A comparison of the electrophoretic properties of the ATP-sulfurylases, APS-reductases, and sulfite reductases from cultures of dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Skyring ◽  
P. A. Trudinger
Keyword(s):  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Electrophoretic Variation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Aps Reductase ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Atp Sulfurylases

ATP-sulfurylases, APS-reductases, and sulfite reductases (SO3−2 → S−2) have been detected by gel disc electrophoresis in 13 cultures of dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria and their electrophoretic properties have been compared. With respect to these three enzymes only, the results were indicative of some interspecies and intergenus homologies. In the Desulfovibrio strains (except Desulfovibrio desulfuricans 8301 which does not contain desulfoviridin), the major sulfite reductase was electrophoretically coincident with desulfoviridin and, in the Desulfotomaculum strains, with a brown protein. Some distinct patterns of electrophoretically distinguishable forms of APS-reductase were found. Considerable electrophoretic variation was found among the ATP-sulfurylases.

The taxonomy of some new isolates of dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1415-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Skyring ◽  
H. E. Jones ◽  
D. Goodchild
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Buoyant Density ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Aps Reductase ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The interrelationships between 92 isolates of sporing and non-sporing sulfate-reducing bacteria were determined. Of the 116 biochemical and physiological characteristics examined, only 25 were useful for discrimination of groups. Responses to most of the tests were negative. A similarity coefficient and a principal component factor analysis of these data were made. The deoxyribonucleic acids buoyant densities (DNA) from all strains and the electrophoretic properties of adenylylsulfotransferase (ATP-sulfurylase), adenylphosphosulfate (APS)-reductase, and sulfite reductase of selected isolates were determined. On the basis of these various data eight groups were recognized. Isolates of seven of these groups appeared to be similar to one or more named strains. Isolates of group E (DNA buoyant density, 1.708) were different from previously named strains. Sporing strains were not isolated from the Papua New Guinea location. Halophilic and non-halotolerant strains were isolated from highly saline locations in Australia.Results pertinent to the taxonomy and ecology of the sulfate-reducing bacteria are discussed.

Experimental Investigation on the Active Range of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria for Geological Disposal

1994 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fukunaga ◽  
H. Yoshikawa ◽  
K. Fujiki ◽  
H. Asano
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Buffer Material ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

AbstractThe active range ofDesulfovibrio desulfuricans. a species of sulfate-reducing bacteria, was examined in terms of pH and Eh using a fermenter at controlled pH and Eh. Such research is important because sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are thought to exist underground at depths equal to those of supposed repositories for high-level radioactive wastes and to be capable of inducing corrosion of the metals used in containment vessels.SRB activity was estimated at 35°C, with lactate as an electron donor, at a pH range from 7 to 11 and Eh range from 0 to -380 mV. Activity increased as pH approached neutral and Eh declined. The upper pH limit for activity was between 9.9 and 10.3, at Eh of -360 to -384 mV. The upper Eh limit for activity was between -68 and -3 mV, at pH 7.1. These results show that SRB can be made active at higher pH by decreasing Eh, and that the higher pH levels of 8 to 10 produced by use of the buffer material bentonite does not suppress SRB completely.A chart was obtained showing the active range ofDesulfovibrio desulfuricansin terms of pH and Eh. Such charts can be used to estimate the viability of SRB and other microorganisms when the environmental conditions of a repository are specified.

scholarly journals Molecular Ecological Analysis of the Succession and Diversity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Mouse Gastrointestinal Tract

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 2166-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Deplancke ◽  
K. R. Hristova ◽  
H. A. Oakley ◽  
V. J. McCracken ◽  
R. Aminov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Aps Reductase ◽  
Mouse Intestine ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Old Mice

ABSTRACT Intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) growth and resultant hydrogen sulfide production may damage the gastrointestinal epithelium and thereby contribute to chronic intestinal disorders. However, the ecology and phylogenetic diversity of intestinal dissimilatory SRB populations are poorly understood, and endogenous or exogenous sources of available sulfate are not well defined. The succession of intestinal SRB was therefore compared in inbred C57BL/6J mice using a PCR-based metabolic molecular ecology (MME) approach that targets a conserved region of subunit A of the adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (APS) reductase gene. The APS reductase-based MME strategy revealed intestinal SRB in the stomach and small intestine of 1-, 4-, and 7-day-old mice and throughout the gastrointestinal tract of 14-, 21-, 30-, 60-, and 90-day-old mice. Phylogenetic analysis of APS reductase amplicons obtained from the stomach, middle small intestine, and cecum of neonatal mice revealed that Desulfotomaculum spp. may be a predominant SRB group in the neonatal mouse intestine. Dot blot hybridizations with SRB-specific 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) probes demonstrated SRB colonization of the cecum and colon pre- and postweaning and colonization of the stomach and small intestine of mature mice only. The 16S rDNA hybridization data further demonstrated that SRB populations were most numerous in intestinal regions harboring sulfomucin-containing goblet cells, regardless of age. Reverse transcriptase PCR analysis demonstrated APS reductase mRNA expression in all intestinal segments of 30-day-old mice, including the stomach. These results demonstrate for the first time widespread colonization of the mouse intestine by dissimilatory SRB and evidence of spatial-specific SRB populations and sulfomucin patterns along the gastrointestinal tract.

Contribution of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria to the Electricity Generation in Microbial Fuel Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang Gao ◽  
Ai Jie Wang ◽  
Yang Guo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Double-chambered microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were used to investigate the effect of sulfate and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) on electricity generation by molybdate inhibition coupled with PCR-DGGE technique. Results showed that low influent sulfate (< 1470 mg/L) improved power density and voltage, while higher sulfate blocked the MFC efficiency. Molybdate inhibited the activity of SRB and consequently decreased MFC voltage and power density which confirmed some SRB were involved in the electricity generation. Microbial community analysis indicated thatDesulfovibrio desulfuricanscontributed to the electricity production and stability of MFC.

Response of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans colonies to oxygen stress

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 400-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy D. Wall ◽  
Barbara J. Rapp-Giles ◽  
Merton F. Brown ◽  
Jerry A. White
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Oxygen Tolerance ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Oxygen tolerance of the strictly anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria is well documented and poorly understood. This capacity for surviving brief exposures to oxygen must be a major factor in the diversity of environmental niches observed for these bacteria. We observed that viable cells of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (ATCC 27774) could be found in colonies on the surface of solidified medium exposed to air for periods as long as 1 month. During exposure to air, the originally black colonies became greyish white, presumably as a result of the air oxidation of the metal sulfide deposits. A black, brittle deposit formed at the bottom of the colony and, simultaneously, the colony descended into a dimple that developed into a well in the agar. Eventually the colony reached the bottom of the Petri dish. These changes did not take place when the colonies were maintained in an anaerobic chamber. The morphological changes took place with all strains tested: three strains of D. desulfuricans and one strain of Desulfovibrio gigas and Desulfovibrio multispirans. Continued sulfate reduction appeared to be essential. Cyclic sulfate (thiosulfate or sulfite) reduction to sulfide and reoxidation of sulfide by the oxygen in air are proposed to maintain the viability of the bacteria by providing substrates for energy production and by reducing oxygen tension. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of colony and cellular changes are shown. Key words: Desulfovibrio, sulfate-reducing bacteria, oxygen tolerance, sulfate cycling, scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Reduction of perchlorate ions by the sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum sp. and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
N. S. Verkholiak ◽  
T. B. Peretyatko ◽  
A. A. Halushka
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Perchlorate Ion ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The usage of microorganisms to clean the environment from xenobiotics, in particular chlorine-containing ones, is a promising method of detoxifying the contaminated environment. Sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Ya-11, isolated from Yavoriv Lake, and Desulfotomaculum AR1, isolated from the Lviv sewage treatment system, are able to grow under conditions of environmental contamination by aromatic compounds and chlorine-containing substances. Due to their high redox potential, chlorate and perchlorate ions can be ideal electron acceptors for the metabolism of microorganisms. To test the growth of the tested microorganisms under the influence of perchlorate ions, bacteria were cultured in modified Postgate C medium with ClO4–. Biomass was determined turbidimetrically, the content of sulfate ions and hydrogen sulfide – photoelectrocolorimetrically, the content of perchlorate ions – permanganatometrically. The study of the ability of sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 to grow in a medium with perchlorate ions as electron acceptors showed the inhibitory effect of ClO4– on sulfate ion reduction by bacteria. Bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 are able to grow in environments with aromatic hydrocarbons, in particular toluene. The possibility of the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the presence of toluene as an electron donor and perchlorate ions as an electron acceptor was investigated. The efficiency of perchlorate ion utilization by sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 was about 90 %. The effect of molybdenum on the reduction of perchlorate ions by Desulfotomaculum AR1 is shown in the paper. Immobilization of bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 was carried out in 3% agar and on wood chips. The ability of bacteria, immobilized on these media, to purify the aqueous medium from perchlorate ions was investigated. Reduction of perchlorate ions is more efficiently performed by cells of Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 bacteria immobilized in agar than on wood chips. Sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfotomaculum AR1 and D. desulfuricans Ya-11 are able to use perchlorate ions as electron acceptors, purifying the polluted aquatic environment from these pollutants.

Nitrate reductase from a sulfate reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774

1995 ◽  
Vol 59 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Carla Carneiro ◽  
Maria João Almendra ◽  
Sergey Bursakov ◽  
Ming-Y Liu ◽  
William J Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

scholarly journals Cadmium Accumulation and DNA Homology with Metal Resistance Genes in Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 4610-4618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naghma Naz ◽  
Hilary K. Young ◽  
Nuzhat Ahmed ◽  
Geoffrey M. Gadd
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Lactate Oxidation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT Cadmium resistance (0.1 to 1.0 mM) was studied in four pure and one mixed culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The growth of the bacteria was monitored with respect to carbon source (lactate) oxidation and sulfate reduction in the presence of various concentrations of cadmium chloride. Two strains Desulfovibrio desulfuricans DSM 1926 and Desulfococcus multivorans DSM 2059 showed the highest resistance to cadmium (0.5 mM). Transmission electron microscopy of the two strains showed intracellular and periplasmic accumulation of cadmium. Dot blot DNA hybridization using the probes for the smtAB, cadAC, and cadD genes indicated the presence of similar genetic determinants of heavy metal resistance in the SRB tested. DNA sequencing of the amplified DNA showed strong nucleotide homology in all the SRB strains with the known smtAB genes encoding synechococcal metallothioneins. Protein homology with the known heavy metal-translocating ATPases was also detected in the cloned amplified DNA of Desulfomicrobium norvegicum I1 and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans DSM 1926, suggesting the presence of multiple genetic mechanisms of metal resistance in the two strains.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria among Disturbed Sediments, Disclosed by Analysis of the Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase Genes (dsrAB)

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 1004-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
L. J. Kerkhof
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT Sediment samples were collected worldwide from 16 locations on four continents (in New York, California, New Jersey, Virginia, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Italy, Latvia, and South Korea) to assess the extent of the diversity and the distribution patterns of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in contaminated sediments. The SRB communities were examined by terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (dsrAB) with NdeII digests. The fingerprints of dsrAB genes contained a total of 369 fluorescent TRFs, of which <20% were present in the GenBank database. The global sulfidogenic communities appeared to be significantly different among the anthropogenically impacted (petroleum-contaminated) sites, but nearly all were less diverse than pristine habitats, such as mangroves. A global SRB indicator species of petroleum pollution was not identified. However, several dsrAB gene sequences corresponding to hydrocarbon-degrading isolates or consortium members were detected in geographically widely separated polluted sites. Finally, a cluster analysis of the TRFLP fingerprints indicated that many SRB microbial communities were most similar on the basis of close geographic proximity (tens of kilometers). Yet, on larger scales (hundreds to thousands of kilometers) SRB communities could cluster with geographically widely separated sites and not necessarily with the site with the closest proximity. These data demonstrate that SRB populations do not adhere to a biogeographic distribution pattern similar to that of larger eukaryotic organisms, with the greatest species diversity radiating from the Indo-Pacific region. Rather, a patchy SRB distribution is encountered, implying an initially uniform SRB community that has differentiated over time.

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