Characterization, chromosomal mapping, and expression of different polyubiquitin genes in tissues from control and heat-shocked maize seedlings

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Liu ◽  
Daniel S. Maillet ◽  
J. Roger H. Frappier ◽  
David B. Walden ◽  
Burr G. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Chromosomal Mapping ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Polyubiquitin Gene ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Polyubiquitin Genes ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Identical Gene

Polyubiquitin transcripts accumulate in plant and animal cells following a heat shock. Most species have a few to several polyubiquitin genes; within a species, the genes may differ in nucleotide (nt) sequence and (or) the number of 228-nt repeats encoding the ubiquitin monomer. This study examines three maize (inbred Oh43) polyubiquitin genes. Two of the genes, MubG9 and MubG5, possess five repeats; the third, MubG1 possesses seven repeats. Sequence analyses of the genomic clones, MubG9 and MubG1 and a cDNA clone, MubG5, reveal that they differ primarily from each other in their nt sequences 5′ and 3′ to their open reading frames. MubG1 contains a 1004-base pair (bp) intron in its 5′ untranslated region. Using gene-specific probes, we show that the amount of polyribosome-associated mRNA transcripts from MubG9 isolated from 2- and 5-day old plumules and radicles is unchanged by heat shock. While the amount of transcript from MubG1 and MubG5 on the polyribosomes in plumules and radicles of 2-day-old seedlings is also unchanged by heat shock, the levels of these transcripts are elevated considerably in similar tissues from heat-shocked 5-day-old seedlings. Similar or identical gene-specific probes were employed to map the genes using the recombinant inbred method. MubG9 maps to chromosome 4L position 186; MubG1 maps to 5L104 and MubG5 to 4L188. The opportunity to use gene-specific probes extends the evidence for distinct modulation (time and tissue) of polyubiquitin gene expression in maize and provides the basis for locus assignment within the genome.Key words: ubiquitin, maize, heat shock, heat-shock proteins, gene expression, chromosome map.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Profiling of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae during Heat Shock Using Microarrays

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Madsen ◽  
Dan Nettleton ◽  
Eileen L. Thacker ◽  
Robert Edwards ◽  
F. Chris Minion
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
Temperature Swing ◽  
Study Gene Expression ◽  
Shock Proteins

ABSTRACT Bacterial pathogens undergo stress during host colonization and disease processes. These stresses result in changes in gene expression to compensate for potentially lethal environments developed in the host during disease. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonizes the swine epithelium and causes a pneumonia that predisposes the host to enhanced disease from other pathogens. How M. hyopneumoniae responds to changing environments in the respiratory tract during disease progression is not known. In fact, little is known concerning the capabilities of mycoplasmas to respond to changing growth environments. With limited genes, mycoplasmas are thought to possess only a few mechanisms for gene regulation. A microarray consisting of 632 of the 698 open reading frames of M. hyopneumoniae was constructed and used to study gene expression differences during a temperature shift from 37°C to 42°C, a temperature swing that might be encountered during disease. To enhance sensitivity, a unique hexamer primer set was employed for generating cDNA from only mRNA species. Our analysis identified 91 genes that had significant transcriptional differences in response to heat shock conditions (P < 0.01) with an estimated false-discovery rate of 4 percent. Thirty-three genes had a change threshold of 1.5-fold or greater. Many of the heat shock proteins previously characterized in other bacteria were identified as significant in this study as well. A proportion of the identified genes (54 of 91) currently have no assigned function.

scholarly journals A First Step towards Learning which uORFs Regulate Gene Expression

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher H. Bryant ◽  
Graham J.L. Kemp ◽  
Marija Cvijovic
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inductive Logic ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Integrative System ◽  
Upstream Open Reading Frames ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Regulate Gene

Summary We have taken a first step towards learning which upstream Open Reading Frames (uORFs) regulate gene expression (i.e., which uORFs are functional) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We do this by integrating data from several resources and combining a bioinformatics tool, ORF Finder, with a machine learning technique, inductive logic programming (ILP). Here, we report the challenge of using ILP as part of this integrative system, in order to automatically generate a model that identifies functional uORFs. Our method makes searching for novel functional uORFs more efficient than random sampling. An attempt has been made to predict novel functional uORFs using our method. Some preliminary evidence that our model may be biologically meaningful is presented.

scholarly journals Heat-induced expression of albumin during early stages of rat embryo development.

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4599-4602 ◽  
Author(s):  
U K Srinivas ◽  
C J Revathi ◽  
M R Das
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Embryonic Liver ◽  
Rat Embryo ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Induced Expression ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Internal Change ◽  
Shock Proteins

An examination of heat-induced expression of proteins in tissues from adult and embryonic liver in rats shows that albumin, which is constitutively expressed in adult liver and is not synthesized in embryos before 16 days of gestation, appears in liver cells at earlier stages of development upon heat shock. On the basis of available evidence for the expression of heat shock proteins at distinct stages of development and on the basis of our findings, it may be argued that there could be common molecular events taking place during development and as a result of heat shock. We suggest also that one of the consequences of heat shock could be an internal change of pH within the cell which, in turn, might trigger alterations in gene expression.

scholarly journals Application of Serial Analysis of Gene Expression to the Study of the Gene Expression Profile ofLeishmania infantum chagasiPromastigote

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelino Soares Lima Neto ◽  
Osvaldo Pompílio de Melo Neto ◽  
Carlos Henrique Nery Costa
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gene Expression Profile ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Reading Frames

This study describes the application of the LongSAGE methodology to study the gene expression profile in promastigotes ofLeishmania infantum chagasi. A tag library was created using the LongSAGE method and consisted of 14,208 tags of 17 bases. Of these, 8,427 (59.3%) were distinct. BLAST research of the 1,645 most abundant tags showed that 12.8% of them identified the coding sequences of genes, while 82% (1,349/1,645) identified one or more genomic sequences that did not correspond with open reading frames. Only 5.2% (84/1,645) of the tags were not aligned to any position in theL. infantum genome. The UTR size ofLeishmaniaand the lack of CATG sites in some transcripts were decisive for the generation of tags in these regions. Additional analysis will allow a better understanding of the expression profile and discovering the key genes in this life cycle.

scholarly journals Dynamic Metabolic Adjustments and Genome Plasticity Are Implicated in the Heat Shock Response of the Extremely Thermoacidophilic Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (12) ◽  
pp. 4553-4559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Tachdjian ◽  
Robert M. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Sulfolobus Solfataricus ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Genome Plasticity ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Insertion Elements ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT Approximately one-third of the open reading frames encoded in the Sulfolobus solfataricus genome were differentially expressed within 5 min following an 80 to 90°C temperature shift at pH 4.0. This included many toxin-antitoxin loci and insertion elements, implicating a connection between genome plasticity and metabolic regulation in the early stages of stress response.

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