Identification of rumen bacteria that anaerobically degrade aliphatic nitrotoxins

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Majak ◽  
K.-J. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Resting Cells ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Laboratory Collection ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

Of 33 pure strains of rumen bacteria from the Lethbridge laboratory collection, 5 degraded both 3-nitropropanol (NPOH) and 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA) under anaerobic conditions, and another 5 strains degraded only NPA. The nitroacid was metabolized at a faster rate than the nitroalcohol by both pure cultures of rumen bacteria and mixed rumen microorganisms.Nitrite was detected during incubation of NPOH and of NPA with resting cells but not with growing cultures of active strains of rumen bacteria. Nitrite was metabolized much faster than the nitrotoxins by both pure cultures of rumen bacteria and mixed rumen microorganisms. The results suggest that the nitro moiety of NPA or NPOH is metabolized to inorganic nitrite and nitrite is reduced to ammonia by rumen microorganisms, thereby resulting in its detoxification.

scholarly journals Growth of Bacteria on 3-Nitropropionic Acid as a Sole Source of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Energy

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 3590-3598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley F. Nishino ◽  
Kwanghee A. Shin ◽  
Rayford B. Payne ◽  
Jim C. Spain
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

ABSTRACT 3-Nitropropionic acid (3NPA) is a widespread nitroaliphatic toxin found in a variety of legumes and fungi. Several enzymes have been reported that can transform the compound, but none led to the mineralization of 3NPA. We report here the isolation of bacteria that grow on 3NPA and its anion, propionate-3-nitronate (P3N), as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. Experiments with resting cells, cell extracts, and purified enzymes indicate that the pathway involves conversion of 3NPA to P3N, which upon denitration yields malonic semialdehyde, nitrate, nitrite, and traces of H2O2. Malonic semialdehyde is decarboxylated to acetyl coenzyme A. The gene that encodes the enzyme responsible for the denitration of P3N was cloned and expressed, and the enzyme was purified. Stoichiometry of the reaction indicates that the enzyme is a monooxygenase. The gene sequence is related to a large group of genes annotated as 2-nitropropane dioxygenases, but the P3N monooxygenase and closely related enzymes form a cluster within COG2070 that differs from previously characterized 2-nitropropane dioxygenases by their substrate specificities and reaction products. The results suggest that the P3N monooxygenases enable bacteria to exploit 3NPA in natural habitats as a growth substrate.

Substrate diversity of an active heterotrophic nitrifier, an Alcaligenes sp.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenic Castignetti ◽  
Rosemarie Yanong ◽  
Robert Gramzinski
Keyword(s):  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Heterotrophic Nitrification ◽  
Acetohydroxamic Acid ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Acetone Oxime ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
Nitrite Production ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

Several oximes, acetohydroxamic acid, and 3-nitropropionic acid were examined to determine if they could serve as substrates for heterotrophic nitrification by an Alcaligenes sp., previously isolated from soil and shown to actively nitrify pyruvic oxime. Neither acetohydroxamic acid, the aldoximes of acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde, or the alkyl oxime, acetone oxime, were used as nitrification substrates or as sole sources of carbon or nitrogen. α-Ketobutyric oxime, α-ketoglutaric oxime, and 3-nitropropionic acid, however, were nitrified and growth occurred when these compounds served as sole sources of carbon and nitrogen. Experiments with resting cells and cell-free extracts of the Alcaligenes sp. grown on α-ketobutyric oxime and α-ketoglutaric oxime indicate that these substrates are nitrified via an organic pathway as the rates of hydroxylamine (the nitrogen hydrolysis product) conversion are kinetically insufficient. 3-Nitropropionic acid metabolism by resting cells of the Alcaligenes sp. grown in 3-nitropropionic medium is restricted to nitrite production. The substrate specificities of the Alcaligenes sp. for heterotrophic nitrification and the relevance of the mineralization of 3-nitropropionic acid by the bacterium are discussed.

Taurine Increases Rat Survival and Reduces Striatal Damage Caused by 3-Nitropropionic Acid

2001 ◽  
Vol 108 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selva Rivas-arancibia ◽  
Alba I. Rodríguez ◽  
Tanja Zigova ◽  
Alison E. Willing ◽  
Wendy D. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

6-Hydroxydopamine Injections into the Nigrostriatal Pathway Attenuate Striatal Malonate and 3-Nitropropionic Acid Lesions

1998 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Maragos ◽  
Rebekah J. Jakel ◽  
Zhen Pang ◽  
James W. Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Nigrostriatal Pathway ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

Toxicological investigations on Astragalus hamosus and Astragalus sesameus

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (103) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nitro Compounds ◽  
Aliphatic Nitro Compounds ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid

Astragalus hamosus L. and Astragalus sesameus L. were examined for the presence and type of aliphatic nitro compounds and for their toxicity to 1 -week-old chicks. A. hamosus leaves assayed 10 to 11 mg of NO2 g-1 in compounds that yielded 3-nitropropionic acid upon hydrolysis. Water extracts of A. hamosus leaves were toxic to chicks at the equivalent of 3 g of dried plant per chick, and lethal at 6 to 8 g. A. sesameus did not contain nitro compounds and was non-toxic to chicks.

scholarly journals Mice deficient in L-12/15 lipoxygenase show increased vulnerability to 3-nitropropionic acid neurotoxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 643 ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Rita C. Akumuo ◽  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Sandra J. Hewett
Keyword(s):  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
3 Nitropropionic Acid
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document