The photolysis of O-methylcytosine in phosphate solutions

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 893-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Pitha ◽  
G. C. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Pyrimidine Ring ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methoxyl Group ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Aliphatic Compound ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Cyanide Group ◽  
Phosphate Effect ◽  
Phosphate Solutions

Ultraviolet irradiation of solutions of 27 pyrimidine derivatives in the presence and absence of inorganic orthophosphate demonstrated a "phosphate effect" in only four cases. Each of these had a methyl or methoxyl group at position 2 and an amino group at position 4 of the pyrimidine ring. Ultraviolet irradiation of solutions of 4-amino-2-methoxypyrimidine containing inorganic orthophosphate gave two major photoproducts, neither of which contained a cyanide group. One was an aliphatic compound described previously, the other apparently a pyrimidine.

scholarly journals Synthesis, solid-state fluorescence properties, and computational analysis of novel 2-aminobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine 5,5-dioxides

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 266-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichirou Yokota ◽  
Masayori Hagimori ◽  
Naoko Mizuyama ◽  
Yasuhisa Nishimura ◽  
Hiroshi Fujito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Pyrimidine Ring ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Ketene Dithioacetals ◽  
Solid State Fluorescence ◽  
Guanidine Carbonate ◽  
Fluorescent Compounds

New fluorescent compounds, benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine 5,5-dioxides (3a–g), 2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (6), and 2-amino-4-methylsulfanyl-7-methoxybenzo[4,5]furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine (7), were synthesized in good yields from heterocyclic ketene dithioacetals (1a–c) and guanidine carbonate (2a) or (S)-methylisothiourea sulfate (2b) in pyridine under reflux. Among the fused pyrimidine derivatives, compound 3c, which has an amino group at the 2-position and a benzylamino group at the 4-position of the pyrimidine ring, showed the strongest solid-state fluorescence. The absorption and emission properties of the compounds were quantitatively reproduced by a series of ab initio quantum-chemical calculations.

scholarly journals MASS SPECTRA OF SOME FUROQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 2516-2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Clugston ◽  
D. B. Maclean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Impact ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methoxyl Group ◽  
Quinoline Ring

The mass spectra of six furoquinoline alkaloids have been recorded and mechanisms have been proposed for their fragmentation upon electron impact. Strong metastable peaks, present in all spectra, have aided in the interpretation of the fragmentation of these alkaloids. The three alkaloids with a methoxyl group in the 8-position of the quinoline ring may be differentiated from the other three by the presence of relatively intense peaks at M-1 and M-29.

Two ubiquitin-like conjugation systems that mediate membrane formation during autophagy

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Nakatogawa
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Membrane Dynamics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Autophagosome Formation ◽  
Acid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Associated Protein ◽  
Atg Proteins ◽  
C Terminus

In autophagy, the autophagosome, a transient organelle specialized for the sequestration and lysosomal or vacuolar transport of cellular constituents, is formed via unique membrane dynamics. This process requires concerted actions of a distinctive set of proteins named Atg (autophagy-related). Atg proteins include two ubiquitin-like proteins, Atg12 and Atg8 [LC3 (light-chain 3) and GABARAP (γ-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein) in mammals]. Sequential reactions by the E1 enzyme Atg7 and the E2 enzyme Atg10 conjugate Atg12 to the lysine residue in Atg5, and the resulting Atg12–Atg5 conjugate forms a complex with Atg16. On the other hand, Atg8 is first processed at the C-terminus by Atg4, which is related to ubiquitin-processing/deconjugating enzymes. Atg8 is then activated by Atg7 (shared with Atg12) and, via the E2 enzyme Atg3, finally conjugated to the amino group of the lipid PE (phosphatidylethanolamine). The Atg12–Atg5–Atg16 complex acts as an E3 enzyme for the conjugation reaction of Atg8; it enhances the E2 activity of Atg3 and specifies the site of Atg8–PE production to be autophagy-related membranes. Atg8–PE is suggested to be involved in autophagosome formation at multiple steps, including membrane expansion and closure. Moreover, Atg4 cleaves Atg8–PE to liberate Atg8 from membranes for reuse, and this reaction can also regulate autophagosome formation. Thus these two ubiquitin-like systems are intimately involved in driving the biogenesis of the autophagosomal membrane.

Decontamination Strategies for Filtering Facepiece Respirators (FFRs) in Healthcare Organizations: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Jena ◽  
Jitendra Sharan
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Other Hand

Abstract Filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) are made for one-time use. A massive shortage of FFRs is widespread during pandemic events and has forced many healthcare organizations to decontaminate them and re-use for a limited time. Many decontamination methods have been proposed for the decontamination of FFRs. This review highlights various aspects of decontamination methods available in the literature. Among various methods available, vaporized hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet irradiation, and dry heat seem to be the most promising decontaminants for FFRs. On the other hand, microwave, bleach, ethylene oxide, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide liquid, sanitizing wipes, and soap and water are not recommended methods for FFR decontamination.

Pyrimidine Derivatives and Related Compounds, V Synthesis of Some Isoxazolo [2,3-a] pyrimidines. A New Ring System

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hilmy Elnagdi ◽  
Ezzat Mohamed Kandeel ◽  
Kamal Usef Sadek
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetoacetate ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivative ◽  
Ring System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Benzoyl Isothiocyanates ◽  
Related Compounds

3-Amino-5-phenyl-4-phenylazoisoxazole (1) reacts with ethyl acetoacetate to yield the corresponding ethyl isoxazolylaminocrotonate derivative (2) which could be thermally cyclized into the isoxazolopyrimidine derivative (4). On the other hand, condensation of 1 with ethoxymethylenemalononitrile has resulted in the formation of the aminoethylene derivative (5).Compound 1 reacted with acrylonitrile to yield the isoxazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine derivative (6). The latter was converted into the corresponding exo derivative (8) by the action of acetic acid-hydrochloric acid mixture.Compound 1 also reacted with methoxycarbonyl-, ethoxycarbomyl- and benzoyl isothiocyanates to yield the isoxazolylthioureas (10a, b) and (11), respectively. The reaction of 2 with acetic acid-hydrochloric acid and with phenylhydrazine is reported.

THE METABOLISM OF PUTRESCINE (1,4-DIAMINOBUTANE) BY MYCOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM FISH: II. STUDIES WITH ARSENITE-INHIBITED CELLS AND CELL-FREE EXTRACTS

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. T. Evelyn
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Succinic Semialdehyde ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Acid Cycle

Three mycobacterial strains isolated from fish degraded putrescine by a pathway in which γ-aminobutyraldehyde (Δ′-pyrroline), γ-aminobutyric acid, succinic semialdehyde, and succinic acid were intermediates. These results agree substantially with those of other workers using different microorganisms. Intact cells utilized γ-aminobutyric acid in a transaminase reaction with endogenously supplied α-ketoglutarate to produce succinic semialdehyde and glutamate. Studies with arsenite-poisoned cells showed that a significant proportion of putrescine was metabolized via pyruvate and alanine. When putrescine-1,4-14C was substrate, HCl extracts of cells contained radioactive aspartate and glutamate in addition to alanine. The further metabolism of succinate therefore proceeded in two directions: one yielding oxalacetate and α-ketoglutarate by way of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the other branching off the cycle to yield pyruvate. Studies with cell-free extracts suggested that putrescine nitrogen was assimilated via glutamate, which served as the amino-group donor to yield alanine and aspartate.

scholarly journals 5-Acetyl-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-one–tris(hydroxymethyl)ammonium chloride (2/1)

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. o1766-o1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. M. A. Huq ◽  
S. Fouzia ◽  
M. NizamMohideen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Chair Conformation ◽  
Pyrimidine Ring ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivative ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Framework Structure ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, 2C13H14N2O3·C3H10NO3+·Cl−, contains two independent molecules (AandB) of the title pyrimidine derivative and one ion-pair of tris(hydroxymethyl)ammonium chloride. The pyrimidine ring in each pyrimidine derivative has a half-chair conformation. Its mean plane is inclined to the benzene ring by 87.2 (3)° in moleculeAand 85.7 (2)° in moleculeB. In the crystal, the pyrimidine derivatives are connected to each other by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating along theb-axis direction. The chains are linkedviaO—H—Cl hydrogen bonds, forming corrugated sheets lying parallel to thebcplane. The sheets are linkedviaC—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework. The tris(hydroxymethyl)ammonium chloride molecules are located in the cages of the framework. There are also further C—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions present in the three-dimensional framework structure. Both the cation and chloride anion of the tris(hydroxymethyl)ammonium chloride ion pair are disordered over two positions, with a refined occupancy ratio of 0.418 (8):0.582 (8) for the cation and 0.71 (4):0.29 (4) for the anion.

Rapidreaction between unifunctional molecules and molecules unifunctional at one position and n-functional at another

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
HG Higgins
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Amino Group

Rate equations for the reaction between A and B, where B is unifunctional, and A is unifunctional at one and n-functional at the other of two independent positions, lead to expressions for the final relative concentrations of the reactants and products in terms of the initial concentrations of A and B, the ratio of the velocity constants at the two positions on A, and the functionality n. These results are applied to the reaction of tryptophane with p-diazobenzenesulphonic acid, in which it appears that the indole group reacts somewhat faster than the amino group.

scholarly journals The antiseptic and trypanocidal action of certain styryl and anil quinoline carboxylamides.*

1932 ◽  
Vol 110 (767) ◽  
pp. 249-260
Keyword(s):  
Amide Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Basic Group ◽  
Urethane Group ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Quaternary Compounds ◽  
Quinoline Series

In the case of quaternary compounds of the styryl quinoline series and of the analogous benzthiazole derivatives a powerful trypanocidal effect in vivo has been shown to depend on the presence in the substance of a free basic group in one of the nuclei, and anacylamino (especially acetyl) or urethane group in the other, and also on the styryl linkage—each playing a definite part in contributing to the action (Browning, Cohen, Ellingworth and Gulbransen, 1929, 1931). This is exemplified by 2( p -aminostyryl)-6 acetylamino quinoline methochloride (No. 8), 2( p -dimethylamino styryl)-6 acetylamino quinoline methochloride (No. 25), 2( p -acetylamino)-6 dimethylamino quinoline methochloride (No. 90) and 2( p -dimethylamino styryl) quinolyl (6) urethane (Me) methochloride (No. 125). The effect of acetylation of the amino group parallels that dis­covered by Ehrlich and his co-workers in the case of p -amino phenyl arsinic acid. Gough and King (1930) have recently made the important observation that in the latter series the introduction of an amide group converts the therapeutically inactive carboxylic and sulphonic acids into active compounds. Accordingly, the effect of substituting a carboxylamide group for the acylamino in compounds of the type of No. 25 and its anil analogue (No. 62) has been investigated. In addition, the position of the carboxylamide group has been varied. These substances were further examined for antiseptic action, the results being shown in the table. Trypanocidal properties have been tested on T. brucei infections in mice as in previous work. The striking observation has been made that only those compounds with the carboxylamide group in the 6 position are therapeutically active, the anils being only slightly less effective than the styryl analogues ( cf . Nos. 410, 409 and 385, 403). This contrasts with what is found in the acetylamino derivatives, since the styryl compounds of the latter are highly active as compared with the corresponding anils. The carboxy-ethylamides (420, 419) are more toxic and less trypanocidal than the corresponding amides and methylamides.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of dichlorido{4-[(E)-(methoxyimino-κN)methyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-amine-κN3}palladium(II)

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. m10-m11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorita V. Dyakonenko ◽  
Olga O. Zholob ◽  
Svitlana I. Orysyk ◽  
Vasily I. Pekhnyo
Keyword(s):  
Bidentate Ligand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Square Planar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Van Der Waals Radii ◽  
Cl Atoms ◽  
Coordination Plane

In the title compound, [PdCl2(C5H7N3OS)], the PdIIatom adopts a distorted square-planar coordination sphere defined by two N atoms of the bidentate ligand and two Cl atoms. The mean deviation from the coordination plane is 0.029 Å. The methyl group is not coplanar with the plane of the metallacycle [torsion angle C—O—N—C = 20.2 (4)°]. Steric repulsion between the methyl group and atoms of the metallacycle is manifested by shortened intramolecular H...C contacts of 2.27, 2.38 and 2.64 Å, as compared with the sum of the van der Waals radii of 2.87 Å. The amino group participatesviaone H atom in the formation of an intramolecular N—H...Cl hydrogen bond. In the crystal, the other H atom of the amino group links moleculesviabifurcated N—H...(Cl,O) hydrogen bonds into chains parallel to [001].

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