A broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by a species of Cryptosporiopsis

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Stillwell ◽  
F. A. Wood ◽  
G. M. Strunz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽  
Imperfect Fungus ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A growth inhibitor with the molecular formula C10H10O4Cl2 was isolated from a medium which had supported growth of a species of Cryptosporiopsis, an imperfect fungus. The compound was named cryptosporiopsin and was characterized on the basis of its physical and chemical properties. Cryptosporiopsin was active in vitro against many wood-rotting basidiomycetes as well as some phycomycetes, ascomycetes, and deuteromycetes. It was more effective than Dithane M-22 or nystatin against the in vitro spore germination of Phytophthora infestans. It was active to varying degrees against six species of bacteria. Cryptosporiopsin was compared with Orbenin and streptomycin against a penicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus.

First insights into the biochemistry ofSabella spallanzanii(Annelida: Polychaeta) mucus: a potentially unexplored resource for applicative purposes

2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana Stabili ◽  
Roberto Schirosi ◽  
Angela Di Benedetto ◽  
Alessandro Merendino ◽  
Luciano Villanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
And Function ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Although mucus plays many different roles among marine invertebrates, relatively little is known about the link between biochemical structure and function. In the present study we focused on some physical and chemical properties of the polychaeteSabella spallanzanii's mucus such as viscosity, osmolarity, electrical conductivity, elemental composition, the protein and carbohydrate content, the total lipids and fatty acid composition, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination. Moreover, an antimicrobial activity of the mucus was investigated. The water content ofS. spallanzaniimucus was 96.2±0.3%. By dry weight 26±1.2% was protein, 8±0.21% was carbohydrate and only 0.1% lipid, much of the remainder of the dry weight was inorganic (about 65.2%). The estimated PCBs content was <0.005 μg g−1. The mucus ofS. spallanzaniiexerted a natural lysozyme-like activity and producedin vitrothe growth inhibition ofVibrio anguillarum, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas aeruginosaandCandida albicans.The findings from this study contribute to improve the limited knowledge available on the mucus composition in invertebrates and have implications for future investigations related to employment ofS. spallanzaniimucus as a source of compounds of pharmaceutical and marine technological interest.

Efficacy, safety, and physicochemical properties of a flowable hemostatic agent made from absorbable gelatin sponge via vacuum pressure steam sterilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 088532822095089
Author(s):  
Yuanxing Zhou ◽  
Xiaochi Ma ◽  
Zhonghai Li ◽  
Bo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Hemostatic Agent ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

An effective and viable hemostatic agent is important for stopping bleeding during surgery. However, it is difficult to achieve hemostasis at uneven or deep bleeding sites using a gelatin sponge. A flowable hemostatic agent has therefore been developed by processing and improving gelatin sponge, to address bleeding under these conditions. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy, safety, and physical and chemical properties of this flowable hemostatic agent in various experiments. We examined its efficacy for stopping bleeding in a rabbit model of liver abrasion in vivo, and compared its efficacy in dynamic coagulation and erythrocyte aggregation tests with gelatin sponge in vitro. We also investigated its safety in rat histocompatibility and acute systemic toxicity tests in mice in vivo, and in hemolysis tests in vitro, to determine if the flowable hemostatic agent induced any pathological reactions or adverse events. In terms of its physical and chemical properties, we analyzed the morphology and chemical bonds of the flowable hemostatic agent by optical and electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy, and its absorbency and density. The flowable hemostatic agent resulted in a shorter mean bleeding time, less bleeding, greater likelihood of successful hemostasis, and reduced clotting time compared with gelatin sponge. The flowable agent produced some changes in physical morphology, but no pathological changes or undesirable outcomes were detected. This flowable topical hemostatic agent thus provides a safe and more effective hemostatic method than gelatin sponge, and more promising results for intraoperative hemostasis, especially on uneven or deep bleeding surfaces.

scholarly journals THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID PRODUCED BY STAPHYLOCOCCI RESISTANT TO SULFONAMIDE

1952 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Leskowitz ◽  
Charles L. Fox ◽  
Samuel Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Positive Identification ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Unequivocal Identification ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Previous studies have shown that when Staphylococcus aureus becomes resistant to sulfonamides, an antisulfonamide substance is produced in the growth medium. Although these studies suggested that the substance was p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), isolation and positive identification were not achieved. Because of the importance of these observations, unequivocal identification of the product was attempted. A strain of Stapkylococcus aureus resistant to sulfonamides was cultivated on a simplified medium, the organisms separated in a Sharples centrifuge and the diazotisable amine absorbed on amberlite IR-120 previously acidified. Elution was accomplished with pyridine and the amine recovered by ether extraction at pH 3.7. Paper chromatography revealed one amine resembling PABA and another contaminating diazotizable amine present in very small amounts. The PABA-like amine was further separated by chromatography; its Rf value and its spectrum in the ultraviolet then equalled those obtained with PABA. A 2,4-dlnltrophenyl derivative of the amine was prepared and the m.p. was similar to that of the derivative made from PABA. On the basis of the physical and chemical properties described, it would appear unequivocal that this bacterial amine is PABA.

OPTIMASI PENAMBAHAN MADU SEBAGAI ZAT ANTI BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus, PADA PRODUK SABUN MANDI CAIR

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Alvera Raisa ◽  
Srikandi Srikandi ◽  
Ricson P. Hutagaol
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Liquid Bath ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Optimization of the Addition of Honey as an agent of an Anti bacterial Agent Staphylococcus aureus in Production of Shower liquid soapThe study was begun with making the basic shower liquid soap, then aditing the honey with a variety of different concentrations. In this study, the addition of honey were 0%; 2,5%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%; 12,5% and 15%. After that tested the effectiveness of antibacterial agent microbiology. Then analyzing physical and chemical properties of liquid soap in accordance with SNI 06-4085-1996. The parameters tested were pH, viscosity, and density, test quantity foam, and test preferences. Optimal concentration of the addition of honey in a liquid bath soap to be able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus are at the level of 10%. When compared with Triclosan soap, shower liquid soap with the addition of honey 5% could compete with antibacterial properties of triclosan soap using a concentration of 0.3%. The addition of honey with various concentrations of honey affect the physical and chemical properties of liquid soap such as pH, viscosity, density, and the amount of foam.Keywords: Liquid Soap, Honey and bacteria Staphylococcus aureus   ABSTRAKPenelitian dimulai dengan melakukan pembuatan dasar sabun mandi cair, kemudian dilakukan penambahan madu dengan berbagai konsentrasi berbeda. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan penambahan madu sampai lebih dari 5% yaitu 0%; 2,5%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%; 12,5% dan 15%. Setelah itu dilakukan uji efektifitas dari zat antibakteri secara mikrobiologi. Kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap sifat fisika dan kimia sabun mandi cair sesuai dengan SNI 06-4085-1996.  Parameter yang diuji adalah pH, viskositas, dan berat jenis, uji banyak busa, dan uji kesukaan. Konsentrasi optimal penambahan madu pada sabun mandi cair untuk bisa menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus adalah pada taraf 10%. Bila dibandingkan dengan sabun Triclosan, sabun mandi cair dengan penambahan madu 5% dapat menyaingi sifat antibakteri dari sabun yang menggunakan Triclosan dengan konsentrasi 0,3%. Penambahan madu dengan berbagai konsentrasi berpengaruh kepada sifat fisika dan kimia dari sabun mandi cair seperti pH, viskositas, berat jenis, serta jumlah busa.Kata kunci :  Sabun Mandi Cair, Madu dan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus

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