Lipid biosynthesis during the recovery of Salmonella typhimurium from thermal injury

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard I. Tomlins ◽  
Gloria L. Vaaler ◽  
Z. John Ordal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acid ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Isotope Dilution Assay ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Species

The heating of Salmonella typhimurium 7136 at 48C produced a sublethal injury. When injured cells were placed in fresh growth medium, they recovered within 3 h their normal tolerance to Levine Eosin Methylene Blue Agar containing 2% NaCl (EMBS). An isotope dilution assay demonstrated that 26.6% of the total lipid extracted from recovered cells was synthesized during the recovery period. Phospholipids synthesized during growth or recovery comprised about 90% of the total lipid. The concentrations of phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl glycerol synthesized during growth or recovery were similar; however, the amount of cardiolipin synthesized during recovery was greater than that obtained from normal cells. The fatty acid species synthesized during recovery were qualitatively similar but quantitatively dissimilar to the fatty acid profile of normal cells. The decreased concentrations of cyclopropane fatty acids with concomitant increases in their parent monoenoic acids gave presumptive evidence for the partial inactivation during injury of the enzyme cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase.

scholarly journals Ornithine decarboxylase, fatty acid synthetase, and lipid levels in selected organs of the postnatal developing male miniature pig

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-386
Author(s):  
Dennis W. Gaines ◽  
Leonard Friedman ◽  
Richard F. Newell ◽  
Roger N. Matthews ◽  
Arlen O. Sager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Miniature Pig ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Miniature Swine ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male Neonate

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) activities were determined in tissues from male neonate and juvenile miniature swine (Hormel-Hanford strain) at various ages. ODC activity was measured in liver, brain, kidney, pancreas, and spleen at one day and at 1, 4, 8, 12 and between 24 and 32 weeks. Hepatic FAS activity, total lipid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were measured at 2, 8, 16, and 32 weeks. Generally, tissue ODC activity was highest in the spleen at all ages. Three postnatal patterns of ODC activity were observed for the different organs. The mean values of FAS activity, total lipid, and cholesterol were highest at 8 weeks compared to other sampling periods.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of Leishmania Cyclopropane Fatty Acid Synthetase

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e51300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel O. Oyola ◽  
Krystal J. Evans ◽  
Terry K. Smith ◽  
Barbara A. Smith ◽  
James D. Hilley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acid

The biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids. II. Mechanistic studies using methionine labelled with one, two, and three deuterium atoms in the methyl group

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Buist ◽  
David B. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cyclopropane Ring ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Slow Step ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Group Transfer

The mechanism of formation of monodeuterated cyclopropane fatty acids on administration of L-methione-methyl-d3 to L. plantarum has been investigated. It has been found that the extent of exchange is not affected by the presence of oxygen in the medium, that neither formate-d0 nor formaldehyde-d2 is significantly incorporated into the fatty acid, and that methionine reisolated from the intracellular pool does not contain any exchanged species. These experiments militate against any mechanism involving exchange prior to methyl group transfer. Parallel feeding experiments using methionine labelled in the methyl group with one, two, or three deuterium atoms were carried out and in this way that extent of exchange was quantitated. It was found that at least one-third of the cyclopropane fatty acid from methionine methyl-d3 experiments is derived from an exchanged methyl group. The intramolecular and intermolecular primary deuterium isotope effects for biological cyclopropane ring formation were measured and found to be 3.2 ± 0.5, and 1.01 ± 0.04, respectively. These results are consistent with a mechanism in which a methyl group is transferred in a slow step which is followed by a fast, partially reversible, protonation-deprotonation step.

The effect of temperature and other growth conditions on the fatty acid composition of Escherichia coli

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 835-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. McGarrity ◽  
John B. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acid ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acids ◽  
K 12

During exponential growth, strain AW405 of Escherichia coli K-12 did not regulate the fatty acid composition of its lipids in response either to temperature or to the addition of NaCl, KCl, or MgCl2 to the medium. Growth was severely restricted at temperatures below 21 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the isolated lipids from a culture with a typical exponential-phase composition yielded a broad transition, extending from approximately 0 to 33 °C, with a midpoint at 19 °C.During late stages of growth, the fatty acid composition changed. The percentage of palmitic acid increased and cyclopropane fatty acids replaced some of the equivalent unsaturated fatty acids. The increase in palmitate seemed largely independent of growth conditions, whereas the increase in the cyclopropane fatty acids was stimulated by the addition of salts or sucrose. Cultures grown in the presence of sucrose also had higher cyclopropane fatty acid levels during exponential growth. DSC of lipids from a sucrose culture, in which the compositional changes were most pronounced, yielded a much narrower transition with a midpoint at 27 °C.

Raman spectroscopy as a tool for tracking cyclopropane fatty acids in genetically engineeredSaccharomyces cerevisiae

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 901-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Kochan ◽  
Huadong Peng ◽  
Eunice S. H. Gwee ◽  
Ekaterina Izgorodina ◽  
Victoria Haritos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acid ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acids

We demonstrate the first spectrum of cyclopropane fatty acid and track its presence in yeast using Raman spectroscopy and PLS-DA.

The biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids. I. Feeding experiments with oleic acid-9,10-d2, oleic acid-8,8,11,11-d4, and L-methionine-methyl-d3

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 828-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Buist ◽  
David B. Maclean
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Cyclopropane Ring ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acid ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acids ◽  
Methylene Unit ◽  
Methylene Group

cis-9-Octadecenoic acid-9,10-d2 and cis-9-octadecenoic acid-8,8,11,11-d4 and L-methionine-methyl-d3 were administered to cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum and converted by the organism to the corresponding cyclopropyl compounds. The first experiment showed that no scrambling or loss of label occurred when a methylene unit was added across the double bond of the labelled substrate. In the second experiment, again, no loss or scrambling of label occurred, a result which ruled out any mechanism for biological cyclopropanation involving allylic activation of the double bond. The third experiment yielded a biosynthetic cyclopropane fatty acid containing deuterium located exclusively at the methylene group of the cyclopropane ring. Up to 17% of a d1-species accompanied the major dideuterated compound. The lone deuterium in the d1-cyclopropane fatty acid occupies both positions of the methylene group to the same extent. It has been shown that the extent to which d1-cyclopropane fatty acid is produced increases with cell growth. The extent of exchange was similar in the cyclopropanation of both the 9,10-and 11,12-isomers of cis-octadecenoic acid.

Lipid metabolism in Achlya: studies of lipid turnover during development

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1710-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon W. T. Law ◽  
David N. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Lipid Turnover

The life cycle of Achlya involves germination of spores to form coenocytic somatic hyphae, followed by differentiation of hyphal tips into sporangia. From germination to release of new spores occupies 27–30 h. Total lipid made up 10% of dry weight in ungerminated spores. After germination, total lipid fell to 6% of dry weight in 15 h, then rose to7.7% at the time of sporangium formation. Half of the initial loss of lipid took place within 2 h of germination. The ability of Achlya to incorporate [1-14C]acetate into lipid was maximal at the time of sporangium formation, and glycerides were the principal component of total lipid to become 14C-labelled at all stages of the life cycle. Fatty acid synthetase activity measured in cell-free extracts was low in spores and in actively elongating mycelium, but increased during differentiation to a level 15-fold greater than that in spores. Fatty acid oxidation, as estimated by the release of 14CO2 from 1-14C-labelled fatty acids, was also maximal at the time of sporangium formation.

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