Effects of culture conditions and biofilm formation on the iodine susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari L. Cargill ◽  
Barry H. Pyle ◽  
Richard L. Sauer ◽  
Gordon A. McFeters
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
T Values

The susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila to iodination was studied with cultures grown in well water, on rich agar media, and attached to stainless-steel surfaces. Legionella pneumophila grown in water cultures in association with other microorganisms were less sensitive to disinfection by chlorine and iodine than were agar-passaged cultures. Differences in sensitivity to disinfection between water-cultured and agar-grown legionellae were determined by comparing C × T values (concentration in milligrams per litre multiplied by time in minutes to achieve 99% decrease in viability)and CM × T values (concentration in molarity). Iodine (1500×) gave a greater difference in CM × T values than did chlorine (68×). Iodine was 50 times more effective than chlorine when used with agar-grown cultures but was only twice as effective when tested against water-grown Legionella cultures. C × T × S values (C × T multiplied by percent survivors), which take into consideration the percent surviving bacteria, were used to compare sensitivities in very resistant populations, such as those in biofilms. Water cultures of legionellae associated with stainless-steel surfaces were 135 times more resistant to iodination than were unattached legionellae, and they were 210 000 times more resistant than were agar-grown cultures. These results indicate that the conditions under which legionellae are grown can dramatically affect their susceptibility to some disinfectants and must be considered when evaluating the efficacy of a disinfecting agent. Key words: Legionella pneumophila, iodine, disinfection, growth conditions, biofilms, water.

Nanoengineered Superhydrophobic Surfaces to Prevent Adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes for Improved Food Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1401-1407
Author(s):  
Bog Eum Lee ◽  
Youngsang You ◽  
Won Choi ◽  
Eun-mi Hong ◽  
Marisa M. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Electrochemical Etching ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Superhydrophobic Surfaces ◽  
List Type ◽  
Ptfe Film ◽  
Steel Surfaces

HighlightsNanoporous superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated using electrochemical etching and Teflon coating.Adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes to the nanoengineered stainless steel surfaces was reduced.Self-cleanable food-contact surfaces prevent bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation.Abstract. Bacterial attachment on solid surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation is a significant problem in the food industry. Superhydrophobic surfaces have potential to prevent bacterial adhesion by minimizing the contact area between bacterial cells and the surface. In this study, stainless steel-based superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated by manipulating nanostructures with electrochemical etching and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film. The formation of nanostructures on stainless steel surfaces was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The stainless steel surfaces etched at 10 V for 5 min and at 10 V for 10 min with PTFE deposition resulted in average water contact angles of 154° ±4° with pore diameters of 50 nm. In addition, adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes was decreased by up to 99% compared to the bare substrate. These findings demonstrate the potential for the development of antibacterial surfaces by combining nanoporous patterns with PTFE films. Keywords: Electrochemical etching, PTFE, Nanoengineered surface, L. monocytogenes, Superhydrophobic.

scholarly journals N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine Affects Growth, Extracellular Polysaccharide Production, and Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Solid Surfaces

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 4814-4822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Cathrin Olofsson ◽  
Malte Hermansson ◽  
Hans Elwing
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Initial Adhesion ◽  
Interesting Candidate ◽  
Steel Surfaces

ABSTRACT N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) is used in medical treatment of patients with chronic bronchitis. The positive effects of NAC treatment have primarily been attributed to the mucus-dissolving properties of NAC, as well as its ability to decrease biofilm formation, which reduces bacterial infections. Our results suggest that NAC also may be an interesting candidate for use as an agent to reduce and prevent biofilm formation on stainless steel surfaces in environments typical of paper mill plants. Using 10 different bacterial strains isolated from a paper mill, we found that the mode of action of NAC is chemical, as well as biological, in the case of bacterial adhesion to stainless steel surfaces. The initial adhesion of bacteria is dependent on the wettability of the substratum. NAC was shown to bind to stainless steel, increasing the wettability of the surface. Moreover, NAC decreased bacterial adhesion and even detached bacteria that were adhering to stainless steel surfaces. Growth of various bacteria, as monocultures or in a multispecies community, was inhibited at different concentrations of NAC. We also found that there was no detectable degradation of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) by NAC, indicating that NAC reduced the production of EPS, in most bacteria tested, even at concentrations at which growth was not affected. Altogether, the presence of NAC changes the texture of the biofilm formed and makes NAC an interesting candidate for use as a general inhibitor of formation of bacterial biofilms on stainless steel surfaces.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation byMycobacterium bovis: Influence of Surface Kind and Temperatures of Sanitizer Treatments on Biofilm Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria O. Adetunji ◽  
Aderemi O. Kehinde ◽  
Olayemi K. Bolatito ◽  
Jinru Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Binding Assay ◽  
Liver Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
Steel Surfaces

Mycobacterium boviscauses classic bovine tuberculosis, a zoonosis which is still a concern in Africa. Biofilm forming ability of twoMycobacterium bovisstrains was assessed on coupons of cement, ceramic, or stainless steel in three different microbiological media at 37°C with agitation for 2, 3, or 4 weeks to determine the medium that promotes biofilm. Biofilm mass accumulated on coupons was treated with 2 sanitizers (sanitizer A (5.5 mg L−1active iodine) and sanitizer B (170.6 g1alkyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, 78 g−1didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride, 107.25 g L−1glutaraldehyde, 146.25 g L−1isopropanol, and 20 g L−1pine oil) at 28 and 45°C and in hot water at 85°C for 5 min. Residual biofilms on treated coupons were quantified using crystal violet binding assay. The two strains had a similar ability to form biofilms on the three surfaces. More biofilms were developed in media containing 5% liver extract. Biofilm mass increased as incubation time increased till the 3rd week. More biofilms were formed on cement than on ceramic and stainless steel surfaces. Treatment with hot water at 85°C reduced biofilm mass, however, sanitizing treatments at 45°C removed more biofilms than at 28°C. However, neither treatment completely eliminated the biofilms. The choice of processing surface and temperatures used for sanitizing treatments had an impact on biofilm formation and its removal from solid surfaces.

Identification of lactobacilli with inhibitory effect on biofilm formation by pathogenic bacteria on stainless steel surfaces

2014 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Ait Ouali ◽  
Imad Al Kassaa ◽  
Benoit Cudennec ◽  
Marwan Abdallah ◽  
Farida Bendali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Steel Surfaces

Scanning Electron Microscopic Examination of Yersinia enterocolitica Attached to Stainless Steel at Selected Temperatures and pH values1

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULA J. HERALD ◽  
EDMUND A. ZOTTOLA
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
Scanning Electron

Attachment of Yersinia enterocolitica to stainless steel surfaces at 35, 21, and 10°C was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cells adhered at all three temperatures, but, in general, the greatest number of adhered cells were observed at pH 8 and 21°C. Multi-flagellated cells were noted under these growth conditions. When grown at pH 9.5 and 21°C, fibrils were observed between cells and extending to the stainless steel surface. Fewer cells with flagella were seen at this pH. Adherence may be related to the flagella and any exopolymer surrounding the cells.

scholarly journals Fire Ant Venom Alkaloids Inhibit Biofilm Formation

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Bruno de Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Gonçalves Paterson Fox ◽  
Diogo Gama dos Santos ◽  
Joab Sampaio de Sousa ◽  
Denise Maria Guimarães Freire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Fire Ant ◽  
Ant Venom ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
Adhesion Inhibition ◽  
Medical Health

Biofilm formation on exposed surfaces is a serious issue for the food industry and medical health facilities. There are many proposed strategies to delay, reduce, or even eliminate biofilm formation on surfaces. The present study focuses on the applicability of fire ant venom alkaloids (aka ‘solenopsins’, from Solenopsis invicta) tested on polystyrene and stainless steel surfaces relative to the adhesion and biofilm-formation by the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. Conditioning with solenopsins demonstrates significant reduction of bacterial adhesion. Inhibition rates were 62.7% on polystyrene and 59.0% on stainless steel surfaces. In addition, solenopsins drastically reduced cell populations already growing on conditioned surfaces. Contrary to assumptions by previous authors, solenopsins tested negative for amphipathic properties, thus understanding the mechanisms behind the observed effects still relies on further investigation.

Inhibitory Activity ofPaenibacillus polymyxaon the Biofilm Formation ofCronobacterspp. on Stainless Steel Surfaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. M1036-M1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soonwook Yang ◽  
Seonhwa Kim ◽  
Jee-Hoon Ryu ◽  
Hoikyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Steel Surfaces
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