THE ISOLATION OF BEEF SPHINGOMYELINS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1659-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Spencer ◽  
R. Schaffrin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Beef Heart ◽  
Selective Hydrolysis ◽  
Solvent Fractionation ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Layer Chromatography

A method was developed for the quantitative isolation of tissue sphingomyelins. Total lipid extracts of tissues were subjected to selective hydrolysis to destroy ester phosphatides and plasmalogens. The water-soluble hydrolysis products were removed by solvent fractionation. The sphingomyelins were separated from other lipids on silicic acid columns.Sphingomyelins were prepared from beef heart, lung, kidney, adrenal, brain, liver, and adipose tissue. The sphingomyelins were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography, paper chromatography of hydrolysis products, and infrared spectroscopy. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas–liquid chromatography.Methods for preparation and analysis of sphingomyelins are discussed.

scholarly journals The composition of triglycerides from liver, egg yolk and adipose tissue of the laying hen

1970 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Husbands
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Argentation Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Liver Triglycerides ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The composition of the triglycerides of liver, egg yolk and adipose tissue of laying hens fed on a standard diet were investigated by using argentation thin-layer chromatography to separate the triglycerides according to their degree of unsaturation. About 40% of liver triglycerides consisted of one saturated and two monoenoic fatty acids. Triglycerides containing linoleate were more abundant in adipose tissue than in either yolk or liver. Hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase of the tissue triglycerides and fractions obtained from these triglycerides showed that the triglycerides of adipose tissue had a less ordered arrangement of fatty acids at the 2-position than did either yolk or liver triglycerides. The labelling patterns of triglycerides formed in liver slices incubated in the presence of [1-(3)14C]glycerol indicated that triglycerides containing four or more double bonds are formed to a greater extent than are other triglyceride fractions. This is evidence for the concept that the type of triglyceride formed depends on the availability of fatty acids to the liver cells.

Diacylglycerol Biosynthesis in Everted Sacs of Rat Intestinal Mucosa

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1170-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Breckenridge ◽  
A. Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Acid Pathway ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Everted Sacs

The molecular specificity in the biosynthesis of diacylglycerols by rat intestinal mucosa was examined by means of radioactive markers, thin-layer chromatography with silver nitrate and gas-liquid chromatography with radioactivity monitoring. Bile salt micelles of alternately labeled monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids were incubated with everted sacs of intestinal mucosa for various periods of time and the diacylglycerols were isolated by solvent extraction and thin-layer chromatography. Stereospecific analyses of the X-1,2-diacylglycerols labeled from 2-monoacylgiycerols showed that the sn-1,2-isomers (45–55%) were slightly in excess of the sn-2,3-isomers (34–45%) with the X-1,3-diacylglycerols accounting for the rest of the radioactivity (5–10%). This suggests that racemic diacylglycerols may be intermediates in the resynthesis of dietary fat in rat intestinal mucosa. Detailed analyses of the molecular species of the sn-1,2-diacylglycerols labeled from free fatty acids revealed that 10–45% of the total did not contain the acid present in the 2-monoacylglycerol supplied, and therefore had originated from the phosphatidic acid pathway. These findings are at variance with those obtained in isolated microsomes, which have suggested an inhibition of the phosphatidic acid pathway by monoacylglycerols as well as have given evidence of an exclusive synthesis of sn-1,2-diacylglycerols from 2-monoacylglycerols.

scholarly journals Thin Layer Chromatography of Dyes. I : The Frequency in Use of Water Soluble Dyes Containing in Commercial Drugs.

Eisei kagaku ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 384-385
Author(s):  
Fukujiro Fujikawa ◽  
Kunio Hirai ◽  
Misuzu Tachibana ◽  
Utaka Otani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Mode of action of choline. III. Metabolism of nonessential fatty acids in choline-deficient rats

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chalvardjian
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Serum Phospholipids ◽  
Early Alteration ◽  
Initial Change

To investigate the increase in ratio of C16 to C18 nonessential fatty acids in hepatic triglycerides of choline-deficient rats, two groups of rats fed, respectively, a choline-deficient and a choline-supplemented diet for 3–4 days were injected either with 1-14C-acetate intraperitoneally or with a mixture of 9,10-3H-palmitate and 18-14C-stearate intravenously. The choline-deficient and choline-supplemented rats were killed 3 h after labelled acetate injection. Further groups of choline-deficient and choline-supplemented rats were killed at intervals of 1 min to 6 h after injection with labelled palmitate and stearate. Extracts of lipids from livers and sera were analyzed by gas–liquid and thin-layer chromatography. In the choline-deficient rats injected with 1-14C-acetate the ratio of C16 to C18 labelled fatty acids incorporated into hepatic and serum triglycerides was increased and the ratio of those incorporated into hepatic and serum phospholipids was decreased. The ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids incorporated into the triglycerides and phospholipids of liver and serum of the choline-deficient rats was decreased compared to that of the choline-supplemented rats. Similar differences between the two groups of rats were evident in the hepatic lipids of animals injected with 3H-palmitate and 14C-stearate. The early alteration of the ratios of hepatic nonessential fatty acids suggests that the initial change is a decreased desaturation of fatty acids.

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