A tissue culture technique for the assay of antibacterial immune sera

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Diena ◽  
R. Wallace ◽  
C. P. Kenny ◽  
L. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Bacterial Challenge ◽  
Monkey Kidney Cell

A tissue culture assay method is described in which monkey kidney cell cultures were protected by antibacterial immune serum against infection by Salmonella typhi, Neisseria meningitidis, or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The neutralization of the bacterial challenge was specific since neither heterologous nor normal sera gave significant protection to the tissue cultures.

Studies on the Mechanism of Substrate Induction and L-Cyst(e)ine Repression of Alkaline Phosphatase in Mammalian Cell Cultures

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-555
Author(s):  
M. J. GRIFFIN ◽  
R. P. COX
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Phosphate Esters ◽  
Kidney Cell Line ◽  
Monkey Kidney Cell ◽  
African Green Monkey Kidney ◽  
Mammalian Cell Cultures ◽  
Green Monkey ◽  
Substrate Induction

The mechanisms of substrate induction and L-cyst(e)ine repression of alkaline phosphatase were studied in tissue culture using an established African green monkey kidney cell line (BS-C-I). L-Cyst(e)ine repression and substrate induction are mutually antagonistic. Evidence is presented which suggests that the increase in alkaline phosphatase levels induced by mono-phosphate esters may in part be due to protection of the enzyme from cellular degradation, while L-cyst(e)ine is believed to act either by repressing the synthesis of the enzyme or by selectively increasing its catabolism.

scholarly journals Quantitative Image-Based Cell Viability (QuantICV) Assay for Microfluidic 3D Tissue Culture Applications

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Louis Jun Ye Ong ◽  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Gabriel Jenn Sern Tan ◽  
Yi-Chin Toh
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Quantitative Image

Microfluidic 3D tissue culture systems are attractive for in vitro drug testing applications due to the ability of these platforms to generate 3D tissue models and perform drug testing at a very small scale. However, the minute cell number and liquid volume impose significant technical challenges to perform quantitative cell viability measurements using conventional colorimetric or fluorometric assays, such as MTS or Alamar Blue. Similarly, live-dead staining approaches often utilize metabolic dyes that typically label the cytoplasm of live cells, which makes it difficult to segment and count individual cells in compact 3D tissue cultures. In this paper, we present a quantitative image-based cell viability (QuantICV) assay technique that circumvents current challenges of performing the quantitative cell viability assay in microfluidic 3D tissue cultures. A pair of cell-impermeant nuclear dyes (EthD-1 and DAPI) were used to sequentially label the nuclei of necrotic and total cell populations, respectively. Confocal microscopy and image processing algorithms were employed to visualize and quantify the cell nuclei in the 3D tissue volume. The QuantICV assay was validated and showed good concordance with the conventional bulk MTS assay in static 2D and 3D tumor cell cultures. Finally, the QuantICV assay was employed as an on-chip readout to determine the differential dose responses of parental and metastatic 3D oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to Gefitinib in a microfluidic 3D culture device. This proposed technique can be useful in microfluidic cell cultures as well as in a situation where conventional cell viability assays are not available.

CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN IRRADIATED CELLS OF CHINESE HAMSTER GROWN IN TISSUE CULTURE

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Resa Wakonig ◽  
D. K. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Unusual Chromosome

Various types of chromosome aberrations were described and their incidence recorded from analyses of metaphases derived from irradiated tissue cultures of the Chinese hamster. The aberrations included: chromatid breaks, incomplete breaks, isolocus breaks, various types of chromatid interchanges, chromatid intrachanges, minutes, and rings. The chromosomes taking part in. various configurations could usually be identified, at least into certain groups. The aberrations encountered after irradiation were of the chromatid type. The lowest dose used was 15 rads and it caused abnormalities. The graph relating the incidence of breaks to the chromosome length was not a straight line but curved suggesting a nonproportionally large increase of breaks with the long chromosomes.The advantages of the tissue culture technique and the unusual chromosome complement of the Chinese hamster were found to be, as anticipated, of great value in this study and could be utilized in various research problems.

scholarly journals A Tissue Culture Study of Morphine Dependence on the Mammalian CNS

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghadirian
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Morphine Sulfate ◽  
Morphine Dependence ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Culture Study ◽  
Low Concentrations

The addicting influence of morphine sulfate on the nervous tissue of new-born rabbits and puppies was studied by using the tissue culture technique. Certain low concentrations of morphine seemed to stimulate the growth of the cells as mitosis and proliferation increased. Nerve cells subjected to morphine sulfate developed increasing tolerance and physical dependence, which was tested through the processes of exposure to higher concentrations of morphine sulfate, withdrawal and reintroduction of this drug to the tissue cultures. Symbols in Figures MS: morphine sulfate DIV: days in vitro T.T.: number of test tubes RMS: reintroduction of morphine sulfate

NUTRITION OF ANIMAL CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE: VII. USE OF REPLICATE CELL CULTURES IN THE EVALUATION OF SYNTHETIC MEDIA

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-318
Author(s):  
Raymond C. Parker ◽  
George M. Healy ◽  
Dorothy C. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Relative Toxicity ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Simple Screening ◽  
Natural Media

The replicate culture assay procedures of Earle and his associates have been adapted for use in evaluating the effectiveness of synthetic media. For this purpose, use has also been made of Earle's L strain mouse cells. Washed and continuously stirred suspensions of these or similar strains of cells may be dispensed, with reasonable assurance of uniformity, into a series of replicate cultures, the number depending on the volume of the suspension and the capacity and effectiveness of the stirring and dispensing unit. For use with synthetic media, the original procedures for the preparation and care of the replicate cultures and for their subsequent treatment for the counting of isolated, stained nuclei have been modified considerably. This paper describes the procedures that were finally adopted and also describes a relatively simple screening procedure in which washed cell suspensions may be used to advantage in making preliminary assays of synthetic media and in testing the relative toxicity or growth stimulating effects of substances added to, or derived from, natural media.

NUTRITION OF ANIMAL CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE: VII. USE OF REPLICATE CELL CULTURES IN THE EVALUATION OF SYNTHETIC MEDIA

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond C. Parker ◽  
George M. Healy ◽  
Dorothy C. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Relative Toxicity ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Simple Screening ◽  
Natural Media

The replicate culture assay procedures of Earle and his associates have been adapted for use in evaluating the effectiveness of synthetic media. For this purpose, use has also been made of Earle's L strain mouse cells. Washed and continuously stirred suspensions of these or similar strains of cells may be dispensed, with reasonable assurance of uniformity, into a series of replicate cultures, the number depending on the volume of the suspension and the capacity and effectiveness of the stirring and dispensing unit. For use with synthetic media, the original procedures for the preparation and care of the replicate cultures and for their subsequent treatment for the counting of isolated, stained nuclei have been modified considerably. This paper describes the procedures that were finally adopted and also describes a relatively simple screening procedure in which washed cell suspensions may be used to advantage in making preliminary assays of synthetic media and in testing the relative toxicity or growth stimulating effects of substances added to, or derived from, natural media.

Isolation of Arboviruses From Cattle and Insects at 2 Sentinel Sites in Queensland, Australia, 1979-85

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
DH Cybinski ◽  
MJ Muller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Akabane Virus ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Bovine Ephemeral Fever ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Intrathoracic Inoculation ◽  
First Time

Blood samples were collected regularly from two sentinel herds of cattle in northern and southern Queensland between 1979 and 1985. From 2660 samples, virus isolation attempts using baby hamster kidney (BHK21) and Aedes albopictus (AA) tissue cultures and suckling mice produced 308 viruses of which 243 (79%) were in the Palyam subgroup of orbiviruses. Mosquitoes and biting midges were collected at the southern sentinel herd site in January-February 1984 and processed for virus isolation in BHK2l and AA tissue cultures and by intrathoracic inoculation of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Totals of 14 338 midges of four species in 156 pools, and 9030 mosquitoes of 27 species in 232 pools, were processed and yielded 59 isolations. Of the 35 viruses isolated from Culicoides brevitarsis, 17 were members of the Palyam subgroup. Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus was isolated once from Anopheles bancroftii, once from C. brevitarsis and 17 times from cattle. Akabane virus was isolated for the first time from C. wadai, as well as a further 10 times from C. brevitarsis and 20 times from cattle. Other viruses isolated from cattle included bluetongue serotype 1, and serotypes 5, 6 and 7 of epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer (EHD). A new BEF group virus, tentatively called Oak Vale, was isolated nine times from Culex edwardsi mosquitoes. Of the orbiviruses, those in the Palyam subgroup were isolated almost exclusively in BHK2l tissue cultures but those in the bluetongue and EHD subgroups were isolated almost exclusively in AA cell cultures or after passage through Ae. aegypti. Of 22 rhabdovirus isolations from blood and insects (BEF, Kimberley and Tibrogargan), 16 were made only in AA cell cultures or after passage through Ae. aegypti.

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