Isolation and characterization of a new extracellular polysaccharide from a cellulose-negative strain of Acetobacter xylinum

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Valla ◽  
Johs. Kjosbakken
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Acetobacter Xylinum ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Acidic Polysaccharide ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Structural Parts

An extracellular, acidic polysaccharide has been isolated from the culture medium of a spontaneous cellulose-negative strain of Acetobacter xylinum. Chemical analysis shows that the polymer is composed of glucose, mannose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio approximating 3:1:1:1. No evidence for the presence of cellobiose units as structural parts in the polysaccharide has been found.

Characterization of a mucoid Escherichia coli K12 strain, and chemical analysis of the exopolysaccharide

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 969-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Shugar ◽  
Kenneth E. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Spontaneous Mutant ◽  
Escherichia Coli K12 ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Genetic Lesion ◽  
Long Form

A spontaneous mutant of Escherichia coli K12 C600 was isolated which is mucoid as a result of overproduction of an extracellular polysaccharide. This strain also forms filaments, is sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation, and has its genetic lesion closely linked to the lac gene. Its phenotype and map position are analogous to the lon mutation (long form). The exopolysaccharide contains fucose, glucose, galactose, and may contain glucuronic acid, but the molar ratios of these sugars differ from those previously reported.

scholarly journals The isolation and characterization of bilirubin diglucuronide, the major bilirubin conjugate in dog and human bile

1976 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
E R Gordon ◽  
C A Goresky ◽  
T H Chang ◽  
A S Perlin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Human Bile ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Azo Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

The chemical structure of the major conjugate of bilirubin was unequivocally elucidated by structural analysis. The conjugated bilirubins were first separated from the lipid components of human duodenal aspirates or dog gall-bladder bile, and then resolved by t.l.c. into a series of tetrapyrroles. The major tetrapyrrole was then converted into its more stable dipyrrolic azo derivative for further analysis. The conjugated moiety of the azopigment was characterized after methanolysis with sodium methoxide. This reaction yields two types of product, those soluble in water and those soluble in organic solvents. The organic-soluble fraction was shown by t.l.c. and mass spectrometry to contain the methyl esters of the dipyrrolic azo derivatives of bilirubin. The water-soluble materials were analysed by enzymic procedures, t.l.c., n.m.r. spectrometry and combined g.l.c. and mass spectrometry. This analysis showed that the only water-soluble product resulting from the methanolysis was glucuronic acid. The structure was identical with that of pure standards, on both mass spectrometry and n.m.r. spectroscopy. No contaminating moieties were found. Quantitative measurement indicated that the glucuronic acid had been released in a 1:1 molar ratio with the resulting methyl esters of the dipyrrolic azo derivatives of bilirubin. This unequivocally establishes bilirubin diglucuronide as the major pigment present in bile. Past problems with identification of bilirubin diglucuronide were shown to originate from procedures which resulted in incomplete separation and isolation of the azopigments of the conjugated bilirubins, owing to contamination by biliary lipids.

A POLYSACCHARIDE FROM THE BLUE-GREEN ALGA, ANABAENA CYLINDRICA

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 999-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Bishop ◽  
G. A. Adams ◽  
E. O. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Anabaena Cylindrica ◽  
Chemical Homogeneity ◽  
Fresh Water Alga

A complex polysaccharide has been isolated from the fresh-water alga, Anabaena cylindrica, grown in a synthetic culture medium. Prolonged acid hydrolysis yielded glucose, xylose, glucuronic acid, galactose, rhamnose, and arabinose in a molar ratio of 5: 4: 4: 1: 1: 1. Chemical fractionations of the polysaccharide material from solution in cupriethylenediamine, and of its acetate from organic solvents indicated chemical homogeneity.

Isolation and characterization of the ethynylestradiol-biodegrading microorganism Fusarium proliferatum strain HNS-1

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Shi ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
B.-D. Lee ◽  
S. Nakai ◽  
M. Hosomi
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Phenolic Group

We cultivated hundreds of sediment, soil, and manure samples taken from rivers and farms in a medium containing ethynylestradiol (EE2) as the sole source of carbon, so that microorganisms in the samples would acclimatize to the presence of EE2. Finally, we isolated an EE2-degrading microorganism, designated as strain HNS-1, from a cowshed sample. Based on its partial nucleotide sequence (563 bp) of the 28S rRNA gene, strain HNS-1 was identified as Fusarium proliferatum. Over 15 days, F. proliferatum strain HNS-1 removed 97% of EE2 at an initial concentration of 25 mg.L−1, with a first-order rate constant of 0.6 d−1. Unknown products of EE2 degradation, which may be more polar compounds that have a phenolic group, remained in the culture medium.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of rabbit kidney brush borders

1972 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 1319-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Quirk ◽  
G. B. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Sucrose Density Gradient ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatases ◽  
Brush Borders

1. Brush borders were isolated from rabbit kidney-cortex homogenates by rate-zonal centrifugation through a sucrose density gradient in a B-XIV zonal rotor, followed by differential centrifugation. 2. The method of preparation gave brush borders of high purity with a reasonable yield. The morphological appearance supported the evidence from enzymic and chemical investigations, that the brush borders were only slightly contaminated with endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosomes and nuclei. 3. The molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid lay within the range found in other plasma membranes, but the carbohydrate content was double that found in liver plasma membranes. 4. Alkaline phosphatase, maltase, trehalase and aminopeptidase were major enzymic constituents of the brush borders, and had an approximately equal yield and enrichment, but none of these enzymes fulfilled the criteria for marker enzymes. 5. Mg2+-dependent and Na+,K+-dependent adenosine triphosphatases, although found in brush borders, had low yields and low enrichments.

Structural Analysis of an Acidic Polysaccharide from Tremella mesenterica NRRL Y-6158

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Fraser ◽  
H. J. Jennings ◽  
P. Moyna
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Acidic Polysaccharide ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Limited Variation ◽  
Branched Structure ◽  
End Group

An acidic polysaccharide has been isolated from the culture medium of T. mesenterica NRRL Y-6158. The heteropolymer contained D-xylose, D-mannose, D-glucuronic acid, and O-acetyl in the molar ratios of 7:5:1:0.7, respectively. Methylation analysis of the heteropolymer indicated that it was essentially a 1 → 3-α-linked mannopyranose backbone having approximately 80% of the backbone units substituted, thus forming a very highly branched structure. The substituents on the backbone were found to be D-glucopyranosyluronic acid end-group, β-linked to the O-2 positions of the mannopyranose units, and 2-O-β-D-linked xylopyranose side-chains, linked both to the O-2 and O-4 positions of the mannopyranose backbone. The methylation analysis suggests that these side-chains are probably two or three xylopyranose units long, although a limited variation in the length of the side-chains is a possibility.

Isolation and characterization of a new extracellular polysaccharide from an Acetobacter species

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. MacCormick ◽  
J.E. Harris ◽  
A.J. Jay ◽  
M.J. Ridout ◽  
I.J. Colquhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Isolation And Characterization
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