THE RATE OF DISCHARGE OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE AS DETERMINED BY TIMED HYPOPHYSECTOMY IN THE RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 929-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. H. Long ◽  
M. F. M. Bonnycastle
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Pituitary Fossa ◽  
Unilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
Humoral Mechanism ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Secretory Pattern

The pattern of secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has been studied by opening the pituitary fossa of rats 36 hours before unilateral adrenalectomy. At selected intervals afterwards, the pituitary gland was removed and the effect on the fall in the ascorbic acid content of the remaining adrenal gland was determined. It was found that ACTH discharge is initiated with great rapidity and that the secretory pattern is a biphasic one. The first phase continues for about 5 minutes and then declines. It is succeeded by a second period of secretion that is much more prolonged. It is suggested that these results support the view that both a neural or neural–humoral and a purely humoral mechanism participate in the regulation of ACTH secretion.

THE RATE OF DISCHARGE OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE AS DETERMINED BY TIMED HYPOPHYSECTOMY IN THE RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 929-933
Author(s):  
C. N. H. Long ◽  
M. F. M. Bonnycastle
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Pituitary Fossa ◽  
Unilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
Humoral Mechanism ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Secretory Pattern

The pattern of secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has been studied by opening the pituitary fossa of rats 36 hours before unilateral adrenalectomy. At selected intervals afterwards, the pituitary gland was removed and the effect on the fall in the ascorbic acid content of the remaining adrenal gland was determined. It was found that ACTH discharge is initiated with great rapidity and that the secretory pattern is a biphasic one. The first phase continues for about 5 minutes and then declines. It is succeeded by a second period of secretion that is much more prolonged. It is suggested that these results support the view that both a neural or neural–humoral and a purely humoral mechanism participate in the regulation of ACTH secretion.

THE ADRENAL REPONSE OF HAMSTERS, GERBILS AND RATS TO EXOGENOUS CORTICOTROPHIN OR UNILATERAL ADRENALECTOMY

1967 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Robinson ◽  
Russel J. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Mongolian Gerbil ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Unilateral Adrenalectomy

ABSTRACT Either unilateral or sham adrenalectomy caused a marked decrease in the ascorbic acid content of the remaining adrenal gland of the rat. An even greater drop of this constituent was obtained one hour after the administration of 10 IU of corticotrophin. Rat adrenal cholesterol was somewhat less responsive to the above treatment. Unilateral or sham adrenalectomy had no significant effect on adrenal ascorbic acid or cholesterol in the hamster. Twenty IU of corticotrophin caused a 20% drop in hamster adrenal cholesterol whereas 10 IU did not. The response of the Mongolian gerbil to corticotrophin or adrenalectomy, either unilateral or sham, was approximately the same as that of the rat.

Effects of intrahypothalamic crystalline steroids on acute ACTH secretion

1963 ◽  
Vol 205 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Chowers ◽  
Shaul Feldman ◽  
Julian M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Unilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
Cortisol Implants

The respective roles of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, in the inhibition of adrenocorticotropin secretion by corticoids, were studied by implanting small quantities of crystalline cortisol acetate in the median eminence region and pituitary of male rats. Adrenal weights and adrenal ascorbic acid depletion (AAAD) in response to the acute stress of unilateral adrenalectomy were measured 5, 10, 13, or 21 days postoperatively. Ten days following implantation in the hypothalamus, rats showed adrenal atrophy and inhibition of AAAD. Normal AAAD and slight adrenal hypertrophy were found 10 days after similar implantation of testosterone propionate in the median eminence. Animals with cortisol implants in the pituitary had normal adrenal weights and AAAD responses at this time. In rats with cortisol implants in the hypothalamus, an inhibition of AAAD was present after 5–6 days, had increased maximally at 13 days, and returned to normal at 21 days. Adrenal atrophy, however, was first noted at 10 days and adrenal weight continued to decline throughout the experimental period.

ON THE MECHANISM OF THE ADRENAL GLAND RESPONSE TO ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE IN HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Staehelin ◽  
P. Barthe ◽  
P. A. Desaulles
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Acid Output ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Corticosterone Secretion ◽  
Metabolic Block ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT The adrenal gland response to natural or synthetic adrenocorticotrophic hormone was studied at various periods after hypophysectomy. Adrenal ascorbic acid depletion was observed following the administration of ACTH at all intervals up to 10 days. In contrast, the capacity to respond to ACTH by an increase in corticosterone secretion was rapidly lost. Experiments with rat adrenal slices in vitro showed that the capacity to form corticosteroids following the addition of ACTH or 3′,5′-cyclic-AMP is rapidly lost after hypophysectomy, but that the adrenal slices are still capable of producing corticosterone if NADP and glucose-6-phosphate are added to the medium. It is concluded that the adrenal gland is still capable of responding to the action of ACTH for a considerable time after hypophysectomy, but that due to a metabolic block prior to the formation of NADPH, the adrenal is no longer capable of reacting by a further increase in corticosterone production. In addition, it was found that the effects of ACTH on blood flow and ascorbic acid output were parallel. Both effects were dose-dependent, but independent of any concomitant corticosterone secretion, and persisted during the whole period studied after hypophysectomy.

THE EFFECT OF CORTISONE ACETATE ON THE SECRETION OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE BY THE ADENOHYPOPHYSIS

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. HODGES
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Cortisone Acetate ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Unilateral Adrenalectomy

SUMMARY 1. Cortisone acetate suspension, administered subcutaneously or orally to rats, caused no changes in adrenal ascorbic acid concentration. Intraperitoneal injections of cortisone acetate suspension caused profound adrenal ascorbic acid depletion, which was apparently due to a non-specific effect caused by the intraperitoneal administration of suspended matter. 2. Pretreatment of rats with large doses of cortisone acetate diminished, but did not prevent completely, the adrenal ascorbic acid depletion normally caused by unilateral adrenalectomy.

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