AN APPARATUS FOR COMPARISON OF THERMOCOUPLES

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Dauphinee
Keyword(s):  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Tube Furnace ◽  
Furnace Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Different Types

This paper describes a semiautomatic apparatus for routine or precision comparisons of thermocouples of the same type in the temperature range 0–1100 °C. The couples being compared are welded together at the tips and placed in a tube furnace which is heated at rates varying from 10 to 100 °C./min. Measurements of carefully annealed thermocouples show that in the temperature range 300–1100 °C. platinum – platinum 10% rhodium thermocouple comparisons may be made to accuracies of ± 0.3 μv. (± 0.03 °C.) at heating velocities as great as 15 °C./min. while accuracies of ± 1.5 μv. at velocities of 100 °C./min. are feasible. The furnace temperature is varied by means of a motor-driven variac with automatic reversal at peak temperature. In addition to this standard comparison procedure, provision is made for comparing corresponding elements of the couples, for suppression of all or part of the measured e.m.f., and for measuring the whole e.m.f. of all couples when a comparison of different types is desired. The system can be adapted to XY recording with total e.m.f. plotted against e.m.f. differences.

Acetylene chemisorption at palladium: Effect of temperature and structure of the surface

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1448-1458
Author(s):  
Josef Kopešťanský
Keyword(s):  
Work Function ◽  
Atomic Hydrogen ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Thermally Stable ◽  
Template Effect ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Adsorbed Layers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Adsorption Complexes ◽  
Low Coverage

The effect of temperature and structure of the palladium surfaces on acetylene chemisorption was studied along with the interaction of the adsorbed layers with molecular and atomic hydrogen. The work function changes were measured and combined with the volumetric measurements and analysis of the products. At temperature below 100 °C, acetylene is adsorbed almost without dissociation and forms at least two different types of thermally stable adsorption complexes. Acetylene adsorbed at 200 °C is partly decomposed, especially in the low coverage region. Besides the above mentioned effects, the template effect of adsorbed acetylene was studied in the temperature range from -80° to 25 °C. It has been shown that this effect is a typical phenomenon of the palladium-acetylene system which is not due to surface impurities.

Dynamic Study on Vacuum Pyrolysis Reaction of Chinese Fir Sawdust Biomass

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Su Wen Yang ◽  
Jian Min Yi ◽  
Ke Qiang Qiu ◽  
Xin Deng ◽  
Jian Shan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Water Desorption ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Pyrolysis Reaction ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Vacuum Pyrolysis

This thesis does thermal gravimetric analysis（TGA）studies on Chinese fir sawdust biomass by integrated thermal analyzer under vacuum conditions. Through the analysis on lostmass curve at different heating rate of 10, 15, 20 and 30°C/min, we found the process of Chinese fir sawdust vacuum pyrolysis can be mainly divided into three stages: evaporation of free water and combined water desorption, rapid lostmass of pyrolysis and slow decomposition of residues. The lostmass major temperature range is between 250 ~ 450°C, the peak temperature is between 365 ~ 400°C. When the pyrolysis temperature is 500°C, vacuum pyrolysis reaction of Chinese fir sawdust has basically completed. As the heating rate rises, the lostmass curve is moving to the right, the peak temperature is shifting to higher temperature, and the temperature range of thermal decomposition reaction widens significantly. According to experimental datas, we tried to obtain the vacuum pyrolysis dynamic parameters of Chinese fir sawdust, and the results are that the apparent activation energy of vacuum pyrolysis reaction of Chinese fir sawdust biomass is 128.34kJ/mol, with the pre-exponential factor being 6.42×109 and reaction order being 1.08, similar to first order reaction.

Segregation and Precipitation Behavior of Phosphorus in a Ni-Fe-Cr Base Wrought Superalloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 913 ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Zhang ◽  
An Wen Zhang ◽  
Wei Yang Wang ◽  
Xin Xin ◽  
Kai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Precipitation Behavior ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Precipitation Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron

The segregation and precipitation behavior of phosphoruswas studied in aNi-Fe-Cr base wroughtsuperalloy. The precipitation behavior of phosphides in the alloy contained 0.025% Pwas examined after soaking at 750-1080°C to determine the precipitation temperature range of MNP-type phosphide. The microstructuresunder these various conditions wereinvestigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The precipitation temperature of the phosphide in the alloy was determined to be in the range of 850-1040 °C and the precipitation peak temperature was around 980°C.In addition, the melting temperatureof the phosphide was determined to be between 1200 °C and 1250 °C. The current results indicate the tendency of phosphorus segregated at grain boundaries.

scholarly journals Yield Stress Anomaly in B2 FeAl

1996 ◽  
Vol 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yoshimi ◽  
S. Hanada ◽  
M. H. Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Slip Vector ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Increasing Temperature

ABSTRACTOur studies on yield stress anomaly of B2 FeAI single crystals are reviewed in this paper. A positive temperature dependence of yield stress, so-called “yield stress anomaly”, is observed in B2 FeAI in which excess vacancies are fully annealed out. Associated with the anomaly, characteristic asymmetry is found between tension and compression. While the strain-rate sensitivity is almost zero in the temperature range of the yield stress anomaly, the stress relaxation becomes significant with increasing temperature, indicating that a recovery process is thermally activated. It is ascertained by the two-surface trace analysis that slip transition from <111> direction at intermediate temperature to <100> at high temperature occurs around the peak temperature. Even at the peak temperature, in addition, operative slip vector for yielding is confirmed to be predominantly <111> by TEM. Also, it is observed that <111>-type superdislocations are frequently climb-dissociated in the temperature range of the anomaly. APB formation on {111} plane is energetically favorable, which is in agreement with the Flinn's calculation for the B2 superlattice that APB energy on {111} plane is lower than that on {110} plane. Such an anisotropy of APB energy would offer specific driving force for the climb dissociation on <111> superdislocations. On the basis of the observed results, the anomalous strengthening behavior of B2 FeAI single crystals is discussed.

scholarly journals New approaches to DVFS in mobile MPSoC for power-, thermal-efficiency and reliability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somdip Dey ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Klaus D. Mcdonald-Maier
Keyword(s):  
System On Chip ◽  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Performance Requirement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dynamic Voltage ◽  
Security And Reliability ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

<div><div><div><p>Modern mobile devices come equipped with heterogeneous multi-processor system-on-chip (MPSoC) consisting of different types of cores such as CPU and GPU to cater for performance requirement of different types of applications. These MPSoCs also supports dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) to reduce dynamic power consumption, which retrospectively affects the peak temperature of the multi-processors on the chip as well. In this poster presentation, we introduce three novel approaches to DVFS in mobile MPSoCs such that the executing applications can meet the performance requirement while consuming less power, reducing peak temperature and improving thermal side-channel security and reliability in terms of lifespan of the device.</p></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Бимодальность в спектрах электролюминесценции InGaAs квантовых яма-точек

2022 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
A.A. Харченко ◽  
А.М. Надточий ◽  
А.А. Серин ◽  
С.А. Минтаиров ◽  
Н.А. Калюжный ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Active Region ◽  
Quantum Well ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Temperature Decrease ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Polarized Emission ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Two Peaks

The electroluminescence spectra of waveguiding structures based on quantum well-dots were investigated with polarization resolution in the temperature range of 60−300 K. It is found that the ground state emission consists of two peaks with different degrees of TE-polarization and these peaks are getting closer with temperature decrease. We attribute the bimodality to the existence of two different types of nanoobjects in the active region: the quantum well-dots, which have partially TE-polarized emission, and quantum dots emitting almost fully TE-polarized light.

scholarly journals New approaches to DVFS in mobile MPSoC for power-, thermal-efficiency and reliability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somdip Dey ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Klaus D. Mcdonald-Maier
Keyword(s):  
System On Chip ◽  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Performance Requirement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dynamic Voltage ◽  
Security And Reliability ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

<div><div><div><p>Modern mobile devices come equipped with heterogeneous multi-processor system-on-chip (MPSoC) consisting of different types of cores such as CPU and GPU to cater for performance requirement of different types of applications. These MPSoCs also supports dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) to reduce dynamic power consumption, which retrospectively affects the peak temperature of the multi-processors on the chip as well. In this poster presentation, we introduce three novel approaches to DVFS in mobile MPSoCs such that the executing applications can meet the performance requirement while consuming less power, reducing peak temperature and improving thermal side-channel security and reliability in terms of lifespan of the device.</p></div></div></div>

Notizen: Mechanism of CaMoO4 Formation in the Solid State from CaO and MoO3

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-398
Author(s):  
G. Flor ◽  
V. Berbenni ◽  
V. Massarotti ◽  
R. Riccardi ◽  
E. V. Tkacenko
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Lattice Disorder ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Defect Pair ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Different Types

AbstractThe formation in the solid state of CaMoO4 from CaO (single crystal) and MoO3 was investigated by the contact method in the temperature range 625-710 °C and at 10−4 < po2 < 1 atm. The relatively high velocity of this process compared with that for CaWO4 formation is explained on the basis of the different types of lattice disorder predominant in the two reaction products. As concerns CaMoO4, the majority defect pair (VMo6′, h·) was deduced by Wagner and Schmalzried's method. The overall results indicate that the rate-determining step of CaMoO4 formation is the molybdenum diffusion via VMo6′ .

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