Effects of cholesterol on growth and lipid composition of Pythium sp. PRL 2142

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Brushaber ◽  
J. J. Child ◽  
R. H. Haskins
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Weight Yield

Addition of exogenous cholesterol to Pythium initially increases the growth rate, but the final dry weight yield is reduced. Cholesterol induces an overall increase in lipid synthesis after the initial period of rapid growth. The lipid content of cholesterol-grown mycelium becomes about double that of mycelium grown without cholesterol. The proportion of phosphatidyl serine relative to other phospholipids is reduced by half in mycelia grown with cholesterol. The major phospholipids are phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, and phosphatidyl choline. Minor phospholipids identified are phosphatidyl inositol, lysophosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, and cardiolipin. No significant differences were noted in fatty acid composition.

scholarly journals Screening Tests of Reproductive Immunology in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenka Ulcova-Gallova ◽  
Alice Mockova ◽  
Miroslava Cedikova
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Beta 2

Female patients in reproductive age with systemic lupus erythematosus and fertility complications together are observed by rheumatologists, gynecologists, and reproductive immunologists. The paper notes the presence of autoantibodies to zona pellucida, to phospholipids (phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidic acid, annexin V, beta-2 glycoprotein I, and cardiolipin) and of isoantibodies to sperm cells. Isoantibodies to sperm cells are not significantly predominant, but autoimmunity is well expressed in IgG positivity against phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, cardiolipin, and beta-2 glycoprotein I, as well as antizona pellucida antibodies in IgG isotype. According to the levels of autoantibodies we have to choose preventive treatment to protect mother and her foetus.

METABOLISM OF EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR IN VITRO: SUBCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS NEWLY FORMED FROM14C-LABELED PRECURSORS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1461-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Donisch ◽  
R. J. Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Ethanolamine Plasmalogen

When Ehrlich ascites cells were incubated in a suitable medium containing choline-1,2-14C, ethanolamine-1,2-14C, L-serine-14C, or glycerol-1-14C, radioactivity was recovered from the lipid fraction. With choline-1,2-14C, radioactivity was incorporated into the three choline-containing phospholipids, lecithin, choline plasmalogen, and sphingomyelin. Radioactivity from ethanolamine-1,2-14C was incorporated into phosphatidyl ethanolamine, ethanolamine plasmalogen, choline plasmalogen, and lecithin. Radioactivity from L-serine-14C was incorporated into phosphatidyl serine, serine plasmalogen, and phosphatide acid, with lesser amounts into phosphatidyl ethanolamine, lecithin, ethanolamine plasmalogen, choline plasmalogen, and sphingomyelin. Radioactivity from glycerol-1-14C was incorporated into the glycerophosphatides, phosphatidic acid, lecithin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl inositol, and choline plasmalogen. Radioactivity from this precursor was also incorporated into sphingomyelin.In all instances, radioactivity was recovered from the phosphatides in the nuclear, mitochondrial, and microsomal fractions of the tumor. Usually, the specific radioactivity of the phosphatides in the microsomal fraction exceeded that in the other two subcellular fractions.

Clotting Activity of Platelet Phospholipids in Rat and Man

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Gautheron ◽  
E Dumont ◽  
S Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatidyl Choline ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Platelet Phospholipid ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Recalcification Time

SummaryThe clotting activity of man and rat platelet phospholipid fractions separated by bi-dimensional TLC, resuspended in Tyrode by sonication, was studied in the recalcification (manual) and in the Stypven (recalcification plus Russell’s viper venom) clotting time (determined in a coagulometer). Phosphatidyl serine was the most active fraction to shorten the two clotting tests utilized, in both rat and man, but it was much more effective in the Stypven time. The phosphatidyl ethanolamine was the second most active fraction, in the Stypven time; this fraction was almost as active as phosphatidyl serine in both animal species. The other fractions studied (phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl choline and sphingomyelin) were sligthly active or not active, depending on the experimental conditions.The clotting activity of platelet phosphatidyl serine from rat, at concentrations corresponding to platelet counts from 1 to 10 ( X105), was much smaller than this of the disrupted (sonicated) platelets from which it originated. However, the clotting activity of sonicated platelets could be completely reproduced, either at each concentration studied (Stypven time) or at a concentration corresponding to lOxlO5 platelets (recalcification time), by adding to phosphatidyl serine the other four phospholipid fractions (phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, sphingomyelin) dispersed in a homogeneous way by sonication.The feeding of a butter-rich diet to rats considerably increased the activity of each of the platelet phospholipid fractions in the two clotting tests carried out.

scholarly journals Lipidomic profiling of the developing kernel clarifies the lipid metabolism of Paeonia ostii

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shui-Yan Yu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yu-Ping Lyu ◽  
Zu-Jie Yao ◽  
Yong-Hong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Fatty Acyls

AbstractLipid components in the developing kernel of Paeonia ostii were determined, and the fatty acid (FA) distributions in triacylglycerol and phospholipids were characterized. The lipids in the kernel were mainly phospholipids (43%), neutral glycerides (24%), fatty acyls (26%), and sphingolipids (4.5%). The dominant neutral glycerides were TAG and diacylglycerol. The PL components included phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl inositol, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. As the kernel developed, the profiles of the molecular species comprising TAG and PL changed, especially during the earlier phases of oil accumulation. During rapid oil accumulation, the abundances of sphingosine-1-phosphate, pyruvic acid, stearic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid changed significantly; the sphingolipid metabolism and unsaturated FAs biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched in these differentially abundant metabolites. Our results improve our understanding of lipid accumulation in tree peony seeds, and provide a framework for the analysis of lipid metabolisms in other oil crops.

LIPIDS OF SERRATIA MARCESCENS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kates ◽  
G. A. Adams ◽  
S. M. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Monoenoic Acid ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Bound Lipids ◽  
Cellular Lipids

Cells of Serratia marcescens, whether pigmented or unpigmented, contained 10–11% of methanol–chloroform extractable lipids (dry weight basis) and < 1% of bound lipids. The extractable lipids contained 34–43% phosphatides, 3–11% unsaponifiable material, and 2–5% free fatty acid. The phosphatides contained high proportions of phosphatidyl ethanolamine and smaller amounts of phosphatidyl serine, polyglycerol phosphatides, phosphatidyl glycerol, and an unidentified ninhydrin-positive phosphatide probably associated with ornithine and other amino acids found in the lipid hydrolyzate.The fatty acids were found to consist largely of palmitic, C17- and C19-cyclopropane and C16- and C18-monoenoic acids. The proportions of monoenoic and cyclopropane acids were found to vary greatly with the age of the cultures; in the early stages of growth, regardless of pigmentation, low amounts of cyclopropane acids and high amounts of monoenoic acid were present, the latter being converted almost completely to cyclopropane acids during the active growth phase.The lipids associated with extracellular lipopolysaccharide material were similar in composition to the cellular lipids.

THE INCORPORATION OF PALMITATE-1-14C BY RAT LUNG IN VITRO

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Naimark ◽  
D. Klass
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Exogenous Glucose ◽  
Lipid Fractions

The incorporation of palmitate-1-14C into various lipid fractions was studied in rat lung in vitro. Most of the radioactivity was found in phospholipid, although in terms of decreasing specific activity the lipids were ranked: free fatty acid (FFA), glycerides, phospholipid. In addition to the usual glycerophosphatides, rat lung contained a substance with some of the chromatographic characteristics of phosphatidyl dimethylethanolamine. In terms of decreasing specific activities the phospholipids were ranked: phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl dimethylethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine plus phosphatidyl inositol, sphingomyelin plus lysophosphatidyl choline. Inhibition of oxidative energy production by hypoxia, cyanide, or low temperature markedly depressed the esterification of palmitate-1-14C. Less marked depression was observed in the absence of exogenous glucose. In all cases the decreased incorporation was associated with an increase in the total and specific radioactivity in tissue FFA. It is concluded that energy-independent exchange reactions are probably of little importance in the incorporation of FFA into esterified lipids of lung tissue. Under conditions of metabolic inhibition the penetration of labelled FFA into the tissue FFA pool does not appear to limit esterification.

BIOSYNTHESIS OF LIPIDS IN PLANTS: I. INCORPORATION OF ORTHOPHOSPHATE-32P AND GLYCEROPHOSPHATE-32P INTO PHOSPHATIDES OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS DURING PHOTOSYNTHESIS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1445-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Sastry ◽  
M. Kates
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of incorporation of 32P from orthophosphate-32P or DL-α-glycerophosphate-32P into the phosphatides of Chlorella vulgaris during photosynthesis was studied. Rapid labelling of phosphatidyl glycerol was observed with both precursors, followed by lower rates of incorporation into lecithin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and phosphatidyl inositol. The results are discussed in the light of biosynthetic pathways known for animal and bacterial cells.

The growth and performance of cotton in a desert environment: II. Dry matter production

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Sink Size ◽  
And Performance

SUMMARYVariety, water and spacing were treatments in two experiments with cotton in 1963 and 1964 in which fruiting points, flowers and bolls were counted and the dry weights and leaf areas of plants were measured at intervals during the season.Until leaf-area index, L, started to decrease, the equation described how dry weight, W, changed. The equation gave smoothed estimates of crop growth rate, C, which were consistent with estimates of photosynthesis made with de Wit's (1965) model. The relationship between G and L conformed to , derived from Beer's Law, rather than C = aL — bL2 derived from the linear regression of E on L. When L > 3 the crop appeared to use most of the available light, so that C approached a maximum. Treatments initially affected dry-matter production through the numbers and types of branches and nodes, which in turn affected the sinks available and thus the proportion of dry matter reinvested in new leaf. This initial period, when growth was simple to describe in conventional terms, was denned as the vegetative phase of growth.The start of the reproductive phase of growth overlapped the vegetative phase. The change from one to the other was completed when the rate of dry weight increase of the bolls, CB, equalled C. This indicated that the sink formed by the bolls had increased sufficiently in size to use all the assimilates available for growth. Sink size increased as the crop flowered and was estimated from the product of the number of bolls and the growth rate of a single boll.When CB equalled C, bolls were shed which prevented the size of the sink to increase beyond the ability of the plant to supply it with assimilates. This agrees with Mason's nutritional theory of boll shedding. Because of the crop's morphology and because age decreased the photosynthesis of the crop, the size of the sink inevitably increased out of phase with the supply of assimilates. The extent to which this was so determined when CB equalled C. It is postulated that environment, genotype and agronomic practice affect yield according to whether they increase or decrease the extent to which the sink size and the supply of assimilates are out of phase.

ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS IN COTTON EXTRAFLORAL NECTAR1

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Stone ◽  
A. C. Thompson ◽  
H. N. Pitre
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Extrafloral Nectar ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Predatory Insects ◽  
Choline Phosphatidyl

Extrafloral cotton nectar subjected to gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of six fatty acids. Two saturated acids (palmitic and stearic) and four unsaturated acids (palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic), polar and neutral lipids, respectively, were identified. Thin layer chromotography separated six phospholipids including: phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, lysophosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, and an unknown. Fatty acid concentration was greatest in extrafloral nectar from young plants and decreased as the plants matured. The potential impact of extrafloral nectar lipid concentrations on predatory insects is discussed.

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