The effect of salt concentration on the phospholipid and fatty acid composition of the moderate halophile Vibrio costicola

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Hanna ◽  
Carmela Bengis-Garber ◽  
D. J. Kushner ◽  
Margot Kogut ◽  
Morris Kates
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Glycerol Content ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Moderate Halophile ◽  
Whole Cells

The major lipids of Vibrio costicola membranes and whole cells are phosphatidyl glycerol and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Lesser amounts of lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, cardiolipin, a glycolipid, and two other phospholipids, tentatively identified as lysocardiolipin and lysophosphatidyl glycerol, are also present. Phosphatidyl glycerol content markedly increased, whereas that of phosphatidyl ethanolamine decreased, with increasing salt concentration (0.5 to 3 M NaCl) in the growth medium. These changes result in an increase in the mole ratio of negatively charged polar lipids to neutral polar lipids. Little effect of growth phase on the proportions of the lipid components or their fatty acids was observed in cells grown in 1 M salt. The major fatty acids found were 16:0, 16:1, and 18:1; minor amounts of 14:0, 17:1, and 18:0, and traces of 12:0, 12:1, 14:1, 15:0, 15:1, and 17:0 were also found. The proportions of certain fatty acids also changed with changing salt concentration in the medium.

Quality Characteristics of Fresh Meat from Pigs of the Gascon Breed

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sans ◽  
M. J. Andrade ◽  
S. Ventanas ◽  
J. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Neutral And Polar Lipids

Chemical parameters involved in technological meat quality for dry cured processing of Gascon pigs were studied in longissimus dorsi (LD) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Muscles from Gascon pigs showed 2.60 and 2.84% of intramuscular fat content, 23.64 and 22.14% protein content and 1.34 and 4.63mg of myoglobin per gram of muscle (respectively LD and BF). Intramuscular fat (IMF) and myoglobin levels were higher than those reported for commercial pigs, but lower than those previously found in Iberian pigs. A similar situation was detected in the fatty acid composition of neutral and polar lipids of both muscles. Thus, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in neutral lipids of Gascon pig muscles (LD and BF respectively) were 58.27 and 51.98%, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels were 5.61 and 14.13% respectively; values similar to those found in Iberian pigs and quite different to usual values in commercial pig breeds. The same trend was found in polar lipids. Both muscles showed a low susceptibility to induced lipid oxidation, in agreement with their fatty acid composition. These results pointed out that meat from pigs of the Gascon breed showed optimal characteristics for dry cured processing.

scholarly journals Ripening and Solar Exposure Alter Polar Lipid Fatty Acid Composition of `Honey Dew' Muskmelons

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1262-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Forney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Solar Exposure ◽  
Lipid Fatty Acid

Polar lipids were extracted from immature through overripe `Honey Dew' muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) that were exposed to high or low levels of solar radiation. Fatty acid composition of the polar lipids changed and the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids increased as fruit ripened. The percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids palmitoleic and oleic acid as a percent of total fatty acids increased from 8% in melons of minimum maturity to >50% in overripe melons. Also, the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids increased from 2.2 to 5.0. Total polar lipid fatty acid compostion from middle mesocarp tissue (flesh) did not change as much during ripening as the polar lipid composition from the epidermis (peel). Peel tissue from the top of melons relative to the ground had unsaturation ratios of C18 fatty acids and C16 fatty acids 33% and 62% greater, respectively, than peel from the bottom of the melon. Melons of minimum maturity exposed to solar radiation had significantly more unsaturated C18 fatty acids than shaded melons. Increase in the percentage of unsaturated polar lipid fatty acids in `Honey Dew' melons may relate to increases in chilling tolerance reported to occur with ripening and solar exposure.

THE LIPID COMPOSITION OF MICROCOCCUS HALODENITRIFICANS AS INFLUENCED BY SALT CONCENTRATION

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kates ◽  
S. N. Sehgal ◽  
N. E. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Unsaponifiable Matter ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Qualitative Changes

Cells of M. halodentitrificans grown in 1.0 M NaCl contained 11 ± 2% total lipids, of which about half was phosphatide. Seven lipid components were detected by chromatography, two of which were tentatively identified as phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl glycerol; lecithin was completely absent. No qualitative changes were found in the phospholipid or fatty acid constituents of cells grown in media containing different concentrations of sodium chloride, but cells grown in low salt concentration (0.6 M and 0.55 M) contained 7 to 10 times more unsaponifiable matter than cells grown at the optimal salt concentration (1.0 M). However, the addition of calcium, magnesium, or potassium to low-salt media restored the amount of unsaponifiable matter in cells to normal.

Light-Dependent Changes in the Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition of Phycocyanin-Free Photosynthetic Lamellae of Synechococcus

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 856-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Datz ◽  
Günter Döhler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The growth of Synechococcus at different intensities of white and red light caused changes in the pigment composition. The ratio of chlorophyll a to phycocyanin varied from 1:8,2 in LWLI-grown cells to 1:1,4 in cells grown at HWLI and to 1:15,7 in cultures exposed to HRLI. Acyl lipids were quantitatively determ ined and fatty acids of the individual lipid classes analysed by GLC. Phycocyanin-free photosynthetic lam ellae were obtained by fractional centrifugation. No variation was found in the acyl lipid composition of the m em brane preparations. These all contained MGDG, DGDG, SQDG and PG as components. In all the lipids investigated, palmitic, hexadecenoic and octadecenoic acids m ade up to more than 90% of total fatty acids. The pattern of these major components w ithin the lipids from the different cultures depended on the light used. No large differences were detected between zones obtained from LWLI and HRLI isolated membranes, whereas density gradient centrifugation of those from HWLI-grown cells resulted in a completely different pattern of bands. The variations in lipid and fatty acid composition are discussed with respect to changes observed in lipid composition of whole cells and the results reported on tem perature dependent shifts in lipid fluidity in cyanobacteria.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

scholarly journals A conjunction of sn-2 fatty acids and overall fatty acid composition combined with chemometric techniques increase the effectiveness of lard detection in fish feed

2021 ◽  
pp. 104308
Author(s):  
Mohamed Haniff Hanafy Idris ◽  
Yanty Noorzianna Manaf ◽  
Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa ◽  
Amalia Mohd Hashim ◽  
Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Chemometric Techniques

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Fatty Acid Profile of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpunar-Krok ◽  
Anna Wondołowska-Grabowska ◽  
Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro ◽  
Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Soybean is a valuable protein and oilseed crop ranked among the most significant of the major crops. Field experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in South-East Poland. The influence of soybean cultivars (Aldana, Annushka), nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg∙ha−1 N) and inoculation with B. japonicum (control, HiStick® Soy, Nitragina) on the content of fatty acids (FA) in soybean seeds was investigated in a three-factorial experiment. This study confirms the genetic determinants of fatty acid composition in soybean seeds and their differential accumulation levels for C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9, C18:2, C18:3, and C20:0 as well saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Increasing the rate from 30 to 60 kg ha−1 N did not produce the expected changes, suggesting the use of only a “starter” rate of 30 kg ha−1 N. Inoculation of soybean seeds with a strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (HiStick® Soy, BASF, Littlehampton, UK and Nitragina, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation–State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland) is recommended as it will cause a decrease in SFA and C16:0 acid levels. This is considered nutritionally beneficial as its contribution to total fatty acids determines the hypercholesterolemic index, and it is the third most accumulated fatty acid in soybean seeds. The interaction of cultivars and inoculation formulation on fatty acid content of soybean seeds was demonstrated. An increase in the value of C16:0 content resulted in a decrease in the accumulation of C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 acids. The content of each decreased by almost one unit for every 1% increase in C16:0 content. The dominant effect of weather conditions on the FA profile and C18:2n6/C18:3n3 ratio was demonstrated. This suggests a need for further evaluation of the genetic progress of soybean cultivars with respect to fatty acid composition and content under varying habitat conditions.

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