Homology among bacterial catalase genes

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Switala ◽  
Barbara L. Triggs-Raine ◽  
Peter C. Loewen
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Homologous Sequences ◽  
Key Words Catalase

Catalase activities in crude extracts of exponential and stationary phase cultures of various bacteria were visualized following gel electrophoresis for comparison with the enzymes from Escherichia coli. Citrobacter freundii, Edwardsiella tarda, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium exhibited patterns of catalase activity similar to E. coli, including bifunctional HPI-like bands and a monofunctional HPII-like band. Proteus mirabilis, Erwinia carotovora, and Serratia marcescens contained a single band of monofunctional catalase with a mobility intermediate between the HPI-like and HPII-like bands. The cloned genes for catalases HPI (katG) and HPII (katE) from E. coli were used as probes in Southern hybridization analyses for homologous sequences in genomic DNA of the same bacteria. katG was found to hybridize with fragments from C. freundii, Ent. aerogenes, Sal. typhimurium, and K. pneumoniae but not at all with Ed. tarda, P. mirabilis, S. marcesens, or Er. carotovora. katE hydridized with C. freundii and K. pneumoniae DNAs and not with the other bacterial DNAs. Key words: catalase genes, bacteria, homology.

scholarly journals Fatores de risco e perfil do uso de antimicrobianos entre pacientes com infecção no trato urinário em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e43910313516
Author(s):  
Lucas Harassim ◽  
Olibio Lopes Fiebig da Silva ◽  
Luiz Felipe Soares Pinheiro ◽  
Elber José Assaiante dos Santos ◽  
Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

A Infecção no Trato Urinário (ITU) acometendo pacientes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs) é uma realidade preocupante, agravada pelo uso irracional de antimicrobianos e a alarmante multirresistência em microrganismos. Nós avaliamos o nível de assertividade quanto ao uso de antimicrobianos durante à antibioticoterapia empírica (ATE), em pacientes diagnosticados com ITU, comparando tal tratamento farmacológico empírico e o realizado após o antibiograma (antibioticoterapia direcionada), além disto, estimamos a prevalência dos agentes etiológicos e analisamos os fatores de risco associados. Este é um estudo observacional e transversal, realizado em 2015, no qual foram avaliados pacientes de ambos os sexos e todas as idades apresentando ITU e submetidos à antibioticoterapia, internados em uma UTI de um hospital no sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Dos 49 pacientes avaliados (28 mulheres [M] e 21 homens [H]), a média de idade foi 55±19 anos (IC(95) 49-61) e a faixa etária ≥70 anos foi a predominante. Quatorze diferentes microrganismos foram causadores de ITUs, sendo que 28,3% (IC(95%) 16,2-40,4) dos isolados clínicos tiveram Escherichia coli como o agente etiológico (33,3% H e 28,6% M); 18,9% (IC(95%) 8,3-29,4) Acinetobacter baumannii (33,3% H e 10,7% M); 15,1% (IC(95%) 5,5-24,7) Klebsiella pneumoniae (19% H e 14,3% M); 11,3% Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9,5% H e 14,3% M); 5,7% Enterobacter aerogenes (14,3% H); 3,8% Klebsiella oxytoca; 3,8% Staphylococcus aureus (7,1% M); e 1,9% para cada um dos seguintes microrganismos: Enterococcus faecalis (4,8% H); Proteus mirabilis (3,6% M); Enterobacter cloacae (3,6% M); Providencia rettgeri (4,8% H); Citrobacter koseri (3,6% M); Citrobacter freundii (3,6% M); e Fungos leveduriformes (4,8% H). As prevalências de ITUs causadas por A. baumannii e P. aeruginosa foram influenciadas pelo sexo (χ² com p<0,001). No sexo masculino, houve correlações positivas “substanciais” entre o aumento da idade (em anos) e a prevalência de ITU causada por E. coli (r = 0,69) ou entre idades menos avançadas e a prevalência de ITU causada por A. baumannii (r = -0,7). No sexo feminino, houve uma correlação positiva “extremamente forte” entre o aumento da idade e a prevalência de ITU causada por E. coli (r = 0,94; IC(95) 0,66-0,99; p<0,0014). Os antibióticos mais utilizados de forma empírica (ATE) foram: Ciprofloxacina (14,3% IC(95%) 4,7-24,1), Cefepima (14,3%) e Vancomicina (10%), e após o antibiograma (antibioticoterapia direcionada): Ceftazidima (16,3% IC(95%) 6-26,7), Ciprofloxacina (14,3% IC(95%) 4,5-24,1), Polimixina B (10,2%), Imipenem (10,2%) e Ampicilina + Sulbac. (8,2%). Em 20% dos casos, as terapias empíricas (ATE) foram consideradas “inapropriadas/não acertadas”. Contudo, também devemos ter ciência da necessidade clínica e quanto ao imediatismo para o tratamento de uma ITU em UTI, uma vez que a doença pode ser fatal se uma terapia não for instituída, portanto, nós aconselhamos avaliações mais minuciosas, tanto da racionalidade do uso de antibióticos, quanto dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de ITUs em UTIs.

scholarly journals Chromosomally Encoded AmpC-Type β-Lactamase in a Clinical Isolate of Proteus mirabilis

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1110-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bret ◽  
C. Chanal-Claris ◽  
D. Sirot ◽  
E. B. Chaibi ◽  
R. Labia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Clinical Strain ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dna Fragment ◽  
Urine Specimens

ABSTRACT A clinical strain of Proteus mirabilis (CF09) isolated from urine specimens of a patient displayed resistance to amoxicillin (MIC >4,096 μg/ml), ticarcillin (4,096 μg/ml), cefoxitin (64 μg/ml), cefotaxime (256 μg/ml), and ceftazidime (128 μg/ml) and required an elevated MIC of aztreonam (4 μg/ml). Clavulanic acid did not act synergistically with cephalosporins. Two β-lactamases with apparent pIs of 5.6 and 9.0 were identified by isoelectric focusing on a gel. Substrate and inhibition profiles were characteristic of an AmpC-type β-lactamase with a pI of 9.0. Amplification by PCR with primers for ampC genes (Escherichia coli,Enterobacter cloacae, and Citrobacter freundii) of a 756-bp DNA fragment from strain CF09 was obtained only withC. freundii-specific primers. Hybridization results showed that the ampC gene is only chromosomally located while theTEM gene is plasmid located. After cloning of the gene, analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence (1,146 bp) showed that this ampC gene is close tobla CMY-2, from which it differs by three point mutations leading to amino acid substitutions Glu → Gly at position 22, Trp → Arg at position 201, and Ser → Asn at position 343. AmpC β-lactamases derived from that of C. freundii (LAT-1, LAT-2, BIL-1, and CMY-2) have been found in Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, and Enterobacter aerogenes and have been reported to be plasmid borne. This is the first example of a chromosomally encoded AmpC-type β-lactamase observed in P. mirabilis. We suggest that it be designated CMY-3.

scholarly journals Genotype Analysis of Escherichia coliStrains Isolated from Children and Chickens Living in Close Contact

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kariuki ◽  
C. Gilks ◽  
J. Kimari ◽  
A. Obanda ◽  
J. Muyodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Endonuclease Digestion

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli isolates from rectal swabs from 62 chickens and stools from 42 children living in close contact with chickens on the same farms in Kiambu district, Kenya, were compared for their genetic relatedness. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles broadly categorized isolates from the children and from the chickens into two separate clusters: the majority (144; 85.5%) of the E. coli isolates from children were multidrug resistant, while the majority (216; 87.1%) of the E. coli isolates from chickens were either fully susceptible or resistant only to tetracycline. Sixty- and 100- to 110-MDA plasmids were found to encode the transferable resistance to co-trimoxazole and tetracycline.HindIII restriction endonuclease digestion of the 60- and 100- to 110-MDA plasmids produced four distinct patterns for isolates from children and three distinct patterns for isolates from chickens.XbaI digestion of genomic DNA followed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis produced 14 distinct clusters. There were six distinct PFGE clusters among the isolates from children, while among the isolates from chickens there were seven distinct clusters. Only one PFGE cluster contained isolates from both children and chickens, with the isolates displaying an approximately 60% coefficient of similarity. This study showed that although several different genotypes of E. coli were isolated from children and chickens from the same farms, the E. colistrains from these two sources were distinct.

scholarly journals CMY-16, a Novel Acquired AmpC-Type β-Lactamase of the CMY/LAT Lineage in Multifocal Monophyletic Isolates of Proteus mirabilis from Northern Italy

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco M. D'Andrea ◽  
Elisabetta Nucleo ◽  
Francesco Luzzaro ◽  
Tommaso Giani ◽  
Roberta Migliavacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Random Amplification

ABSTRACT We report multifocal detection (four different cities in northern Italy) of Proteus mirabilis isolates resistant to both oxyimino- and 7-α-methoxy-cephalosporins and producing a novel acquired AmpC-like β-lactamase. The enzyme, named CMY-16, is a variant of the CMY/LAT lineage, which differs from the closest homologues, CMY-4 and CMY-12, by a single amino acid substitution (A171S or N363S, respectively) and from CMY-2 by two substitutions (A171S and W221R). Expression of the cloned bla CMY-16 gene in Escherichia coli decreased susceptibility to penicillins, cephalosporins, and aztreonam. Tazobactam was more effective than clavulanate at antagonizing the enzyme activity. Genotyping, by random amplification of polymorphic DNA and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA digested with SfiI, showed that isolates were clonally related to each other, although not identical. The bla CMY-16 gene was not transferable to E. coli by conjugation or transformation. In all isolates, it was chromosomally located and inserted in a conserved genetic environment. PCR mapping experiments revealed that the bla CMY-16 was flanked by ISEcp1 and the blc gene, similar to other genes of this lineage from plasmids of Salmonella enterica, Klebsiella spp., and E. coli. Overall, these results revealed multifocal spreading of a CMY-16-producing P. mirabilis clone in northern Italy. This finding represents the first report of an acquired AmpC-like β-lactamase in Proteus mirabilis from Italy and underscores the emergence of similar resistance determinants in the European setting.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli Enteropatógena en Crías de Primate Aotus (Aotidae) con Diarrea en Cautiverio

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Nofre Sánchez P. ◽  
Isabel Arias B. ◽  
Hugo Gálvez C. ◽  
Victoria Carranza ◽  
Arnulfo Romaina R.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
E Coli

<p>La diarrea es el signo más frecuente de enfermedad gastrointestinal en crías de primates mantenidas en cautiverio. El estudio tuvo como objetivo aislar e identificar especies bacterianas presentes en crías de <em>Aotus </em>con diarrea que son criadas en cautiverio con fines experimentales. Se tomaron muestras de heces mediante hisopado rectal a 78 ejemplares de 1 a 7 meses de edad de <em>A. nancymae </em>(n=65) y <em>A. vociferans</em> (n=13) con diarrea y a 29 ejemplares de 1 mes de edad, aparentemente sanos de <em>A. nancymae </em>(n=21)<em> </em>y <em>A. vociferans</em> (n=8), durante el periodo de 2002 a 2005. En el grupo control se identificó principalmente <em>E. coli</em>, además de <em>Proteus vulgaris</em>, <em>P. mirabilis</em> y <em>Citrobacter freundii</em>. Resultado similar fue registrado en el grupo con diarrea, además de <em>Klebsiella oxitoca y Enterobacter aerogenes. </em>Los serotipos de <em>E. coli</em> enteropatógena (EPEC) identificados en el grupo con diarrea fueron siete: O158, O142, O86, O125, O126, O55 y O111. Los resultados indican que las crías con diarrea tienen bacterias que corresponden a la flora intestinal normal, siendo <em>E. coli </em>la de mayor frecuencia.</p>

scholarly journals Bacteriological Quality Assessment and Antibiogram Profile of Bacteria Associated with Sachet Drinking Water Sold at Zaria, Northern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
M. Umar ◽  
J. Kambai ◽  
I. B. Mohammed ◽  
J. O. Oko ◽  
A. A. Obafemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Statistical Relationship ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Sachet Water

Aims: Bacteriological quality assessment and antibiogram profile of bacteria associated with sachet drinking water was carried out with view to determine the bacterial load and fitness of the water sold in the study area for human consumption. Materials and Methods: Ten samples of different brands were aseptically collected and analyzed using heterotrophic count and most probable number technique. The isolated bacteria were microscopically and biochemically characterized and finally confirmed using Box™ Easygel® E. coli Quantitube™ Test Kit (Micrology Laboratories manufactures, Easygel®, USA) biotyping. Physicochemical analysis of the samples was done using standard methods. The isolated bacteria were screened for antimicrobial susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: The total heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from 1.0×102 to 3.0×102 cfu/ml, with MPN/100ml values ranged from <0.03 to 1.2. The temperature ranged from 8 to 18°C, at the pH range of 5.0 to 7.6. The findings showed that, high temperatures and pH was associated with high bacterial counts. There was no statistical relationship between microbial loads and the temperature (p= 0.454) of the analyzed sachet water. Also, there was no statistical relationship between microbial loads and pH (p= 0.446) of the sachet water. The bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella sp, Citrobacter freundii and Proteus vulgaris. Most 9 (90%) of the water analyzed fell within the statutory limits. While, the remaining 1 (10%) fell within the contamination level, which recorded high bacterial counts beyond the standard of safe drinking water set by water and food regulatory bodies. Conclusion: The isolation of E. coli and Salmonella sp. in sample brand “A” in this study is an indication that if not promptly checked, an outbreak could occur in the near future. All the isolates are susceptible to variety of antibiotics used, except Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella sp. and Citrobacter freundii which recorded resistance to amoxicillin, and Proteus vulgaris which recorded multidrug resistance.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO MICROBIOLÓGICA DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DO CÓRREGO SÃO JOÃO, PORTO NACIONAL-TO, BRASIL.

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Kleiber Pessoa Borges ◽  
Aparecido Osdimir Bertolin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Serratia Odorifera ◽  
Citrobacter Diversus

O Córrego São João tem sua nascente situada na Fazenda Pilão, no município de Porto Nacional-TO, abrange várias propriedades rurais, e na zona urbana alguns bairros representativos, como: Jardim Querido, Jardim Umuarama, Santa Helena e Vila Nova, desembocando no Rio Tocantins. Tanto em zonas rurais como urbanas, o rio recebe contribuições de resíduos poluidores (químicos, físicos e biológicos), no entanto, suas águas vêm sendo utilizadas principalmente para abastecimento público e irrigação. Mediante a amostragem sistemática, em pontos estratégicos ao longo do córrego, fez-se avaliação da qualidade da água, por meio de indicador bacteriano. As amostras coletadas foram analisadas microbiologicamente pelas técnicas de Tubos Múltiplos e Membrana Filtrante; e meios de cultura específicos para Enterobacteriaceae. Os valores mínimos e máximos encontrados para coliformes totais (CT) e coliformes fecais (CF) por 100 mL foram respectivamente: 0,17 x 102 - 660,0 x 102; 2,0 x 102 - 300,0 x 102. Foram isoladas e identificadas as espécies: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter diversus, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia odorifera, Salmonella sp e Edwardsiella tarda nos diferentes pontos de coleta. Concluiu-se que as águas do Córrego São João são impróprias para consumo humano, sem prévia desinfecção e para irrigação de hortas e outros tipos de alimentos consumidos pela população.

scholarly journals Horizontal Transfer of blaCMY-Bearing Plasmids among Clinical Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates and Emergence of Cefepime-Hydrolyzing CMY-19

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-ichi Wachino ◽  
Hiroshi Kurokawa ◽  
Satowa Suzuki ◽  
Kunikazu Yamane ◽  
Naohiro Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Clonal Relatedness

ABSTRACT Nine Escherichia coli and 5 Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates resistant to various cephalosporins and cephamycins were identified in a Japanese general hospital between 1995 and 1997. All nine E. coli isolates and one K. pneumoniae isolate carried bla CMY-9, while the other four K. pneumoniae isolates harbored a variant of bla CMY-9, namely, bla CMY-19. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of the nine CMY-9-producing E. coli isolates were almost identical, suggesting their clonal relatedness, while those of the five K. pneumoniae isolates were divergent. Plasmid profiles, Southern hybridization, and conjugation assays revealed that the genes for the CMY-9 and the CMY-19 β-lactamases were located on very similar conjugative plasmids in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The genetic environment of bla CMY-19 was identical to that of bla CMY-9. A single amino acid substitution, I292S, adjacent to the H-10 helix region was observed between CMY-9 and CMY-19. This substitution was suggested to be responsible for the expansion of the hydrolyzing activity against several broad-spectrum cephalosporins, and this finding was consistent with the kinetic parameters determined with purified enzymes. These findings suggest that the bla CMY-19 genes found in the four K. pneumoniae isolates might have originated from bla CMY-9 gene following a point mutation and dispersed among genetically different K. pneumoniae isolates via a large transferable plasmid.

Антимікробна резистентність провідних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів у Києві (Україна)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
A.V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli

Мета роботи — вивчити резистентність до антибіотиків бактеріальних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів (ІСШ), виділених у пацієнтів урологічного стаціонару в м. Києві. Матеріали і методи. Досліджено 1612 штамів бактерій, виділених із сечі хворих з ІСШ (цистит, уретрит, пієлонефрит), госпіталізованих в урологічне відділення ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України» у м. Києві протягом 2016 р. Серед пацієнтів переважали жінки — 1201 (74,5 %). Вік хворих становив від 17 до 74 років. Для збору даних використано медичну документацію лікарні. Мікробіологічні дослідження виконано у лабораторії мікробіології ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України». Аналізували результати культурального дослідження зразків сечі, зібраних за наявності клінічних ознак ІСШ. Дослідження клінічного матеріалу та інтерпретацію отриманих результатів проводили загальноприйнятими методами. Вивчено чутливість уропатогенів до 31 антибіотика дискодифузійним методом відповідно до рекомендацій Інституту клінічних та лабораторних стандартів США (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)). Результати та обговорення. Аналіз мікробного спектра сечі виявив домінування серед уропатогенів штамів Escherichia coli (32,0 %), Enterococcus faecalis (19,5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,9 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8,9 %), S. haemolyticus (6,5 %) та Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,4 %). Частка Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes і Streptococcus viridans становила відповідно 2,5, 2,2 і 1,6 %, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris та Providencia rettgeri — менше 1,0 %. У більшості випадків (69,7 %) мікроорганізми виділено у монокультурі, у решті випадків — у мікробних асоціа- ціях. Високу резистентність до тестованих антибіотиків виявили штами E. aerogenes (45,1 %), E. cloacae (45,7 %), E. faecium (40,9 %), E. faecalis (40,7 %), E. coli (39,9 %), P. aeruginosa (34,0 %), K. pneumoniae (28,6 %). Найбільш активними до уропатогенів були іміпенем (E. coli — 87,6 %, P. aeruginosa — 75,7 %, E. cloacae — 67,3 %, E. aerogenes — 72,6 %, K. pneumoniae — 93,2 %), меропенем (E. coli — 89,1 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, K. pneumoniae — 82,6 %), лефлоцин (E. coli — 74,5 %, ентерококи — 78,7 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, E. cloacae — 73,9 %, E. aerogenes — 80,4 %, K. pneumoniae — 83,5 %), амоксицилін/клавуланат (ентерококи — 84,6 %), фурагін (ентерококи — 82,6 %), цефоперазон (K. pneumoniae — 89,2 %, P. aeruginosa — 73,8 %), цефтріаксон (K. pneumoniae — 80,1 %). Висновки. Антибіотикорезистентність збудників ІСШ — важлива терапевтична проблема. Найбільшою активністю до уропатогенів характеризуються іміпенем, меропенем, лефлоцин, амоксицилін/ клавуланат, фурагін, цефоперазон, цефтріаксон, які можна розглядати як препарат вибору для призначення стартової терапії ІСШ. Необхідно здійснювати постійний моніторинг за резистентністю до дії антибіотиків. Політику використання антибіотиків у кожному стаціонарі слід визначати залежно від локальних даних щодо резистентності до протимікробних препаратів.

Viability of Edwardsiella tarda and Esherichia coli preserved with glycerol-tryptone soy broth (TSB) kept at freezing temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Abdur Rohman ◽  
Frans Ijong ◽  
I K Suwetja
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Escherchia Coli

Preservation of bacteria carried out in relation to the collection and preservation of germ plasm microbe is useful for research and development or for the establishment of diagnostic tools. Glycerol is a good preservation media but it is not known what doses should be used for effective preservation.  This research used two experimental  methods consisting of 2 factors and 3 treatments. This study aimed to find the best glycerol concentration that can be used to preserve Edwarsiella tarda and Escherchia coli in the -20ºC environment, to understand the viability of bacteria after being preserved and to describe the characteristics of the preserved bacteria. Treatments applied were 10%, 15% and 20%  glycerol in TSB. Viability of the bacteria was analyzed after 7, 14, 28, 35, and 42 days of preservation. Results showed that E.coli bacteria preserved in 15%  glycerol had the highest viability, i.e. 84% and preserved in 10% glycerol had the lowest viability, i.e. 80%. But for E. tarda bacteria preserved in 10% glycerol had the highest viability, i.e. 1.83% and preseved in 15% glycerol had the lowest viability, i.e. 0,55%. Preservasi bakteri dilakukan dalam kaitannya dengan koleksi dan konservasi plasma nutfah mikroba yang berguna untuk penelitian dan pengembangan atau untuk pembentukan alat diagnosa. Gliserol merupakan bahan preservasi yang baik, tetapi belum diketahui dosis yang baik dan efektif untuk preservasi bakteri Edwarsiella tarda dan Escherchia coli pada suhu -20ºC. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 taraf perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan, media preservasi yang digunakan adalah TSB dan gliserol dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20%. Parameter yang diukur adalah viabilitas dan kecocokan/penyimpangan karakteristik biokimia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Karantina Ikan Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Manado, dari bulan September sampai dengan November 2013. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsentrasi gliserol dalam TSB sebagai media preservasi yang efektif dan efisien pada bakteri  Edwarsiella tarda dan Escherchia coli yang dipreservasi dengan suhu -20ºC dan disimpan selama 42  hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan laju pertumbuhan bakteri selama preservasi. Persentase viabilitas  bakteri E. coli yang tertinggi selama preservasi diperoleh dengan penggunaan gliserol konsentrasi 15% dengan jumlah 84% dan yang terendah adalah dengan penggunaan konsentrasi 10% yakni sebesar 80%, sedangkan untuk E. tarda persentase viabilitas  bakteri yang tertinggi selama preservasi diperoleh dengan penggunaan gliserol konsentrasi 10% dengan jumlah 1,83% dan yang terendah adalah dengan penggunaan konsentrasi 15% yakni sebesar 0,55%. Berdasarkan uji statistik analisis variasi (ANAVA) didapat hasil F hitung E. tarda dan E. coli yang lebih besar  dari FTabel dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 %.

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