METABOLISM OF CARNITINE IN COLD-ACCLIMATED RATS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1437-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Therriault ◽  
M. A. Mehlman
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Turnover Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Parallel Increase

The body pool, half-life, and turnover time of carnitine in rats maintained at 25 °C and in rats exposed to 5 °C for a period of 6 weeks were measured. The level of free and lipid-bound carnitine in striated muscle of these animals was also determined.Results show that the body pool of carnitine is eight times greater in cold-acclimated rats than in rats maintained at 25 °C. On the other hand, the half-life and turnover time of carnitine in cold-acclimated rats is only one-half of that of rats kept at 25 °C.Analysis of striated muscle showed a parallel increase of carnitine in cold-acclimated rats. This increase in carnitine was accompanied by a corresponding increase in acylcarnitine.

scholarly journals THE HALF-LIFE OF PASSIVELY ACQUIRED ANTIBODY GLOBULIN MOLECULES IN INFANTS

1951 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antibody Molecule ◽  
Other Hand

By following the titer of passively acquired Rh antibodies in newborn infants, it is calculated that the half-life of the placenta-passing Rh antibody molecule is approximately 30 days. Evidence is offered that this estimate applies not only to placenta-passing Rh antibodies, but also to other placenta-passing antibodies, and not improbably to serum gamma globulin molecules in general. Studies on the fate of free Rh antibodies in erythroblastotic babies show that these antibodies often are eliminated no more rapidly in Rh-positive babies than in Rh-negative babies. On the other hand, incompatible alpha and beta antibodies, as a rule, are quickly neutralized and eliminated from the body of newborn infants. These observations provide one explanation for the lower incidence of erythroblastosis due to A-B sensitization in comparison with cases resulting from Rh sensitization.

High Heels sebagai Agensi bagi Tubuh Wanita

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sunandar Macpal ◽  
Fathianabilla Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Heels ◽  
Experience Pain ◽  
Woman's Body

The aims of this paper is to explain the use of high heels as an agency for a woman's body. Agency context refers to pain in the body but pain is perceived as something positive. In this paper, the method used is a literature review by reviewing writings related to the use of high heels. The findings in this paper that women experience body image disturbance or anxiety because they feel themselves are not beautiful or not attractive. The use of high heels, makes women more attractive and more confident, on the other hand the use of high heels actually makes women feel pain and discomfort. However, for the achievement of beauty standards, women voluntarily allow their bodies to experience pain. However, the agency's willingness to beauty standards here is meaningless without filtering and directly accepted. Instead women keep negotiating with themselves so as to make a decision why use high heels.

Basic Concepts and Definitions of Allergology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vrucinic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Basic Insight ◽  
Insight Into

The future of medicine belongs to immunology and alergology. I tried to not be too wide in description, but on the other hand to mention the most important concepts of alergology to make access to these diseases more understandable, logical and more useful for our patients, that without complex pathophysiology and mechanism of immune reaction,we gain some basic insight into immunological principles. The name allergy to medicine was introduced by Pirquet in 1906, and is of Greek origin (allos-other + ergon-act; different reaction), essentially representing the reaction of an organism to a substance that has already been in contact with it, and manifested as a specific response thatmanifests as either a heightened reaction, a hypersensitivity, or as a reduced reaction immunity. Synonyms for hypersensitivity are: altered reactivity, reaction, hypersensitivity. The word sensitization comes from the Latin (sensibilitas, atis, f.), which means sensibility,sensitivity, and has retained that meaning in medical vocabulary, while in immunology and allergology this term implies the creation of hypersensitivity to an antigen. Antigen comes from the Greek words, anti-anti + genos-genus, the opposite, anti-substance substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.

scholarly journals Towards a Kenotic Identity Politics: Migration, Transformation and the Eucharist

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Matthew John Paul Tan
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Of Christ ◽  
Eucharistic Theology ◽  
Critical Tradition ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Massive Influx ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
The One

This paper will focus on one element of the pushback against the massive influx of immigrants taken in for humanitarian purposes, namely, an identity-based chauvinism which uses identity as the point of resistance to the perceived dilution of that identity, brought about by the transformation of culture induced by the incorporation of a foreign other. The solution to this perceived dilution is a simultaneous defence of that culture and a demand for a conformity to it. While those in the critical tradition have encouraged a counter-position of revolutionary transformation by the other through ethics, dialogue, or the multitude, such a transformation is arguably impeded by what is ultimately a repetition of the metaphysics of conformity. Drawing on the personalism of Emmanuel Mounier and the Eucharistic theology of Creston Davis and Aaron Riches, this paper submits an alternative identity politics position that completes the revolutionary impulse. Identity here is not the flashpoint of a self-serving conflict, but the launch-point of politics of self-emptying, whose hallmarks include, on the one hand, a never-ending reception of transformation by the other, and on the other hand, an anchoring in the Body of Christ that is at once ever-changing and never-changing.

scholarly journals Decreased ligand affinity rather than glucocorticoid receptor down-regulation in patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome

2000 ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Huizenga ◽  
WW De Herder ◽  
JW Koper ◽  
P de Lange ◽  
D AJ v Lely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Ligand Affinity ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Receptor Number ◽  
Cortisol Levels

OBJECTIVE: Glucocorticoids (GCs) serve a variety of important functions throughout the body. The synthesis and secretion of GCs are under the strict influence of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. The mechanisms of action of GCs are mediated by the intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Over the years, many studies have been performed concerning the regulation of GR expression by GC concentrations. METHODS: In the present study, we determined the characteristics of the GR in peripheral mononuclear blood leukocytes (PBML) from thirteen patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome and fifteen control subjects, using a whole cell dexamethasone binding assay. Furthermore, cortisol concentrations were determined in order to investigate a possible relationship between serum cortisol levels and receptor characteristics. RESULTS: There were no differences in mean receptor number between patients and controls. On the other hand, a significantly lower ligand affinity was identified in cells from patients with Cushing's syndrome compared with controls. A complete normalisation of the ligand affinity was observed after treatment in the only patient tested in this respect, whereas the receptor number was not affected. In patients, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between cortisol concentrations and ligand affinity, which was not found in controls. CONCLUSION: Receptor down-regulation does not occur in PBML from patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome. On the other hand, there seems to be a diminished ligand affinity which possibly reflects receptor modification in response to exposure to the continuously high cortisol levels in patients with Cushing's syndrome. This assumption is substantiated by the fact that in one patient a normalisation of the ligand affinity after complete remission of the disease was seen.

Electrical interactions between the giant axons of a polychaete worm (Sabella penicillus L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
D. Mellon ◽  
J. E. Treherne ◽  
N. J. Lane ◽  
J. B. Harrison ◽  
C. K. Langley
Keyword(s):  
Safety Factor ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Muscular Contraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intracellular Recordings ◽  
Giant Axons ◽  
Other Hand

Intracellular recordings demonstrated a transfer of impulses between the paired giant axons of Sabella, apparently along narrow axonal processes contained within the paired commissures which link the nerve cords in each segment of the body. This transfer appears not to be achieved by chemical transmission, as has been previously supposed. This is indicated by the spread of depolarizing and hyperpolarizing voltage changes between the giant axons, the lack of effects of changes in the concentrations of external divalent cations on impulse transmission and by the effects of hyperpolarization in reducing the amplitude of the depolarizing potential which precedes the action potentials in the follower axon. The ten-to-one attenuation of electronic potentials between the giant axons argues against the possibility of an exclusively passive spread of potential along the axonal processes which link the axons. Observation of impulse traffic within the nerve cord commissures indicates, on the other hand, that transmission is achieved by conduction of action potentials along the axonal processes which link the giant axons. At least four pairs of intact commissures are necessary for inter-axonal transmission, the overall density of current injected at multiple sites on the follower axon being, it is presumed, sufficient to overcome the reduction in safety factor imposed by the geometry of the system in the region where axonal processes join the giant axons. The segmental transmission between the giant axons ensures effective synchronization of impulse traffic initiated in any region of the body and, thus, co-ordination of muscular contraction, during rapid withdrawal responses of the worm.

A Liberating Experience. On Becoming a Work of Art

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-430
Author(s):  
Maja Tabea Jerrentrup
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Film Clips ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One ◽  
Body Painting ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Abstract The art of bodypainting that is fairly unknown to a wider public turns the body into a canvas - it is a frequently used phrase in the field of bodypainting that illustrates the challenge it faces: it uses a three-dimensional surface and has to cope with its irregularities, but also with the model’s abilities and characteristics. This paper looks at individuals who are turned into art by bodypainting. Although body painting can be very challenging for them - they have to expose their bodies and to stand still for a long time while getting transformed - models report that they enjoy both the process and the result, even if they are not confident about their own bodies. Among the reasons there are physical aspects like the sensual enjoyment, but also the feeling of being part of something artistic. This is enhanced and preserved through double staging - becoming a threedimentional work of art and then being staged for photography or film clips. This process gives the model the chance to experience their own body in a detached way. On the one hand, bodypainting closely relates to the body and on the other hand, it can help to over-come the body.

On the Measurement of the Palate in Idiots and Imbeciles

1876 ◽  
Vol 22 (98) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Claye Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Prima Facie ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Cranial Sutures ◽  
High Arched Palate ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Face

There is a general idea expressed in text-books, and more or less freely asserted in practice, but which I shall prove to be a fallacy, that a high-arched palate is so frequently met with in idiocy and imbecility that it may be taken as a sign of their existence. Indeed, when a case of this kind is brought forward the patient is made to open his mouth, under the conviction that a high palate will be found as certainly as a superficial alteration of the tongue in gastric disturbance. We shall see that the connection is an accidental one; and there is, in reality, no relationship between the development of the intellect and the height and width of the palate. If we consider that the bones of the cranium are developed in a different manner from those of the face, and that ossification at the base is complete long before that of the bones forming the palate, it is clear that there can be no primâ facie reason for thinking that because a person has an imperfect brain he should therefore have an imperfect palate; yet such an interdependence is held. It is quite true that a constitutional taint, such as rickets or syphilis, which affects the ossification of the bones generally and the cranial sutures, would probably affect the palatine bones, and hence it is that many idiots and imbeciles are found to have high or imperfect palates: but on the other hand some modifying taint may dwarf the height of the body, may affect the shape of the head to such an extent as to make an idiot of the microcephalic type, and yet leave the palate untouched, perfect in all conditions of width, height, number, quality, and regularity of teeth.

New Light on the Grylli

1935 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-235
Author(s):  
Anne Roes
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Greek Art

Well known though the grylli are, we have still very little to say about their meaning and about their origin.Our knowledge of them, which has hardly increased since the days of Furtwangler, amounts to the following facts. Grylli were one of the most popular motives for the decoration of gems in Roman times; they remained in favour during more than three centuries. Several indications lead us to believe that some pro-phylactic value was ascribed to them; this may also account for their long popularity. In appearance they can as a rule be divided into two classes. Either they are a composition of various human and animal heads, sometimes with birds added to them, or else they consist of the body of a bird, generally a cock, to which heads and masks are attached in different ways. As the cock often is provided with a horse's head, we are reminded of the Attic hippalectryon; it is, however, impossible to trace their descent from Greek art, for we do not know of any more complicated Greek design that may have inspired Roman gem-cutters; the hippalectryon itself even does not seem to have lived down to the Hellenistic period. On the other hand, it is equally impossible to regard them as an original Roman fantasy. In the first place, their connexion with the hippalectryon, though distant, is unmistakable; secondly and chiefly, we know there were grylli before the days of Roman glyptic art. In the necropolis of Tharros in Sardinia have been found several scarabs decorated with motives closely resembling the Roman grylli. Now the necropolis seems to have been in use for a very long time, but Furtwangler believed, no doubt rightly, that the bulk of the objects found in it, and especially the grylli, must be dated rather early as they still show some of the traditions of archaic art. Our Fig. 3a is a good example.

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