Antigen-sensitive spleen cells and the adjuvant activity of Bordetella pertussis

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Finger ◽  
P. Emmerling ◽  
M. Büsse
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Primary Immunization ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Adjuvant Activity ◽  
Simultaneous Injection ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes

In this study we determined at both the cellular and humoral level whether or not the primary immune response of mice can be significantly enhanced by administration of a bacterial adjuvant after the primary immunization with sheep erythrocytes. As compared to the immunization of mice with 8 × 106 sheep erythrocytes alone, the simultaneous injection of 3 × 109Bordetella pertussis cells and 8 × 106 sheep erythrocytes resulted in an accelerated and prolonged multiplication of hemolysin-forming spleen cells. The adjuvant effect was also documented by increased production of serum hemolysins. When the bacterial adjuvant was given 6, 12, or 24 h after the primary antigenic stimulus, however, neither increased plaque counts nor enhanced serum hemolysin titers were detectable. These findings agree with the concept that B. pertussis cells cause multiplication of antigen-sensitive target cells or affect the initial stages of differentiation of these cells.

Variable Adjuvant Activity of Bordetella pertussis with Respect to the Primary and Secondary Immunization of Mice

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
H. Finger ◽  
P. Emmerling ◽  
E. Brüss
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Primary Immunization ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Adjuvant Activity ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes ◽  
X Cells

We carried out a study on the adjuvant effect of Bordetella pertussis vaccine on the primary and secondary immune responses of the mouse to sheep erythrocytes, quantitating antibody-producing spleen cells and serum antibody. The simultaneous injection of sheep erythrocytes and B. pertussis , when compared to immunization with sheep red blood cells alone, resulted in an increased and prolonged multiplication of antibody-forming spleen cells. The adjuvant effect was also documented by increased production of serum hemolysins and agglutinins. Further, B. pertussis enhanced the priming effect of the antigen for the secondary response. However, when the bacterial adjuvant was given together with a second antigenic stimulus 41 days after the primary immunization, the peak values of direct and indirect plaque-forming spleen cells did not differ from the corresponding control animals further inoculated with sheep erythrocytes alone. Nonetheless, the influence of the bacterial adjuvant was still expressed by the delayed decrease of the numbers of plaque-forming spleen cells. On the basis of the X-Y-Z scheme it is suggested that B. pertussis cells as adjuvant enhance the multiplication of antigen-sensitive X cells or affect the initial stages of differentiation of these cells. This effect of the pertussis vaccine can be distinguished from a general proliferative action on other cells.

The influence of Bordetella pertussis on the preparation of mouse spleens for the secondary immune response

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 814-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Finger ◽  
P. Emmering ◽  
E. Brüss
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Secondary Immune Response ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Simultaneous Injection ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes ◽  
Initial Injection ◽  
Erythrocyte Antigen

The simultaneous injection of 4 × 108 sheep erythrocytes and 3 × 109 killed cells of Bordetella pertussis effects an accelerated and prolonged multiplication of antibody-forming spleen cells if compared with mice immunized with the erythrocyte antigen only. If mice of both groups are given a second injection of 4 × 108 sheep erythrocytes 6 weeks later, the numbers of indirect plaque-forming cells are markedly increased in pertussis-treated mice. This is connected with enhanced 7 S serum hemolysin titers. The conclusion is drawn that an initial injection of B. pertussis prepares the lymphoid tissues of mice for the secondary immune response.

scholarly journals CELL TO CELL INTERACTION IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

1968 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Martin ◽  
J. F. A. P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Antilymphocyte Globulin ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes ◽  
Normal Spleen ◽  
Thymus Cells

In this series of papers it has been shown that the immune response of mice to sheep erythrocytes requires the participation of two classes of lymphoid cells. Thymus-derived cells initially react with antigen and then interact with another class of cells, the antibody-forming cell precursors, to cause their differentiation to antibody-forming cells. Antilymphocyte globulin depressed the ability of mice to respond to sheep erythrocytes. This effect was more marked when the antigen was injected intraperitoneally than intravenously, and occurred only when the antilymphocyte globulin was given before or simultaneously with antigen. Injection of thymus cells restored to near normal the ability to respond to an intravenous injection of sheep erythrocytes. Spleen cells from antilymphocyte globulin-treated mice gave a weak adoptive immune response in irradiated recipients. The addition of thymus cells however enabled a response similar to that given by normal spleen cells. When thymectomized irradiated recipients were used, normal spleen cells continued to give a higher response to a challenge of sheep erythrocytes at 2 and 4 wk postirradiation than did spleen cells from ALG-treated donors. This result is more consistent with the notion that thymus-derived target cells are eliminated, rather than temporarily inactivated, by antilymphocyte globulin. These findings suggest that, in vivo, antilymphocyte globulin acts selectively on the thymus-derived antigen-reactive cells.

scholarly journals CELL INTERACTIONS IN THE PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE IN VITRO: A REQUIREMENT FOR SPECIFIC CELL CLUSTERS

1969 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Mosier
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

Mouse spleen cells were found to associate in cell clusters during the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes in vitro. About 10% of the cell clusters had the following unique properties; (a) they contained most, if not all, antibody-forming cells, (b) they contained only cells forming antibody to one antigen when cell cultures were immunized with two antigens, (c) the cells in clusters reaggregated specifically after dispersion, and (d) the specific reaggregation of clusters appeared to be blocked by antibody to the antigen. The integrity of cell clusters was required for the proliferation of antibody-forming cells, and prevention of clustering by mechanical means or by excess antibody blocked the immune response. Antibody and antigenic determinants on the surfaces of cells probably provide the basis for interaction. The unique microenvironment of cell clusters was essential for the primary immune response in vitro.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF HYDROCORTISONE ON THE IN VITRO PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE OF MOUSE SPLEEN CELLS TO SHEEP ERYTHROCYTES

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASANOBU SUGIMOTO ◽  
SHIN-ICHI TAMURA ◽  
TAKESHI KURATA ◽  
YASUYUKI EGASHIRA
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes

Dual effect of meningococcal antigens on a T cell dependent immune response

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1619-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian G. Sparkes
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Sheep Erythrocyte ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Dual Effect ◽  
Adjuvant Activity ◽  
Nonadherent Cells

Meningococcal antigens (MA) showed adjuvant activity when administered to mice at the same time as antigen (sheep erythrocyte (SE)), by increasing the splenocyte plaque-forming response in a dose-related manner. However, when SE were given 1 day after MA administration, the subsequent plaque formation was diminished from normal in proportion to the dose of MA injected. Splenocytes taken from mice up to 5 days after MA injection actively inhibited plaque formation when mixed with splenocytes immunized with SE 4 days earlier. Two days after MA injection the nonspecific inhibition of plaque formation was mainly due to adherent spleen cells, while at 5 days nonadherent cells had acquired the inhibitory activity. It appears that it is the degree of activation of adherent cells resulting from the timing and dosage of MA which modulates the subsequent development and secretion of antibody-forming cells.

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