ISOLATION OF A STEROID-LIKE SUBSTANCE FROM URINE AND CITROUS FRUITS

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 869-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Nowaczynski ◽  
Thomas Sandor ◽  
Erich Koiw ◽  
R. Norman Jones ◽  
Jacques Genest
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Partial Chemical

The isolation and the partial chemical and physicochemical characterization of a chloroform-soluble substance obtained from human urine and citrous fruit juices are presented. The urinary compound, designated as compound III, is present mostly as a conjugate hydrolyzed by animal β-glucuronidase whereas it is in free form in fruit juices. It is present in the urine of normal males and females and in a number of pathological conditions. Its urinary excretion is significantly increased as a result of diets rich in potassium (250 meq./day). In various paper chromatographic systems, the compound has a mobility similar to that of aldosterone. Detailed study of its chemical and physicochemical characteristics, including oxidative degradation and infrared and elementary analysis, suggests a steroidal or sesquiterpinoidal structure. However, at the present time, the data obtained do not permit the final elucidation of the chemical formula of compound III.

ISOLATION OF A STEROID-LIKE SUBSTANCE FROM URINE AND CITROUS FRUITS

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 869-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Nowaczynski ◽  
Thomas Sandor ◽  
Erich Koiw ◽  
R. Norman Jones ◽  
Jacques Genest
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Partial Chemical

The isolation and the partial chemical and physicochemical characterization of a chloroform-soluble substance obtained from human urine and citrous fruit juices are presented. The urinary compound, designated as compound III, is present mostly as a conjugate hydrolyzed by animal β-glucuronidase whereas it is in free form in fruit juices. It is present in the urine of normal males and females and in a number of pathological conditions. Its urinary excretion is significantly increased as a result of diets rich in potassium (250 meq./day). In various paper chromatographic systems, the compound has a mobility similar to that of aldosterone. Detailed study of its chemical and physicochemical characteristics, including oxidative degradation and infrared and elementary analysis, suggests a steroidal or sesquiterpinoidal structure. However, at the present time, the data obtained do not permit the final elucidation of the chemical formula of compound III.

scholarly journals THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLED-PLASTIC PELLETS OBTAINED FROM DISPOSABLE FACE MASK WASTES

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Vienna Saraswaty ◽  
Rossy Choerun Nissa ◽  
Bonita Firdiana ◽  
Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Government ◽  
Plastic Pellets

THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RECYCLED-PLASTIC PELLETS OBTAINED FROM DISPOSABLE FACE MASK WASTES. The government policy to wear a face mask during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased disposable face mask wastes. Thus, to reduce such wastes, it is necessary to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of disposable face masks wastes before the recycling process and the recycled products. In this study, physicochemical characterization of the 3-ply disposable face masks and the recycled plastic pellets after disinfection using 0.5% v/v sodium hypochlorite were evaluated. A set of parameters including the characterization of surface morphology by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), functional groups properties by a fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal behavior by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile strength and elongation at break were evaluated. The surface morphological of each layer 3-ply disposable face mask showed that the layers were composed of non-woven fibers. The FT-IR evaluation revealed that 3-ply disposable face mask was made from a polypropylene. At the same time, the DSC analysis found that the polypropylene was in the form of homopolymer. The SEM analysis showed that the recycled plastic pellets showed a rough and uneven surface. The FT-IR, tensile strength and elongation at break of the recycled plastic pellets showed similarity with a virgin PP type CP442XP and a recycled PP from secondary recycling PP (COPLAST COMPANY). In summary, recycling 3-ply disposable face mask wastes to become plastic pellets is recommended for handling disposable face mask wastes problem.

scholarly journals Chemical and Physicochemical Characterization of Winter Squash (Cucurbita moschata D.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia JACOBO-VALENZUELA ◽  
Jose de Jesus ZAZUETA-MORALES ◽  
Jose Alberto GALLEGOS-INFANTE ◽  
Floridelia AGUILAR-GUTIERREZ ◽  
Irma Leticia CAMACHO-HERNANDEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Winter Squash

Winter squash cv 'Cehualca' (Cucurbita moschata Duchense) is a seasonal crop that has been used as food and animal feed. The objective of the present study was to characterize physical, chemical and physicochemical properties of the winter squash cv 'Cehualca'. Morphological, chemical and physicochemical analyses were performed, including fiber, carotenoids, phenolic and mineral contents in the winter squash. The morphological analysis showed that the squash 'Cehualca' did not have a homogeneous morphology. Data about their physical and physicochemical characteristics showed large variability. Also, high content of carotenoids and dietary fiber was observed in squash. The oil and total phenolic content was low in comparison with other fruits. The mineral content exceeded the values recommended to meet the nutritional needs of consumers, except for sodium (both in pulp and shell), potassium and magnesium in the shell.

Physicochemical Characterization of Oxidatively Degraded Calcium Lignosulfonate via Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Hong Hu ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Cai Ying Bo ◽  
Bing Chuan Liang ◽  
Yong Hong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir

In order to increase the application prospect of calcium lignosulfonate in phenolic resin, Calcium lignosulfonate was oxidatively degraded by Hydrogen peroxide under alkaline condition. Both lignins were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV, GC-MS and GPC. The optimal degradation conditions are: lignosulfonate:water=1:1, wt/wt, pH=10, temperature 60 °C, reaction time 2 h, and H2O2 dosage 6 wt% (based on weight of lignosulfonate). The results show that the degraded resultant is higher in phenolic contents, and lower in methoxyl content. Number molecular weight (Mn) of calcium lignosulfonate sharply decreases to 2294, versus 17774 before oxidative degradation.Guaiacly monoer content increased and kinds of phenolic compounds occurre in oxidative degradation fractions, mainly due to β-O-4 and β-5 cleavage. And reactive activity of the oxidatively degraded compounds is sharply increased.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of the pulp oil of bacuri Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng. (Arecaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michelle Cardoso Coimbra ◽  
Débora Maria Moreno Luzia ◽  
Neuza Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Phenolic

The aim of the study was to characterize the pulp oil of bacuri Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng. (Arecaceae) according to official analytical methods. Total phenolic and carotenoids contents were evaluated by spectrophotometry, and tocopherols composition by high-performance liquid chromatography. The fatty acid profile was obtained through gas chromatography from samples transesterified with potassium hydroxide in methanol and n-hexane. According to the proximate composition, bacuri pulp contained 41.5 % carbohydrates and 39.2 % lipids. Regarding its physicochemical properties, the oil showed a free fatty acids content of 0.7 %, a peroxide value of 1.4 meq/kg, a refractive index of 1.463, an iodine number of 84.3 g I2/100 g, a saponification number of 193.5 mg KOH/g, an unsaponifiable matter of 0.5 %, and 48.7 h of oxidative stability. Total phenolic, carotenoids, and tocopherols contents recorded values of 2.4 mg GAE/g, 243.0 µg/g, and 86.8 mg/kg, respectively. The bacuri oil showed a fatty acid composition similar to olive oil and a high percentage of unsaturation, finding 67.3 % of monounsaturated acids, and 11.3 % of polyunsaturated acids. The main fatty acids were oleic (67.3 %), palmitic (13.3 %), and linoleic (10.5 %). Due to its physicochemical characteristics, bacuri oil has a great potential to be used in food preparations, such as salad oil or in margarine formulation.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of different trademarks of compound Yerba Maté and their herbs

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griselda Patricia Scipioni ◽  
Darío Jorge Ferreyra ◽  
Miguel Eduardo Schmalko
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Caffeine Concentration ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Aromatic Herbs

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of the main herbs used in the mixture of yerba maté with other aromatic herbs and the characterization of the trademarks of compound yerba maté. Moisture, water extract, total ash, acid-insoluble ash and caffeine concentration were determined. Results showed higher values of moisture content, total and aci-insoluble ash and lower water extracts in the herbs. Determinations were carried out in nine trademarks of compound yerba maté. In most cases they complied with the standards of the country with the exception of one trademark from Argentina.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cassava starch as raw material according to the characteristics of the granules

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e8491210879
Author(s):  
Daiana Cardoso de Oliveira ◽  
Helayne Aparecida Maieves ◽  
Cláudia Bernardo ◽  
Ismael Casagrande Bellettini ◽  
Bruna Barreto Remor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Different Soils

In this study, the physicochemical characteristics of starch extracted from ten different cultivars of cassava roots, from different soils, were investigated. There are significant (p<0.05) variations in the proportion of starch damaged during extraction, even in samples of the same cultivar. Amylose content differs among cultivars and even within the same cultivar harvested in different soils (varying from 20.00 to 24.07%). According to the type of soil the starch samples showed distinct values for the crystallinity index. This indicates the need for the physicochemical characterization of starch samples to be carried out even when they originate from the same cultivar. The results obtained can be used as support tools for improvement of cassava genetics, optimizing the process of selection and maintenance of a genetic bank. The results, coupled with chemometric analyses (PCAs and clusters), allowed to distinguish cultivars according to their physicochemical and functional peculiarities, suggesting their potential to be used by industries and as food.

scholarly journals Natural sparkling guava wine: volatile and physicochemical characterization

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Maria Michelin Bertagnolli ◽  
Gabrieli Bernardi ◽  
Jossiê Zamperetti Donadel ◽  
Aline de Oliveira Fogaça ◽  
Roger Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Butyl Acetate ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Ethyl Octanoate ◽  
Phenethyl Acetate

ABSTRACT: Although different tropical fruit species have been used in the development of fermented beverages, there are only few references in the literature to the production of natural sparkling wines from fruits other than grapes. In this sense, the objective of the present research was the development and physicochemical and volatile characterization of a natural sparkling guava wine produced by the champenoise method. Volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry using the headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique on samples. Eighty-nine volatile compounds were detected, of which 51 were identified. Esters were the predominant class of volatile compounds (a total of 26), followed by alcohols (10), terpenes (9), ketones (3), and acids (3). Volatile compounds with possible odoriferous activity were reported in the beverage, including ethyl octanoate, ethyl 5-hexenoate, phenethyl acetate, (E)-β-damascenone, (E)-ethyl cinnamate, 2-methyl butyl acetate, 3-methylbutanol, ethyl 3-(E)-hexenoate, and methyl 5-hexenoate. Natural sparkling guava wine produced showed a complex composition of fruity and floral aromas. Furthermore, the use of the champenoise method, traditionally applied to grapes, enabled the manufacture of a natural sparkling guava wine with physicochemical characteristics equivalent to those of sparkling wines made from grapes.

scholarly journals The Physicochemical Characteristics of Smart Food Bars Enriched with Moringa Leaf Extract And Chitosan as An Emergency Food in Disaster Times

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Hamidin Rasulu ◽  
Juharnib Juharnib
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Solid Form ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

Emergency food products are processed food specifically designed to meet human daily needs of at least 2500 Kcal/day. One of the emergency food products, namely food bars, is a high-calorie food product, enriched with other nutrients and produced in solid form. The packaging of food bars designed in a small size makes their distribution relatively easy. The purpose of this study was to characterize the emergency food products of smart food bars by utilizing local food ingredients, including flour, mackerel fish flour, moringa leaf extract, and coconut crab chitosan at various concentrations. Furthermore, it delved into the formulation and physicochemical characterization of the best smart food bars as an emergency food by substituting cassava flour and skipjack tuna flour enriched with moringa leaf extract and coconut crab chitosan. This research used a completely randomized factorial design by combining treatments with cassava flour and skipjack fish flour as well as a combination of treatment with moringa leaf extract and the addition of coconut crab chitosan (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% 20%). The results showed that the N3 treatment (15% moringa leaf extract and chitosan) with a texture value of 2,768 N/m, color values (L*, a*, b*) were 63.35, 5.30, and 11.91, respectively. The findings also highlighted  13.29% protein, 17.80% fat, 6.55% water, 0.96% ash, 60.76% carbohydrates, 7.41% antioxidants, and total calories of 230.57 kcal. The study has concluded that the use of moringa leaf extract and coconut crab chitosan can enhance the characteristics of smart food bars as emergency food during disasters.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of municipal wastewater slaughterhouse for the implementation of a suitable treatment (Maradi city -Niger Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 3656-3661
Author(s):  
Hassidou Saidou ◽  
Abass Maifada
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The goal of this study is to determine physicochemical characteristics of the effluent of the municipal slaughter-house of the Maradi city and to recommend a suitable treatment allowing it’s recycling, thus reducing the harmful effect which undergoes the receiving environment. The experimental results obtained showed that average values of pH, temperature, turbidity and conductivity are respectively of 7.3, 26.6°C, 326 NTU and 4720 µs/cm. Average concentrations in phosphorus, phosphate, nitrite, nitrate, calcium, calcium carbonate, magnesium, iron, fluor and organic matter, in milligram per liter, are: 0.73, 2.23, 1.7, 211.64, 148.33, 8.53, 42, 9.24, 0.15, 32.08 and 426.67, respectively.

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