Recovery of Bacteroides fragilis group from clinical specimens following antimicrobial therapy

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Edith H. Frazier
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Bacteroides Ovatus

Over a period of 14 years (1973–1987), 3165 specimens submitted to the microbiology laboratory demonstrated the recovery of anaerobic bacteria. A total of 988 Bacteroides fragilis group isolates were recovered (0.3 isolates per specimen). Bacteroides fragilis accounted for 62% of the total of all B. fragilis group isolates, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron for 15%, Bacteroides vulgatus for 8%, Bacteroides ovatus for 7%, Bacteroides distasonis for 6%, and Bacteroides uniformis for 2%. Of the 988 B. fragilis group isolates, 310 (31%) were recovered after the administration of antimicrobial therapy, and 129 (13%) were the single isolate recovered from the infected site at that time. The recovery rate of all members of B. fragilis group after the administration of antimicrobial therapy, when isolated alone or when mixed with other bacteria, was similar. The data illustrate the equal ability of all members of the B. fragilis group to persist in and to contribute to the inflammatory process; and provide further support for their pathogenic role. Key words: Bacteroides fragilis, bacteremia, abscesses, antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Bacteroides fragilis Group in Canada in 2010-2011: CANWARD Surveillance Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Karlowsky ◽  
Andrew J. Walkty ◽  
Heather J. Adam ◽  
Melanie R. Baxter ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Bacteroides Ovatus

ABSTRACTClinical isolates of theBacteroides fragilisgroup (n= 387) were collected from patients attending nine Canadian hospitals in 2010-2011 and tested for susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution method.B. fragilis(59.9%),Bacteroides ovatus(16.3%), andBacteroides thetaiotaomicron(12.7%) accounted for ∼90% of isolates collected. Overall rates of percent susceptibility were as follows: 99.7%, metronidazole; 99.5%, piperacillin-tazobactam; 99.2%, imipenem; 97.7%, ertapenem; 92.0%, doripenem; 87.3%, amoxicillin-clavulanate; 80.9%, tigecycline; 65.9%, cefoxitin; 55.6%, moxifloxacin; and 52.2%, clindamycin. Percent susceptibility to cefoxitin, clindamycin, and moxifloxacin was lowest forB. thetaiotaomicron(n= 49, 24.5%),Parabacteroides distasonis/P. merdae(n= 11, 9.1%), andB. ovatus(n= 63, 31.8%), respectively. One isolate (B. thetaiotaomicron) was resistant to metronidazole, and two isolates (bothB. fragilis) were resistant to both piperacillin-tazobactam and imipenem. Since the last published surveillance study describing Canadian isolates ofB. fragilisgroup almost 20 years ago (A.-M. Bourgault et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36:343–347, 1992), rates of resistance have increased for amoxicillin-clavulanate, from 0.8% (1992) to 6.2% (2010-2011), and for clindamycin, from 9% (1992) to 34.1% (2010-2011).

Antianaerobic activity of the ketolide RU 64004 compared to activities of four macrolides, five beta-lactams, clindamycin, and metronidazole.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
L M Ednie ◽  
S K Spangler ◽  
M R Jacobs ◽  
P C Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Bacteroides Ovatus ◽  
Fusobacterium Varium

Agar dilution methodology (with added Oxyrase in the case of the macrolide group to allow incubation without added CO2) was used to compare the activity of RU 64004, a new ketolide, with the activities of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, amoxicillin with and without clavulanate, piperacillin with and without tazobactam, metronidazole, and imipenem against 379 anaerobes. Overall, RU 64004 yielded an MIC at which 50% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC50) of 1.0 microg/ml and an MIC90 of 16.0 microg/ml. In comparison, MIC50s and MIC90s of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin were 2.0 to 8.0 and >64.0 microg/ml, respectively. MICs of macrolides, including RU 64004, were higher for Bacteroides ovatus, Fusobacterium varium, Fusobacterium mortiferum, and Clostridium difficile than for the other species. RU 64004 was more active against gram-positive rods and cocci, Prevotella and Porphyromonas spp., and fusobacteria other than F. mortiferum and F. varium than against the Bacteroides fragilis group. Overall MIC50s and MIC90s (in micrograms per milliliter), respectively, of other compounds were as follows: clindamycin, 1.0 and 16.0; amoxicillin, 4.0 and 64.0; amoxicillin-clavulanate, 0.5 and 4.0; piperacillin, 8.0 and >64.0; piperacillin-tazobactam, 1.0 and 16.0; metronidazole, 1.0 and 4.0; and imipenem, 0.25 and 1.0.

scholarly journals Transfer of clindamicyn resistance between Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated from clinical specimens

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Cibele B. Mano de Carvalho ◽  
José Luciano B. Moreira ◽  
Maria Candida S. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Bacteroides Thetaiotaomicron ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Bacteroides Species ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group

Clindamycin resistance was trasferred by a conjugation-like process from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 52, a multiple antibiotic-resistant strain isolated from clinical specimens, to other Bacteroides species. A possible association between a plasmid detected in the donor strain and clindamycin resistance is discussed.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Anaerobe Clinical Isolates in Southeast Austria: Bacteroides fragilis Group Is on the Fast Track to Resistance

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Elisabeth König ◽  
Hans P. Ziegler ◽  
Julia Tribus ◽  
Andrea J. Grisold ◽  
Gebhard Feierl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Disk Diffusion Testing ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Human Infections

Anaerobic bacteria play an important role in human infections. Bacteroides spp. are some of the 15 most common pathogens causing nosocomial infections. We present antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results of 114 Gram-positive anaerobic isolates and 110 Bacteroides-fragilis-group-isolates (BFGI). Resistance profiles were determined by MIC gradient testing. Furthermore, we performed disk diffusion testing of BFGI and compared the results of the two methods. Within Gram-positive anaerobes, the highest resistance rates were found for clindamycin and moxifloxacin (21.9% and 16.7%, respectively), and resistance for beta-lactams and metronidazole was low (<1%). For BFGI, the highest resistance rates were also detected for clindamycin and moxifloxacin (50.9% and 36.4%, respectively). Resistance rates for piperacillin/tazobactam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were 10% and 7.3%, respectively. Two B. fragilis isolates were classified as multi-drug-resistant (MDR), with resistance against all tested beta-lactam antibiotics. The comparative study of 109 BFGI resulted in 130 discrepancies in 763 readings (17%) with a high number of Very Major Errors (VME) and Major Errors (ME). In summary, resistance rates, with the exception of clindamycin and moxifloxacin, are still low, but we are facing increasing resistance rates for BFGI. Surveillance studies on a regular basis are still recommended.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group strains to cefoxitin, cefoperazone and ticarcillin/clavulanate

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Aires PEIXOTO JÚNIOR ◽  
Márcia Maria de Negreiros P. ROCHA ◽  
José Luciano Bezerra MOREIRA ◽  
Cibele Barreto Mano de CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Isolated Species

A total of 40 strains of the B. fragilis group was isolated from clinical specimens in two hospital centers in Fortaleza from 1993 to 1997. The most frequently isolated species was Bacteroides fragilis (19 strains) and most isolates came from intra-abdominal and wound infections. The susceptibility profile was traced for cefoxitin, cefoperazone and ticarcillin-clavulanate by using the agar dilution reference method. All isolates were susceptible to ticarcillin-clavulanate (128/2mug/ml). Resistance rates of 15 and 70% were detected to cefoxitin (64mug/ml) and cefoperazone (64mug/ml), respectively. Such regional results permit a better orientation in choosing this group of antibiotics for prophylaxis and therapy especially in relation to cefoxitin, which is frequently used in the hospital centers studied.

scholarly journals gyrA Mutations Associated with Quinolone Resistance in Bacteroides fragilis Group Strains

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1977-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herin Oh ◽  
Nagwa El Amin ◽  
Todd Davies ◽  
Peter C. Appelbaum ◽  
Charlotta Edlund
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Agar Dilution

ABSTRACT Mutations in the gyrA gene contribute considerably to quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. Mechanisms for quinolone resistance in anaerobic bacteria are less well studied. TheBacteroides fragilis group are the anaerobic organisms most frequently isolated from patients with bacteremia and intraabdominal infections. Forty-four clinafloxacin-resistant and-susceptible fecal and clinical isolates of the B. fragilis group (eightBacteroides fragilis, three Bacteroides ovatus, five Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, six Bacteroides uniformis, and 22 Bacteroides vulgatus) and six ATCC strains of the B. fragilis group were analyzed as follows: (i) determination of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and clinafloxacin by the agar dilution method and (ii) sequencing of the gyrA quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) located between amino acid residues equivalent to Ala-67 through Gln-106 in E. coli. Amino acid substitutions were found at hotspots at positions 82 (n = 15) and 86 (n = 8). Strains with Ser82Leu substitutions (n = 13) were highly resistant to all quinolones tested. Mutations in other positions of gyrA were also frequently found in quinolone-resistant and -susceptible isolates. Eight clinical strains that lacked mutations in their QRDR were susceptible to at least two of the quinolones tested. Although newer quinolones have good antimicrobial activity against the B. fragilis group, quinolone resistance in B. fragilisstrains can be readily selected in vivo. Mutational events in the QRDR of gyrA seem to contribute to quinolone resistance inBacteroides species.

scholarly journals Improved Procedure for Transport of Dental Plaque Samples and Other Clinical Specimens Containing Anaerobic Bacteria

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-639
Author(s):  
Carol A. Spiegel ◽  
Glenn E. Minah ◽  
George N. Krywolap
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Specimens

An improved transport system for samples containing anaerobic bacteria was developed. This system increased the recovery rate of anaerobic bacteria up to 28.8% as compared to a commonly used method.

scholarly journals Numbers and types of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens since 1960

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
J W Holland ◽  
E O Hill ◽  
W A Altemeier
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Cumulative Data ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Isolated Species

Between 1960 and 1974, 826 specimens, excluding stool, urine, sputum, and blood, yielded 689 (83%) positive cultures, of which 403 (58.5%) contained anaerobic bacteria. This represents 48.8% of the total specimens cultured. Isolates from 153 specimens obtained and stocked from 1965 to 1974 were reidentified by current criteria. Gram-negative bacilli, primarily bacteroides, were the most frequently isolated anaerobes, being found in 70% of 153 anaerobe-positive specimens and accounting for 42% of the total anaerobes isolated. Gram-positive cocci were second in occurrence, being found in 66% of 153 specimens and accounting for 40% of the total isolates. Bacteroides fragilis was by far the most frequently isolated species. Compairson of 14 years of cumulative data with data from current studies covering 1- to 2-year periods indicated that the anaerobes isolated from clinical material have not changed significantly in type or relative numbers.

Bacteroides Fragilis: Current Susceptibilities, Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, and Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 567-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Cuchural ◽  
Francis P. Tally
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The Bacteroides fragilis group of organisms includes the most clinically important anaerobic bacteria. Optimal therapy of infections in which these organisms are involved includes adequate and timely surgical drainage of all collections, debridement of necrotic tissue, optimal nutritional support, and administration of appropriate empiric antibiotics to cover both the aerobic and anaerobic bacterial components of these mixed infections. Special attention must be paid to the B. fragilis group because of its high rate of resistance to many of the commonly used antibiotics. Of the currently available beta-lactam antibiotics, piperacillin has the lowest rate of resistance. Successful antimicrobial agents include clindamycin, chloramphenicol, and metronidazole plus an aminoglycoside. Piperacillin, cefoxitin, and moxalactam can be used with an aminoglycoside or alone if no resistant organisms are revealed on culture and susceptibility testing. Beta-lactam-based regimens are potentially less toxic and may be less costly than those that contain one or more non-beta-lactam antibiotics.

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