Regulation of proliferation by the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald C. Johnston ◽  
Richard A. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Mitotic Cell Cycle ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Regulation Of Proliferation

Mutations in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae define regulatory activities both for the mitotic cell cycle and for resumption of proliferation from the quiescent stationary-phase state. In each case, the regulation of proliferation occurs in the prereplicative interval that precedes the initiation of DNA replication. This regulation is particularly responsive to the nutrient environment and the biosynthetic capacity of the cell. Mutations in components of the cAMP-mediated effector pathway and in components of the biosynthetic machinery itself affect regulation of proliferation within the mitotic cell cycle. In the extreme case of nutrient starvation, cells cease proliferation and enter stationary phase. Mutations in newly defined genes prevent stationary-phase cells from reentering the mitotic cell cycle, but have no effect on proliferating cells. Thus stationary phase represents a unique developmental state, with requirements to resume proliferation that differ from those for the maintenance of proliferation in the mitotic cell cycle.Key words: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cell cycle, growth, cAMP, stationary phase.

Induction of yeast histone genes by stimulation of stationary-phase cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 6356-6361
Author(s):  
M A Drebot ◽  
L M Veinot-Drebot ◽  
R A Singer ◽  
G C Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Mitotic Cell Cycle ◽  
Histone Genes ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Alpha Factor ◽  
Stimulation Of

In the cell cycle of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expression of the histone genes H2A and H2B of the TRT1 and TRT2 loci is regulated by the performance of "start," the step that also regulates the cell cycle. Here we show that histone production is also subject to an additional form of regulation that is unrelated to the mitotic cell cycle. Expression of histone genes, as assessed by Northern (RNA) analysis, was shown to increase promptly after the stimulation, brought about by fresh medium, that activates stationary-phase cells to reenter the mitotic cell cycle. The use of a yeast mutant that is conditionally blocked in the resumption of proliferation at a step that is not part of the mitotic cell cycle (M.A. Drebot, G.C. Johnston, and R.A. Singer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 84:7948, 1987) showed that this increased gene expression that occurs upon stimulation of stationary-phase cells took place in the absence of DNA synthesis and without the performance of start. This stimulation-specific gene expression was blocked by the mating pheromone alpha-factor, indicating that alpha-factor directly inhibits expression of these histone genes, independently of start.

scholarly journals Induction of yeast histone genes by stimulation of stationary-phase cells.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 6356-6361 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Drebot ◽  
L M Veinot-Drebot ◽  
R A Singer ◽  
G C Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Mitotic Cell Cycle ◽  
Histone Genes ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Alpha Factor ◽  
Stimulation Of

In the cell cycle of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expression of the histone genes H2A and H2B of the TRT1 and TRT2 loci is regulated by the performance of "start," the step that also regulates the cell cycle. Here we show that histone production is also subject to an additional form of regulation that is unrelated to the mitotic cell cycle. Expression of histone genes, as assessed by Northern (RNA) analysis, was shown to increase promptly after the stimulation, brought about by fresh medium, that activates stationary-phase cells to reenter the mitotic cell cycle. The use of a yeast mutant that is conditionally blocked in the resumption of proliferation at a step that is not part of the mitotic cell cycle (M.A. Drebot, G.C. Johnston, and R.A. Singer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 84:7948, 1987) showed that this increased gene expression that occurs upon stimulation of stationary-phase cells took place in the absence of DNA synthesis and without the performance of start. This stimulation-specific gene expression was blocked by the mating pheromone alpha-factor, indicating that alpha-factor directly inhibits expression of these histone genes, independently of start.

scholarly journals Dynamic Localization of Protein Phosphatase Type 1 in the Mitotic Cell Cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2000 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bloecher ◽  
Kelly Tatchell
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mitotic Cell Cycle ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bud Neck ◽  
Protein Phosphatase Type

Protein phosphatase type I (PP1), encoded by the single essential gene GLC7 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, functions in diverse cellular processes. To identify in vivo subcellular location(s) where these processes take place, we used a functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)–Glc7p fusion protein. Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy revealed GFP–Glc7p localizes predominantly in the nucleus throughout the mitotic cell cycle, with the highest concentrations in the nucleolus. GFP–Glc7p was also observed in a ring at the bud neck, which was dependent upon functional septins. Supporting a role for Glc7p in bud site selection, a glc7-129 mutant displayed a random budding pattern. In α-factor treated cells, GFP–Glc7p was located at the base of mating projections, again in a septin-dependent manner. At the start of anaphase, GFP–Glc7p accumulated at the spindle pole bodies and remained there until cytokinesis. After anaphase, GFP–Glc7p became concentrated in a ring that colocalized with the actomyosin ring. A GFP–Glc7-129 fusion was defective in localizing to the bud neck and SPBs. Together, these results identify sites of Glc7p function and suggest Glc7p activity is regulated through dynamic changes in its location.

An analysis of the mitotic cell cycle in the root meristem of Zea mays

1973 ◽  
Vol 183 (1073) ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Mitotic Cell Cycle ◽  
Pulse Labelling ◽  
Quiescent Centre ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
The Mean

A pulse labelling experiment was used to study the mitotic cell cycle of proliferating cells throughout the root meristem of Zea mays . Seventeen different regions were identified within the area of proliferative activity, extending from the initial cells of the cap columella up to the stele, cortex and epidermis 1000 μm from the cap-quiescent centre junction, and the data were analysed for each region separately. The analyses were made in terms of a mathematical model for cell proliferation and yield statistically efficient estimates of the cell-cycle parameters. The validity of the model is discussed in some detail. It appears that the main difference between the regions studied is in the mean duration of G 1 , that is, the average delay a newborn cell experiences before it begins to synthesize DNA. The mean durations of S and G 2 , the DNA-synthetic and post-DNA-synthetic phases of the mitotic cycle, are relatively constant. The one exception to this pattern is the quiescent centre; this region includes a relatively high proportion of slowly dividing and non-proliferating cells.

The expression in meiosis of genes which are transcribed periodically in the mitotic cell cycle of budding yeast

1986 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leland H. Johnston ◽  
Anthony L. Johnson ◽  
David G. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Mitotic Cell Cycle

scholarly journals A dependent pathway of gene functions leading to chromosome segregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1982 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Wood ◽  
L H Hartwell
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Mitotic Cell Cycle ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Methyl-benzimidazole-2-ylcarbamate (MBC) inhibits the mitotic cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at a stage subsequent to DNA synthesis and before the completion of nuclear division (Quinlan, R. A., C. I. Pogson, and K, Gull, 1980, J Cell Sci., 46: 341-352). The step in the cell cycle that is sensitive to MBC inhibition was ordered to reciprocal shift experiments with respect to the step catalyzed by cdc gene products. Execution of the CDC7 step is required for the initiation of DNA synthesis and for completion of the MBC-sensitive step. Results obtained with mutants (cdc2, 6, 8, 9, and 21) defective in DNA replication and with an inhibitor of DNA replication (hydroxyurea) suggest that some DNA replication required for execution of the MBC-sensitive step but that the completion of replication is not. Of particular interest were mutants (cdc5, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 23) that arrest cell division after DNA replication but before nuclear division since previous experiments had not been able to resolve the pathway of events in this part of the cell cycle. Execution of the CDC17 step was found to be a prerequisite for execution of the MBC-sensitive step; the CDC13, 16 and 23 steps are executed independently of the MBC-sensitive step; execution of the MBC-sensitive step is prerequisite for execution of the MBC-sensitive step; execution of the MBC-sensitive step is prerequisite for execution of the CDC14 and 23 steps. These results considerably extend the dependent pathway of events that constitute the cell cycle of S. cerevisiae.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document