Characteristics of particle production in the interaction of 22.8 GeV/c protons with light nuclei in emulsion

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (22) ◽  
pp. 2527-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bhowmik ◽  
R. K. Shivpuri
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
High Multiplicity ◽  
Secondary Particles ◽  
Nucleon Interactions

The present work is aimed at the study of the characteristics of particle production in interactions between proton and light nuclei. The features studied are angular distribution, inelasticity, transverse momentum, and center-of-mass momentum of the secondary particles. In order to determine the contribution of multinucleon collisions, the results have been compared with those of proton–nucleon interactions. It has been found that, whereas the features of low-multiplicity events closely resemble the similar events from p–N collisions, those of high-multiplicity events are somewhat modified by the occurrence of intranuclear interactions.

DESCRIPTION OF (PSEUDO-)RAPIDITY DENSITY AND TRANSVERSE MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS IN A WIDE ENERGY RANGE $(\sqrt{s} = 22.4\hbox{--}7000~{\rm GeV})$

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (09) ◽  
pp. 1250043 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKINORI OHSAWA ◽  
EDISON HIROYUKI SHIBUYA ◽  
MASANOBU TAMADA
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Wide Energy Range ◽  
Charged Multiplicity ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Rapidity Density ◽  
Momentum Distributions ◽  
Multiple Particle Production

The rapidity density and transverse momentum distributions of produced particles in multiple particle production are formulated assuming that the produced particles are emitted isotropically from several emitting centers. The energy distribution of produced particles in the rest frames of respective emitting centers is that of the Tsallis statistics. The distribution of emitting centers is flat with slanting cuts at both shoulders on the rapidity axis in the center of mass system. The formulation includes six adjustable parameters, among which four are energy dependent and more important and are determined so that the transverse momentum and the (pseudo-)rapidity density distributions fit to the data at various energies. The energy dependences of the four parameters, determined empirically, reproduce quite well the energy dependence of the average transverse momentum, that of the pseudo-rapidity density at η* = 0 and that of the charged multiplicity. The energy dependence of the inelasticity is either increasing or decreasing from the assumed value of K = 0.5 at [Formula: see text], due to lack of experimental data at the most-forward rapidity region. The pseudo-rapidity density distribution at LHC energy [Formula: see text] expected by the present formulation is compared with those by the other models.

PARTICLE PRODUCTION IN RHIC, THE pT-SPECTRA AND A NEW APPROACH

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2367-2377
Author(s):  
BHASKAR DE ◽  
S. BHATTACHARYYA ◽  
P. GUPTAROY
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Main Category ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Secondary Particles ◽  
Momentum Spectra ◽  
Charged Pions ◽  
Transverse Momentum Spectra ◽  
The Impact

The RHIC measurements on the transverse momentum spectra of the main category of secondary particles produced in the Au + Au collisions were reported in the recent past. The combination of the phenomenological approaches we adopted provide a satisfactory, alternative framework for understanding and explaining the latest data-spurts on charged pions, kaons and the protons–antiprotons. The comparison of the performances by the contesting models on a select kind of secondary (π+) which belongs to the most abundant variety has also been made. The impact and implications of all these have also been spelt out in the end.

Primary energy estimation in interactions of 22.8 GeV/c protons with nucleons and light emulsion nuclei

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bhowmik ◽  
R. K. Shivpuri
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Light Nucleus ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
High Multiplicity ◽  
Energy Estimation ◽  
Peripheral Mechanism ◽  
Good Agreement

In the present work, the validity of the Castagnoli's formula has been tested for primary energy estimation in the case of p–N and p – light nucleus collisions. By eliminating the contribution of the persisting primary in the angular distribution, a better estimate of the primary energy has been obtained. In the case of p–N collisions, a good agreement with the actual value of the primary energy has been obtained for ns > 4 events and a large disagreement for [Formula: see text] events. The latter observation has been explained on the basis of a peripheral mechanism of particle production for such events. In the case of p – light nucleus collisions, the underestimation of the primary energy for high-multiplicity events has been explained as being due to the occurrence of secondary collisions inside the nucleus.

scholarly journals Study of Dependence of Kinetic Freezeout Temperature on the Production Cross-Section of Particles in Various Centrality Intervals in Au–Au and Pb–Pb Collisions at High Energies

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Guang-Xiong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Transverse Flow ◽  
Peripheral Collisions ◽  
Momentum Spectra ◽  
Transverse Momentum Spectra ◽  
Transverse Flow Velocity

Transverse momentum spectra of π+, p, Λ, Ξ or Ξ¯+, Ω or Ω¯+ and deuteron (d) in different centrality intervals in nucleus–nucleus collisions at the center of mass energy are analyzed by the blast wave model with Boltzmann Gibbs statistics. We extracted the kinetic freezeout temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume from the transverse momentum spectra of the particles. It is observed that the non-strange and strange (multi-strange) particles freezeout separately due to different reaction cross-sections. While the freezeout volume and transverse flow velocity are mass dependent, they decrease with the resting mass of the particles. The present work reveals the scenario of a double kinetic freezeout in nucleus–nucleus collisions. Furthermore, the kinetic freezeout temperature and freezeout volume are larger in central collisions than peripheral collisions. However, the transverse flow velocity remains almost unchanged from central to peripheral collisions.

scholarly journals Particle production at RHIC and LHC energies

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (22) ◽  
pp. 1550131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tawfik ◽  
E. Gamal ◽  
A. G. Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Particle Production ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
System Size ◽  
Alice Experiment ◽  
Center Of Mass Energy ◽  
Particle Ratios ◽  
Strangeness Enhancement ◽  
Homogeneous Particle ◽  
Energy Formula

The production of pion, kaon and proton was measured in Pb–Pb collisions at nucleus–nucleus center-of-mass energy [Formula: see text] by the ALICE experiment at Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The particle ratios of these species compared to the RHIC measurements are confronted to the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model and to simulations based on the event generators PYTHIA 6.4.21 and HIJING 1.36. It is found that the homogeneous particle–antiparticle ratios (same species) are fully reproducible by means of HRG and partly by PYTHIA 6.4.21 and HIJING 1.36. The mixed kaon–pion and proton–pion ratios measured at RHIC and LHC energies seem to be reproducible by the HRG model. On the other hand, the strange abundances are underestimated in both event generators. This might be originated to strangeness suppression in the event generators and/or possible strangeness enhancement in the experimental data. It is apparent that the values of kaon–pion ratios are not sensitive to the huge increase of [Formula: see text] from 200 (RHIC) to 2760 GeV (LHC). We conclude that the ratios of produced particle at LHC seem not depending on the system size.

scholarly journals Study of charged-particle multiplicity fluctuations in pp collisions with Monte Carlo event generators at the LHC

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (09) ◽  
pp. 2050074
Author(s):  
E. Shokr ◽  
A. H. El-Farrash ◽  
A. De Roeck ◽  
M. A. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particle ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Local Density ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Monte Carlo Event ◽  
Particle Multiplicity ◽  
Charged Particle Multiplicity ◽  
Proton Proton

Proton–Proton ([Formula: see text]) collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are simulated in order to study events with a high local density of charged particles produced in narrow pseudorapidty windows of [Formula: see text] = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5. The [Formula: see text] collisions are generated at center of mass energies of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] TeV, i.e., the energies at which the LHC has operated so far, using PYTHIA and HERWIG event generators. We have also studied the average of the maximum charged-particle density versus the event multiplicity for all events, using the different pseudorapidity windows. This study prepares for the multi-particle production background expected in a future search for anomalous high-density multiplicity fluctuations using the LHC data.

Inclusive Single-Particle Production at 90° in the Center-of-Mass System for Nuclear Targets and 28.5-GeV/cIncident Protons

1976 ◽  
Vol 37 (26) ◽  
pp. 1731-1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Becker ◽  
J. Burger ◽  
M. Chen ◽  
G. Everhart ◽  
F. H. Heimlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Particle ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Nuclear Targets
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