Effect of glutamic acid on the fatty acid and lipid composition of Choanephora cucurbitarum

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1827-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Deven ◽  
M. S. Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Yeast Extract Medium ◽  
Choanephora Cucurbitarum ◽  
Extract Medium

The fatty acid composition of the total, neutral, sterol, free fatty acid, and polar-lipid fractions in the mycelium of Choanephora cucurbitarum was determined. The major fatty acids in all lipid fractions were palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and γ-linolenic acid. Different lipid fractions did not show any particular preference for any individual fatty acid; however, the degree of unsaturation was different in different lipid fractions. Free fatty acid and polar lipid fractions contained a higher proportion of γ-linolenic acid than did triglyceride and sterol fractions. Addition of glutamic acid to the malt–yeast extract medium resulted in the biosynthesis of a number of long-chain fatty acids beyond the γ-linolenic acid. These fatty acids, e.g., C22:1, C24:0, and C26:0, were never observed to be present in the fungus when grown on a malt–yeast extract medium without glutamic acid. Furthermore, thin-layer chromatographic analysis showed a larger and denser spot of diphosphatidyl glycerol from the mycelium grown on glutamic acid medium than from the control mycelium. The possible significance of this finding is discussed.

Effect of various cultural conditions on the fatty acid and lipid composition of Choanephora cucurbitarum

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Deven ◽  
M. S. Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Choanephora Cucurbitarum

The fatty acid composition of the total and polar lipid fractions of Choanephora cucurbitarum grown under different cultural conditions were analyzed by thin-layer and gas–liquid chromatography. It was observed that temperature, age, pH, and light influenced the degree of unsaturation, this being due mainly to changes in the γ-linolenic acid concentration. The conditions used in this study did not alter the qualitative profile of fatty acids normally present in the organism. Neither did these conditions stimulate the production of further long-chain fatty acids (C20–C26) beyond γ-linolenic acid (C18:3) as reported earlier using growth media containing glutamic acid. The fatty acid pattern of lipid fractions though the same qualitatively, differed quantitatively. The polar lipid fractions, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and diphosphatidyl glycerol showed an appreciable variation in γ-linolenic acid content under different cultural conditions. The degree of unsaturation of the various lipid fractions decreased with increases in temperature, light intensity, and pH, but within each treatment the same pattern of decreasing degree of unsaturation with increasing age was observed. The significance of these observations is discussed.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations of Lipid Content and Composition in Starfish Asterias amurensis Lütken

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K.M. Azad Shah ◽  
H. Kurihara ◽  
K. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Asterias Amurensis ◽  
Lipid Fractions

The total lipid content, lipid classes and fatty acid composition in the internal organs of starfish (Asterias amurensis) were analyzed to determine the effects of seasons (winter and spring). The non-polar and polar lipid fractions obtained from starfish internal organs were analyzed through two seasons using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas liquid chromatography. Total lipid content of internal organs was 10.18% in spring and 8.21% in winter as wet weight basis. The predominant lipid class in spring was triglyceride whereas free fatty acids were the main lipid class in winter. The most abundant fatty acid of non-polar lipid fraction was eicosamonoenoic acid (C20:1) in spring having the highest proportion (29.2% of total fatty acid) as compared to the winter. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was also found significantly (P < 0.05) higher in spring compared to winter in the non-polar lipid fraction. On the other hand, comparatively lower amount of EPA was observed in spring than winter in the polar lipid fraction. Proportions of other fatty acids in non-polar and polar lipid fractions were also varied seasonally. This result might be useful for commercial production of lipid from internal organ of starfish with a view to potential use in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other non-food industries.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK ASAM AMINO DAN ASAM LEMAK BEKASAM KERANG BULU (Anadara antiquate) DI DESA BENAN KABUPATEN LINGGA

Marinade ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
M. Desra Hari Putra ◽  
R. Marwita Sari Putri ◽  
Yulia Oktavia ◽  
Aidil Fadli Ilhamdy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Acid Yield

Formation of feather shells (Anadara antiquata) which has been carried out the characteristics of amino acids and fatty acids obtained the highest amino acid yield is Arginine 10293.28, and the lowest histidine is 136.91. The highest saturated fatty acid is palmitic which is 1.20 and the lowest lauric acid is 0.09, the highest monounsaturated fatty acid is glutamic acid 17257.96, and the lowest is alanine 312.56, the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid is linoleic 0.58, linolenic acid 0.58, and the lowest arachidonic acid 0.29.

A comparison of fatty acid profiles and lipolysis during ripening of dry-cured loins obtained from a native pig breed (ChatoMurciano) and from a modern crossbreed pig

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Tejada ◽  
Eva Salazar ◽  
Adela Abellán ◽  
Begoña Peinado ◽  
Juana Mulero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Fraction ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Lipid Fractions

The fatty acid composition of neutral lipids (NL), polar lipids (PL) and free fatty acids (FFA) was analysed in dry-cured loins obtained from the native pig breed Chato Murciano (CM) and from a modern crossbreed pig genotype (CG) during the ripening stage (between the 30 and 60 days of processing). Fatty acid concentrations from neutral lipids, polar lipids and free fatty acid fractions were affected by breed. With respect to ripening time, lipolysis was more intense in the CG than in CM product, resulting in a decrease in the concentrations of fatty acids in the NL and PL fractions, accompanied by a corresponding increase in FFA. Results for lipid determination provided evidence that the concentrations of the different groups of fatty acids within the lipid fractions depend on the breed. In order of abundance, the groups of fatty acids in the neutral lipid fraction were monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) > saturated fatty acids (SFA) > polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (59%, 37% and 4% in CM; 58%, 35% and 6% in CG) at 60 days of processing. In the polar lipid fraction, the order was SFA > PUFA > MUFA (44%, 29% and 27% in CM; 42%, 38% and 20% in CG), and in free fatty acid fraction, the order was MUFA > PUFA > SFA (40%, 30%, and 30% in CM; 39%, 32%, and 29% in CG) at 60 days of processing.

scholarly journals Explore the gene network regulating the composition of fatty acids in cottonseed

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Ma ◽  
Xinqi Cheng ◽  
Chuan Wang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Expression Characteristics

Abstract Background Cottonseed is one of the major sources of vegetable oil. Analysis of the dynamic changes of fatty acid components and the genes regulating the composition of fatty acids of cottonseed oil is of great significance for understanding the biological processes underlying biosynthesis of fatty acids and for genetic improving the oil nutritional qualities. Results In this study, we investigated the dynamic relationship of 13 fatty acid components at 12 developmental time points of cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and generated cottonseed transcriptome of the 12 time points. At 5–15 day post anthesis (DPA), the contents of polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and saturated stearic acid (C18:0) were higher, while linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) was mainly synthesized after 15 DPA. Using 5 DPA as a reference, 15,647 non-redundant differentially expressed genes were identified in 10–60 DPA cottonseed. Co-expression gene network analysis identified six modules containing 3275 genes significantly associated with middle-late seed developmental stages and enriched with genes related to the linoleic acid metabolic pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Genes (Gh_D03G0588 and Gh_A02G1788) encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase were identified as hub genes and significantly up-regulated at 25 DPA. They seemed to play a decisive role in determining the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. FAD2 genes (Gh_A13G1850 and Gh_D13G2238) were highly expressed at 25–50 DPA, eventually leading to the high content of C18:2n-6 in cottonseed. The content of C18:3n-3 was significantly decreased from 5 DPA (7.44%) to 25 DPA (0.11%) and correlated with the expression characteristics of Gh_A09G0848 and Gh_D09G0870. Conclusions These results contribute to our understanding on the relationship between the accumulation pattern of fatty acid components and the expression characteristics of key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis during the entire period of cottonseed development.

EFFECTS OF HYPOGLYCIN A ON THE METABOLISM OF AMINO ACIDS BY LIVER SLICES

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Patrick ◽  
L. C. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Liver Slices

The effects of hypoglycin A on the metabolism of L-leucine-C14, L-alanine-C14, and L-glutamic-acid-C14 by rat liver slices have been investigated. Hypoglycin exerted markedly inhibitory effects on the conversion of leucine-C14 to fatty acid, cholesterol, and CO2. Conversion of alanine-C14 and glutamic acid-C14 to fatty acids was also inhibited by hypoglycin. No effects of hypoglycin on the conversion of C14-amino acids into protein or glycogen were demonstrated.

Saccharomyces kluyveri FAD3 encodes an ω3 fatty acid desaturase

Microbiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1983-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Oura ◽  
Susumu Kajiwara
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturases ◽  
Desaturase Gene ◽  
Saccharomyces Kluyveri ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene

Fungi, like plants, are capable of producing the 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. These fatty acids are synthesized by catalytic reactions of Δ12 and ω3 fatty acid desaturases. This paper describes the first cloning and functional characterization of a yeast ω3 fatty acid desaturase gene. The deduced protein encoded by the Saccharomyces kluyveri FAD3 gene (Sk-FAD3) consists of 419 amino acids, and shows 30–60 % identity with Δ12 fatty acid desaturases of several eukaryotic organisms and 29–31 % identity with ω3 fatty acid desaturases of animals and plants. During Sk-FAD3 expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, α-linolenic acid accumulated only when linoleic acid was added to the culture medium. The disruption of Sk-FAD3 led to the disappearance of α-linolenic acid in S. kluyveri. These findings suggest that Sk-FAD3 is the only ω3 fatty acid desaturase gene in this yeast. Furthermore, transcriptional expression of Sk-FAD3 appears to be regulated by low-temperature stress in a manner different from the other fatty acid desaturase genes in S. kluyveri.

Effect of insulin on free fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes in the duck

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gross ◽  
P. Mialhe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Higher Doses

ABSTRACT To elucidate the hypolipacidaemic effect of insulin in ducks, its action on the uptake of free fatty acids (FFA) by duck hepatocytes was determined. At low doses (10 mu./l) insulin stimulated FFA uptake. This effect was not observed with higher doses of insulin (20, 30 and 50 mu./l). Growth hormone at physiological concentrations and corticosterone (14·4 nmol/l) decreased basal activity, probably by reducing glucose metabolism and consequently α-glycerophosphate (α-GP) supply. Insulin was able to reverse the inhibition induced by GH and corticosterone on both FFA uptake and α-GP production. These results therefore suggest that the hypolipacidaemic effect of insulin may be partly mediated by its action on hepatic FFA uptake. J. Endocr. (1984) 102, 381–386

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document