THE FATTY ACIDS OF TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Wirth ◽  
S. R. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The fatty acids of Trichophyton rubrum were investigated by gas liquid and by paper chromatography and chemical degradation. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids are the principal ones in this organism, with linoleic acid predominating. Behenic acid was detected by paper chromatography.

scholarly journals Fatty acid chemistry of Atrichum undulatum and Hypnum andoi

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Pejin ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisic ◽  
Marko Sabovljevic ◽  
Vele Tesevic ◽  
Vlatka Vajs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Moss Species

The fatty acid composition of the moss species Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. (Polytrichaceae) and Hypnum andoi A.J.E. Sm. (Hypnaceae) collected in winter time were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a contribution to their chemistry. Eight fatty acids were identified in the chloroform/methanol extract 1:1 of A. undulatum (linoleic acid 26.80%, palmitic acid 22.17%, ?-linolenic acid 20.50%, oleic acid 18.49%, arachidonic acid 6.21%, stearic acid 3.34%, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid 1.52% and behenic acid 1.01%), while six fatty acids were found in the same type of extract of H. andoi (palmitic acid 63.48%, erucic acid 12.38%, stearic acid 8.08%, behenic acid 6.26%, lignoceric acid 5.16% and arachidic acid 4.64%). According to this study, the moss A. undulatum can be considered as a good source of both essential fatty acids for humans (linoleic acid and ?-linolenic acid) during the winter.

Chemical Composition of the Fatty Oils of the Seeds of Cleome Viscosa Accessions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Gopal Rao Mallavarapu ◽  
Vinod Kumar Jain ◽  
Sushil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Trace Constituents ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

Fatty oils of the seeds of Cleome viscosa accessions from Delhi, Jaipur, Faridabad, Surajkund and Hyderabad were methylated and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The major fatty acids, identified as their methyl esters, of the oils from these five locations were palmitic acid (10.2-13.4%), stearic acid (7.2-10.2%), oleic acid (16.9-27.1%) and linoleic acid (47.0-61.1%). In addition, palmitoleic acid, octadec-(11 E)-enoicacid, arachidic acid, eicosa-(11 Z)-enoic acid, linolenic acid, heneicosanoic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, pentacosanoic acid, hexacosanoic acid, 12-oxo-stearic acid, and the alkanes tetracosane, pentacosane, hexacosane, heptacosane, octacosane, nonacosane, triocontane, hentriacontane and dotriacontane, were also identified as minor and trace constituents in some of these oils.

scholarly journals Characterization of Sorghum and Millet with Special Reference to Fatty Acid and Volatile Profile.

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farhan Jahangir Chughtai ◽  
Imran Pasha ◽  
Faqir Muhammad Anjum ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Food Staples

Sorghum and millet are important food staples in semi-arid tropics of Asia and Africa. Sorghum and millet are cereal grains that have prospective to be used as substitute to wheat flour for celiac patients. These are considered as the good source of many important and essential fatty acids. The volatile profiling of these two important crops is comparable to other cereals as well. The present study was an effort to explore biochemical composition of commercially available sorghum and millet varieties with special reference to their fatty acid and volatile profiling. Chemical composition of sorghum and millet was determined according to respective methods. Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared and then subjected to GC-FID for fatty acids analysis. The results indicated that both sorghum and millet oils are rich in essential fatty acids comprising mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Main fatty acids that are identified in current study includes palmitic acid, oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, behenic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, myristic acid, etc. On the other hand volatile compounds from sorghum and millet were determined by preparing their respective volatile samples by using calvenger apparatus with suitable volatile extracting solvent. Volatile samples were then subjected to GC-MS analysis and respected results were compared with NIST library. About 30 different volatiles were identified in millet varieties while 35 different compounds were discovered in sorghum varieties belonging to aldehydes, ketones, benzene derivatives, esters, alcohols, sulphur compounds.

Chemical and Physical Properties of Sri Lankan Medium Seeded Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L) Genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RAA RANATHUNGA ◽  
YPJ AMARASINGHE ◽  
GTN GUNASEKARA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Composition Analysis

Physical properties of commonly grown Sri Lanka groundnuts cultivars and promising accession varied considerably and numbers of kernels, pod beak, reticulation, testa colour, and shell out percentage have differences among groundnuts. However, they showed more similarities for most of the characters. Moisture (5.4-8.4%), crude protein (18.7-28.5%), lipid (43.4-53.0%), ash (4.4-5.8%), carbohydrates (9.3-18.2%) and energy level (565.7-618.2kcal) contents varied considerably. Quality and flavor of edible groundnuts and its products are affected by fatty acid composition of oil. Lipids were mainly composed of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids (>78% of the total lipids). Fatty acid composition analysis indicated that oleic acid (C18:1) was the main constituent of monounsaturated lipids in all seed samples. With the exception of ANKG1, linoleic acid (C18:2) was the major polyunsaturated fatty acid. The saturated fatty acids (Palmatic, Stearic acid and behenic acid) in different cultivars ranged between 10.2 to 15.6%, 2.5 to 6.3% and 1.1 to 5.3%, respectively. Differences among cultivars for oleic acid exhibited significance which ranged between 38.2 to 47.4%. Similarly, cultivars differed statistically for linoleic acid which showed a range of 23.1 to 38.7%. Oleic to linoleic acid ratio was differed and all the released varieties were below the minimum standard level of 1.6, whereas ICGV 86590 and ICGV 00073 showed higher O/L ratio of 1.94 and 1.75 respectively.

scholarly journals Raman Study on Lipid Droplets in Hepatic Cells Co-Cultured with Fatty Acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7378
Author(s):  
Pradjna N. Paramitha ◽  
Riki Zakaria ◽  
Anisa Maryani ◽  
Yukako Kusaka ◽  
Bibin B. Andriana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The purpose of the present study was to investigate molecular compositions of lipid droplets changing in live hepatic cells stimulated with major fatty acids in the human body, i.e., palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. HepG2 cells were used as the model hepatic cells. Morphological changes of lipid droplets were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) during co-cultivation with fatty acids up to 5 days. The compositional changes in the fatty chains included in the lipid droplets were analyzed via Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics. The growth curves of the cells indicated that palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids induced cell death in HepG2 cells, but oleic acid did not. Microscopic observations suggested that the rates of fat accumulation were high for oleic and linoleic acids, but low for palmitic and stearic acids. Raman analysis indicated that linoleic fatty chains taken into the cells are modified into oleic fatty chains. These results suggest that the signaling pathway of cell death is independent of fat stimulations. Moreover, these results suggest that hepatic cells have a high affinity for linoleic acid, but linoleic acid induces cell death in these cells. This may be one of the causes of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

scholarly journals Can Behenic Acid (C22:0) Levels be a Prognostic Factor in Glial Tumors?

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metin Kaplan ◽  
Mehmet Koparan ◽  
Aysel Sari ◽  
Sait Ozturk ◽  
Serpil Kozan Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Glial Tumor ◽  
Glial Tumors

Background:Inhibition of fatty acid synthase leads to apoptosis in cancers, which leads to high levels of fatty acid synthesis. This indicates that cancer cells depend on fatty acid in order to survive. In this study, we investigated whether or not there was a relationship between the glial tumor grade and free fatty acid level of tumor tissue.Methods:Twenty patients who had high grade glial tumors and 20 patients who had low grade glial tumors, were included in the study. Tumors samples were obtained intraoperatively in order to measure the fatty acid levels. The fatty acids were studied in three groups: saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. They were analyzed with gas chromatography.Results:The oleic acid, linoleic acid, eicosadienoic acid, arachidonic acid, and docosadienoic acid levels were high in the tumor tissue of low grade tumors. The myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, alpha linoleic acid, eicosenoic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and ceramide levels were high in the tumor tissue of high grade glial tumors. However, none of these high values were statistically significant. The high values of behenic acid, a saturated fatty acid, in low grade glial tumors were statistically significant.Conclusion:High levels of behenic acid in patients with low grade glial tumor is important as it indicates persistence of the tissue integrity and tissue resistance. behenic acid levels can be a prognostic factor in glial tumors.

Prolonged monitoring of postprandial lipid metabolism after a western meal rich in linoleic acid and carbohydrates

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1189-1198
Author(s):  
Engy Shokry ◽  
Roxana Raab ◽  
Franca F. Kirchberg ◽  
Christian Hellmuth ◽  
Mario Klingler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Lipid Metabolism ◽  
The Individual

Today, awareness has been raised regarding high consumption of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in western diets. A comprehensive analysis of total and individual postprandial fatty acids profiles would provide insights into metabolic turnover and related health effects. After an overnight fast, 9 healthy adults consumed a mixed meal comprising 97 g carbohydrate and 45 g fat, of which 26.4 g was linoleic acid (LA). Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), phospholipid fatty acids (PL-FA) and triacylglycerol fatty acids (TG-FA) were monitored in plasma samples, at baseline and hourly over a 7-h postprandial period. Total TG-FA concentration peaked at 2 h after the meal and steadily decreased thereafter. LA from TG18:2n-6 and behenic acid from TG22:0 showed the highest response among TG-FA, with a biphasic response detected for the former. PL-FA exhibited no change. Total NEFA initially decreased to nadir at 1 h, then increased to peak at 7 h. The individual NEFA showed the same response curve except LA and some very-long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFA, ≥20 carbon chain length) that markedly increased shortly after the meal intake. The similarities and dissimilarities in lipid profiles between study subjects at different time points were visualized using nonmetric multi-dimensional scaling. Overall, the results indicate that postprandial levels of LA and VLCSFA, either as NEFA or TG, were most affected by the test meal, which might provide an explanation for the health effects of this dietary lifestyle characterized by high intake of mixed meals rich in n-6 PUFA.

scholarly journals Chemometric Characterization of Almond Germplasm: Compositional Aspects Involved in Quality and Breeding

2011 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ossama Kodad ◽  
José M. Alonso ◽  
María T. Espiau ◽  
Gloria Estopañán ◽  
Teresa Juan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The oil content and the percentage of the main fatty acids were determined in a set of 73 almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch) cultivars from 10 different countries present at the almond germplasm collection of the Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Spain (CITA). Wide variability was observed for oil content, ranging from 51.5% to 66.8% on a dry weight (DW) basis. For the main fatty acids in the lipid fraction, the variability ranged from 62.9% to 77.3% for oleic acid, from 14.0% to 26.8% for linoleic acid, from 4.9% to 7.0% for palmitic acid, from 1.5% to 3.4% for stearic acid, and from 0.3% to 0.6% for palmitoleic acid. No correlations were found between the oil content and the percentages of the different fatty acids, but a significant negative correlation was found between the percentages of oleic and linoleic acids. Principal component (PC) analysis showed that palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids and the oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio were primarily responsible for the separation on principal component 1. The content of each component was not related to the country of origin of the different cultivars, indicating that almond fatty acid composition is genotype-dependent. Cultivars with high and stable oil content and low linoleic acid should be selected as parents in a breeding program to increase kernel oil stability and nutritional value.

Effects of Trans and CIS Isomers of Oleic and Linoleic Acids on Platelets and Endothelial Cells

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rastogi ◽  
C. Lowery ◽  
A. Nordøy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Trans Isomer ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Trans Isomers ◽  
Cis Isomer ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The role of trans isomers of fatty acids in the development of coronary heart disease has been questioned. Hwang and Kinsella (l) indicated that feeding of trans linoleate to rats caused decreased serum prostaglandins. We report the effect of trans isomers of oleic and linoleic acids on platelet aggregation (PA). No significant differences were observed in collagen- and ADP-induced PA in platelet rich plasma preincubated with the various fatty acids bound to albumin for 90 min. When the albumin bound fatty acids were incubated with primary cultures of human endothelial cells (ECM) and PRP for a similar periode of time, significant differences in PA were observed with ADP but not with collagen. PA was higher for the trans isomer than for the cis isomer of linoleic acid. This difference disappeared when the ECM were preincubated for 15 minutes with indomethacin. We suggest that endothelial cells could synthesize prostacyclin (PGI2) from cis isomer of linoleic acid but not from the trans isomer.

Effect of exercise and lactic acid infusion on individual free fatty acids of plasma

1963 ◽  
Vol 205 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gold ◽  
Harvey I. Miller ◽  
B. Issekutz ◽  
John J. Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Level ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Level ◽  
Acid Infusion ◽  
Percentage Contribution ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The effect of exercise and lactic acid infusion was studied in nonanesthetized dogs. Both procedures decreased the plasma free fatty acid level (FFA) as well as the concentration of the major individual fatty acids (palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids) of FFA. The percentage contribution of oleic and frequently of linoleic acid to the total FFA was also diminished after exercise or lactic acid infusion. Similar alterations in FFA were also observed due to Nembutal or morphine-chloralose anesthesia. The changes observed during exercise, or lactic acid infusion were similar to those produced by the administration of insulin or glucagon and opposite to those produced by epinephrine or norepinephrine.

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