SYNTHESIS OF L-α-CEPHALINS CONTAINING FATTY ACIDS OF SHORTER CHAIN LENGTH: WATER-SOLUBLE GLYCEROLPHOSPHATIDES II

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 859-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Baer ◽  
Tibor Gróf
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Chloroform Solution ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Protective Groups ◽  
Salt Structure ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis

L-α-(Dihexanoyl)cephalin has been synthesized by the phosphorylation of D-α,β-dihexanoylglycerol with phenylphosphoryl dichloride and pyridine, esterification of the reaction product, viz. dihexanoyl-L-α-glycerylphenylphosphoryl chloride, with N-carbobenzoxyethanolamine, and simultaneous removal of the protective groups of dihexanoyl-L-α-glycerylphenylphosphoryl-N-carbobenzoxyethanolamine by catalytic hydrogenolysis. The L-α-(dihexanoyl)cephalin is soluble in water.Infrared evidence supports the inner-salt structure of cephalins in chloroform solution.

SYNTHESIS OF L-α-CEPHALINS CONTAINING FATTY ACIDS OF SHORTER CHAIN LENGTH: WATER-SOLUBLE GLYCEROLPHOSPHATIDES II

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 859-864
Author(s):  
Erich Baer ◽  
Tibor Gróf
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Chloroform Solution ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Protective Groups ◽  
Salt Structure ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis

L-α-(Dihexanoyl)cephalin has been synthesized by the phosphorylation of D-α,β-dihexanoylglycerol with phenylphosphoryl dichloride and pyridine, esterification of the reaction product, viz. dihexanoyl-L-α-glycerylphenylphosphoryl chloride, with N-carbobenzoxyethanolamine, and simultaneous removal of the protective groups of dihexanoyl-L-α-glycerylphenylphosphoryl-N-carbobenzoxyethanolamine by catalytic hydrogenolysis. The L-α-(dihexanoyl)cephalin is soluble in water.Infrared evidence supports the inner-salt structure of cephalins in chloroform solution.

Formation of debranched wheat starch-fatty acid inclusion complexes using saturated fatty acids with different chain length

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110867
Author(s):  
Min Hyeock Lee ◽  
Ha Ram Kim ◽  
Woo Su Lim ◽  
Min-Cheol Kang ◽  
Hee-Don Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Starch

scholarly journals The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Kanako Omori ◽  
Hiroki Miyakawa ◽  
Aya Watanabe ◽  
Yuki Nakayama ◽  
Yijin Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Acetic Acid Concentration ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Constipation is a common condition that occurs in many people worldwide. While magnesium oxide (MgO) is often used as the first-line drug for chronic constipation in Japan, dietary fiber intake is also recommended. Dietary fiber is fermented by microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs are involved in regulating systemic physiological functions and circadian rhythm. We examined the effect of combining MgO and the water-soluble dietary fiber, inulin, on cecal SCFA concentration and microbiota in mice. We also examined the MgO administration timing effect on cecal SCFAs. The cecal SCFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography, and the microbiota was determined using next-generation sequencing. Inulin intake decreased cecal pH and increased cecal SCFA concentrations while combining MgO increased the cecal pH lowered by inulin and decreased the cecal SCFA concentrations elevated by inulin. When inulin and MgO were combined, significant changes in the microbiota composition were observed compared with inulin alone. The MgO effect on the cecal acetic acid concentration was less when administered at ZT12 than at ZT0. In conclusion, this study suggests that MgO affects cecal SCFA and microbiota during inulin feeding, and the effect on acetic acid concentration is time-dependent.

scholarly journals Effects of propionate and carnitine on the hepatic oxidation of short- and medium-chain-length fatty acids

1988 ◽  
Vol 250 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
E P Brass ◽  
R A Beyerinck
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Ketone Body ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Body Formation ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Medium Chain Length ◽  
Hepatic Oxidation

Accumulation of propionate, or its metabolic product propionyl-CoA, can disrupt normal cellular metabolism. The present study examined the effects of propionate, or propionyl-CoA generated during the oxidation of odd-chain-length fatty acids, on hepatic oxidation of short- and medium-chain-length fatty acids. In isolated hepatocytes, ketone-body formation from odd-chain-length fatty acids was slow as compared with even-chain-length fatty acid substrates, and increased as the carbon chain length was increased from five to seven to nine. In contrast, rates of ketogenesis from butyrate, hexonoate and octanoate were all approximately equal. Propionate (10 mM) inhibited ketogenesis from butyrate, hexanoate and octanoate by 81%, 53% and 18% respectively. Addition of carnitine had no effect on ketogenesis from the even-chain-length fatty acids, but increased the rate of ketone-body formation from pentanoate (by 53%), heptanoate (by 28%) and from butyrate or hexanoate in the presence of propionate. The inhibitory effect of propionate could not be explained by shunting acetyl-CoA into the tricarboxylic acid cycle, as CO2 formation from butyrate was also decreased by propionate. Examination of the hepatocyte CoA pool during oxidation of butyrate demonstrated that addition of propionate decreased acetyl-CoA and CoA as propionyl-CoA accumulated. Addition of carnitine decreased propionyl-CoA by 50% (associated with production of propionylcarnitine) and increased acetyl-CoA and CoA. Similar changes in the CoA pool were seen during the oxidation of pentanoate. These results demonstrate that accumulation of propionyl-CoA results in inhibition of short-chain fatty acid oxidation. Carnitine can partially reverse this inhibition. Changes in the hepatocyte CoA pool are consistent with carnitine acting by generating propionylcarnitine, thereby decreasing propionyl-CoA and increasing availability of free CoA. The data provide further evidence of the potential cellular toxicity from organic acid accretion, and supports the concept that carnitine's interaction with the cellular CoA pool can have a beneficial effect on cellular metabolism and function under conditions of unusual organic acid accumulation.

scholarly journals Quantitative ‘Omics Analyses of Medium Chain Length Polyhydroxyalkanaote Metabolism in Pseudomonas putida LS46 Cultured with Waste Glycerol and Waste Fatty Acids

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e0142322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilagamazhi Fu ◽  
Parveen Sharma ◽  
Vic Spicer ◽  
Oleg V. Krokhin ◽  
Xiangli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Waste Glycerol ◽  
Medium Chain Length

Evidence for glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchoring of Toxoplasma gondii major surface antigens

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 4576-4580
Author(s):  
S Tomavo ◽  
R T Schwarz ◽  
J F Dubremetz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Phospholipase C ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Radioactive Label ◽  
Glycosyl Phosphatidylinositol ◽  
Major Surface

The four major surface antigens of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites (P43, P35, P30, and P22) were made water soluble by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). These antigens were biosynthetically labeled with 3H-fatty acids, [3H]ethanolamine, and [3H]carbohydrates. Treatment of 3H-fatty-acid-labeled parasite lysates with PI-PLC removed the radioactive label from these antigens. A cross-reacting determinant was exposed on these antigens after PI-PLC treatment.

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