Morphogenesis and wall chemistry of the yeast, "intermediate," and hyphal phases of the dimorphic fungus, Mycotypha poitrasii

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry T. Cole ◽  
Takashi Sekiya ◽  
Reiko Kasai ◽  
Yoshinori Nozawa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry ◽  
Mycelial Yeast ◽  
Intermediate Cells

When Mycotypha poitrasii(Zygomycetes) is grown under standard conditions in liquid culture containing 1% polypeptone, 0.5% yeast extract, and variable glucose concentrations (0–6%), it displays mycelial–yeast conversion. "Intermediate" cells, isolated from cultures containing 2% glucose, are considered to represent a developmental phase in the process of morphogenesis. Distinct differences in the morphology and wall chemistry of the intermediate cells were demonstrated when compared to the yeast and hyphal forms. It is suggested that the trends evident from these comparative analyses reflect relationships between the alterations in cell wall chemistry and morphogenetic aspects of dimorphism.

Production and characterization of biomass and exopolysaccharides obtained in submerged culture under different initial pHs used in the cultivation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer

2020 ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Valenzuela Cobos ◽  
René Oscar Rodríguez-Grimón ◽  
Ana Grijalva-Endara ◽  
Raúl Marcillo-Vallejo ◽  
Onay Adonys Mercader-Camejo
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (GC003) and Rhizopus stolonifer (RS001) were cultivated in two different liquid culture media: LC1 (glucose 40 g L-1, yeast extract 3 g L-1 and tryptone peptone 2 g L-1) and LC2 (glucose 40 g L-1, yeast extract 3 g L-1 and tryptone peptone 10 g L-1) for the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS). By using the liquid culture (LC2) under pH of 4.5 presented the highest biomass content (15.73 g L-1) in the propagation of Rhizopus stolonifer. The highest production of exopolysaccharides (1.74 g L-1) was obtained by the liquid culture (LC2) under pH of 4.5 in the cultivation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The results presented that the production of biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS) is directly related with the pHs values and the strain used in the cultivation.

scholarly journals Thermogymnomonas acidicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermoacidophilic, cell wall-less archaeon in the order Thermoplasmatales, isolated from a solfataric soil in Hakone, Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2557-2561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Itoh ◽  
Naoto Yoshikawa ◽  
Tomonori Takashina
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Total Dna

A novel thermoacidophilic, cell wall-less archaeon, strain IC-189T, was isolated from a solfataric field in Ohwaku-dani, Hakone, Japan. The cells were irregular cocci, sometimes lobed, club-shaped or catenated, and were highly variable in size, ranging from 0.8 to 8.0 μm in diameter. The strain grew at temperatures in the range 38–68 °C (optimally at 60 °C) and at pH 1.8–4.0 (optimally at around pH 3.0). Strain IC-189T was obligately aerobic and heterotrophic, requiring yeast extract for growth. Yeast extract, glucose and mannose served as carbon and energy sources. The polar lipids consisted mainly of cyclic or acyclic glycerol-bisdiphytanyl-glycerol tetraethers, and the predominant quinone was a menaquinone with seven isoprenoid units (MK-7). The G+C content of total DNA was 56.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain IC-189T was a member of the order Thermoplasmatales, but diverged from the hitherto known species of the genera Thermoplasma, Picrophilus and Ferroplasma (86.2–91.0 % sequence similarity). These phenotypic and phylogenetic properties clearly support a separate taxonomic status for this strain. Therefore, strain IC-189T represents a novel genus (order Thermoplasmatales) and species, for which the name Thermogymnomonas acidicola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain IC-189T (=JCM 13583T=DSM 18835T).

scholarly journals Using 2D NMR spectroscopy to assess effects of UV radiation on cell wall chemistry during litter decomposition

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lin ◽  
Jennifer Y. King ◽  
Steven D. Karlen ◽  
John Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
2D Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry

Insight into plant cell wall chemistry and structure by combination of multiphoton microscopy with Raman imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e201700164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Heiner ◽  
Ingrid Zeise ◽  
Rivka Elbaum ◽  
Janina Kneipp
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Multiphoton Microscopy ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry ◽  
Insight Into

Effect of tissue type and variety on cell wall chemistry of onion (Allium cepa L.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ng ◽  
A.C. Smith ◽  
K.W. Waldron
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry

Omphalora, A New Genus in the Parmeliaceae

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Nash III ◽  
Josef Hafellner ◽  
Ralph S. Common
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry

AbstractThe status of four umbilicate lichens with lecanorine apothecia and hyaline, 1-celled ascospores is reviewed. It is concluded that Omphalodium should be emended to exclude O. arizonicum and consequently a new genus Omphalora T. Nash & Hafellner is proposed. Differences in anatomy, morphology, pseudocyphellae type, pigmentation and cell wall chemistry, and ascal dehiscence provide the primary justification for the new genus.

Development and population dynamics of Steinernema yirgalemense (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and growth characteristics of its associated Xenorhabdusindica symbiont in liquid culture

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ferreira ◽  
M.F. Addison ◽  
A.P. Malan
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Adult Density ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Male Density ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes have become a valuable addition to the range of biological control agents available for insect control. An endemic nematode, Steinernemayirgalemense, has been found to be effective against a wide range of key insect pests. The next step would be the mass production this nematode for commercial application. This requires the establishment of monoxenic cultures of both the nematode and the symbiotic bacterium Xenorhabdus indica. First-stage juveniles of S. yirgalemense were obtained from eggs, while X. indica was isolated from nematode-infected wax moth larvae. The population density of the various life stages of S. yirgalemense during the developmental phase in liquid culture was determined. The recovery of infective juveniles (IJs) to the third-stage feeding juveniles, was 67 ± 10%, reaching a maximum population density of 75,000 IJs ml− 1 on day 13 after inoculation. Adult density increased after 8 days, with the maximum female density being 4600 ml− 1 on day 15, whereas the maximum male density was 4300 ml− 1 on day 12. Growth curves for X. indica showed that the exponential phase was reached 15 h after inoculation to the liquid medium. The stationary phase was reached after 42 h, with an average of 51 × 107 colony-forming units ml− 1. Virulence tests showed a significant difference in insect mortality between in vitro- and in vivo-produced nematodes. The success obtained with the production of S. yirgalemense in liquid culture can serve as the first step in the optimizing and upscaling of the commercial production of nematodes in fermenters.

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