A PROTEOLYTIC PSEUDOMONAD FROM SKIN LESIONS OF RAINBOW TROUT (SALMO GAIRDNERII): I. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PATHOGENIC EFFECTS AND THE EXTRACELLULAR PROTEINASE

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Li ◽  
Carol Flemming
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Extracellular Proteinase ◽  
Bacterial Proteinase ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Trout Muscle ◽  
Live Organism

A fluorescent pseudomonad producing a powerful extracellular proteinase and closely resembling but not identical with Pseudomonas fluorescens was isolated from skin lesions of rainbow trout. Subcutaneous injection of the live organism into healthy frogs caused a condition typical of redleg disease, followed by death, and its subcutaneous injection into healthy rainbow trout caused the formation of large, necrotic, swollen areas filled with fluid. The organism was re-isolated from the deliberately infected animals and histological examinations showed a high degree of destruction of the muscular tissue in the affected areas. The pathogenic effect observed was apparently due to the extracellular bacterial proteinase. Growth of the pseudomonad was insignificant at 3 °C and 37 °C, was slight at 8 °C, and optimal between 15 and 25 °C, and the culture filtrates possessed strong proteolytic activity against casein, hemoglobin, and rainbow trout muscle albumin. The production of this proteinase was dependent on the growth of the organism and the composition of the growth medium.

A proteolytic pseudomonad from skin lesions of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii). II. Some properties of the proteinase

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 875-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Li ◽  
Carol Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Bivalent Cations ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Trout Muscle ◽  
Cellulose Column

An extracellular proteinase from a pseudomonad pathogenic to rainbow trout was purified 33-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, and Sephadex G 75 gel filtration. The purified enzyme was active over a wide pH range, from pH 5.0 to 10.0. Heating at 98 °C for 1 h did not completely inactivate the enzyme. Its observed temperature optimum was 45 °C. Michaelis–Menten constants were found to be 0.625% for casein and 0.263% for rainbow trout muscle albumin. Activation energies calculated for these substrates were 8.1 kcal and 11.4 kcal per mole, respectively. The involvement of bivalent cations and free sulfhydryl groups in the enzymatic activity was demonstrated by the inhibition caused by metal-complexing agents and p-chloromercuribenzoate, respectively.

Tissue damage in organic rainbow trout muscle investigated by proteomics and bioinformatics

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2180-2190
Author(s):  
Tune Wulff ◽  
Tomé Silva ◽  
Michael Engelbrecht Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Trout Muscle

The impact of feeding beta2-adrenergic agonists on rainbow trout muscle beta2-adrenoceptors and protein synthesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Lortie ◽  
T. Arnason ◽  
S. G. Dugan ◽  
J. G. Nickerson ◽  
T. W. Moon
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Adrenergic Agonists ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trout Muscle

UTILIZATION OF LIPIDS BY FISH: I. FATTY ACID OXIDATION BY TISSUE SLICES FROM DARK AND WHITE MUSCLE OF RAINBOW TROUT (SALMO GAIRDNERII)

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bilinski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Dark Muscle ◽  
Pronounced Difference

The ability of the muscular tissue of fish to oxidize fatty acids has been studied on rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii). The rate of oxidation of Na hexanoate-1-C14, K octanoate-1-C14, and K myristate-1-C14by tissue slices from the lateral dark muscle and from the dorsal white muscle was determined at 25 °C by measuring the formation of C14O2. This transformation can be demonstrated in both the white and dark muscle; however, quantitatively a very pronounced difference exists between the two tissues, the dark muscle being more active.

Glycerylphosphorylcholine and Related Compounds in Rainbow Trout Muscle Stored at −4 C

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. E. Jonas ◽  
E. Bilinski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Free Choline ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Trout Muscle

Glycerylphosphorylcholine in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) muscle stored at −4 C showed an increase from 36 μmoles/100 g in fresh muscle to 46 μmoles/100 g after 2 weeks. During longer periods of storage an approximately threefold increase in concentration took place, reaching 123 and 105 μmoles/100 g muscle after 9 and 17 weeks. Liberation of free choline was found to take place after 6 weeks of storage. There was very little change in the concentration of choline after 6 weeks storage when the value was approximately 100 μmoles/100 g. The release of free fatty acid during cold storage showed a general trend, which was similar to the formation of glycerylphosphorylcholine, but quantitatively the changes were more pronounced. Free fatty acids amounted to 45 μmoles/100 g in fresh muscle and rose to a plateau of approximately 1200 μmoles/100 g after 9 weeks of storage. The results are discussed in relation to the enzymic activity present in fish muscle.

scholarly journals Iatrogenic outbreak of M. chelonae skin abscesses

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Camargo ◽  
C. Saad ◽  
F. Ruiz ◽  
M. E. Ramirez ◽  
M. Lineros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mycobacterium Chelonae ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Number Of Injections

SummaryWe describe an outbreak of skin lesions due to Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus associated with injections of lidocaine (lignocaine) given by a ‘bioenergetic’ (a practitioner of alternative medicine) in Colombia. The lidocaine carpules and the lesions of the patients yielded mycobacteria with identical biochemical characteristics.Using the methodology of Sartwell and a case control design we examined the incubation period and assessed risk factors. Of 667 potentially exposed individuals, a total of 298 patients were interviewed, of whom 232 had skin lesions. The median incubation period was 30·5 days (range 15–59 days). Male sex (OR 2·85, 95% CI 1·26–6·51), increasing age (OR 1·25, 95% CI 1·03–1·53), subcutaneous injection route (OR 3·72, 95% CI 1·09–12·7) and number of injections (OR 1·01, 95% CI 1·00–1·03) were risk factors for disease.To our knowledge, this is the largest reported outbreak of M. chelonae infection, the first in which the organism has been isolated from the putative vehicle of infection, and the first in which the incubation period could be determined.

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