IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TISSUE CULTURE SAFETY TESTING OF SALK VACCINES

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. French ◽  
R. E. Armstrong ◽  
W. Yarosh
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Volume Of Fluid ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Routine Test ◽  
Test Volume ◽  
Polio Virus ◽  
Safety Testing ◽  
First Order ◽  
Modified Test

Under the conditions of the official Canadian test, it was found that two simultaneous first-order reactions were in competition. Thus, after 4 hours, while 15% of any initial live MEF1 poliovirus present was adsorbed to the monkey kidney cells, 9% of the virus was destroyed by spontaneous inactivation. When the adsorption rate was increased by decreasing the volume of fluid, it was found that significantly more isolations of virus were obtained. Utilizing the method of Baron for the concentration of polio virus it was found possible to maintain a low test volume without making the routine test unduly cumbersome. The modified test is simpler and more sensitive and may be used with undialyzed vaccines.

DNA lesions induced in nuclei and nucleoli of monkey kidney cells in tissue culture by simian vacuolating virus (SV40)

1965 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Kasten ◽  
Colette Vendrely ◽  
Paul Tournier ◽  
Ren� Wicker
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Virus Sv40

The antiviral activity of Isoprinosine

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1463-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gordon ◽  
Eric R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Polio Virus ◽  
Antiviral Effects ◽  
Rapid Labeling

A hypothesis predicting that increase in the rate of synthesis of host messenger RNA would be associated with antiviral activity was examined. Biochemically, Isoprinosine or NPT-10381 (methisoprinol) increased the rate of rapid labeling of polyribosomal RNA and protein in uninfected monkey kidney cells in tissue culture. In tissue-culture systems, Isoprinosine exerted antiviral effects against influenza virus, PR-8 and A2 strains; herpes virus, LU strain; polio virus 3; and adenovirus 10. In in vivo mortality studies, Isoprinosine was observed to exert therapeutic antiviral effects against the A2 strain of influenza and, as well, against a herpes infection of newborn mice. Experiments were carried out which demonstrated a correlation between the in vivo anti-influenza (PR-8) effects of Isoprinosine and reduction in the virus titer in lungs of infected mice.

scholarly journals In vitromethod for safety testing of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines

1970 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Anderson ◽  
P. B. Capstick ◽  
G. N. Mowat ◽  
F. B. Leech
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Safety Testing ◽  
Safety Test ◽  
Antigen Present ◽  
Baby Hamster Kidney Cells

SummaryThe susceptibility of the tissue culture system to small amounts of residual live virus was not influenced by the inactivated antigen present. The depth of inoculum over the cell sheet did not affect results. Negative cultures frequently gave positive first (but not second or later) sub-cultures.Baby hamster kidney cells were always more sensitive than cattle tongues to infection with any of the strains used.Confidence in the safety test depends on the number of vaccination doses used; the tissue culture test can be made much more reliable than the cattle test because it is not limited to the 15 ml. of inoculum that restricts the cattle test.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF THE GROWTH OF SELECTED MYCOBACTERIA IN HELA, MONKEY KIDNEY, AND HUMAN AMNION CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE

1958 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Mycobacterium Fortuitum ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Human Amnion

HeLa, monkey kidney, and human amnion cells in tissue cultures were compared as sites for the multiplication of strains of tubercle bacilli or original and reduced pathogenicity, and for several other species of mycobacteria capable of causing disease in humans. The arrangement of the pathogenic species inorder of their growth rates in HeLa cells was Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium balnei, and the "yellow bacillus," followed closely by the tubercle bacillus. This order was also correct for these species in monkey kidney and human amnion cells, and is the same as that seen in bacteriological media. The arrangement of the strains of tubercle bacilli in order of their growth rates in all three types of cells was: H37Rv, then R1Rv, and lastly H37Ra, which multiplied about as slowly as BCG. An INH-resistant strain grew about as rapidly as H37Rv. Growth of the pathogenic species occurred at about the same rates in HeLa and monkey kidney cells, but was distinctly slower in human amnion cells, which are less active metabolically. Irradiation of the cells in doses up to 5000 r did not affect the subsequent growth of mycobacteria in them. Preliminary experiments with human leprosy bacilli indicate that they can be introduced into these cells in high numbers and that the bacilli then persist for the life of the cells.

scholarly journals Expression of porcine pro-opiomelanocortin cDNA in heterologous monkey kidney cells. Biosynthesis and secretion of the prohormone without processing.

1987 ◽  
Vol 262 (4) ◽  
pp. 1876-1881
Author(s):  
G Noël ◽  
L Zollinger ◽  
N Larivière ◽  
C Nault ◽  
P Crine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cells

scholarly journals Enhanced SV40 Virus Replication in Fully Permissive Monkey Kidney Cells Pre-treated with 5-Iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IdUrd)

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Suarez ◽  
Ch. Lavialle ◽  
J. Stevenet ◽  
S. Estrade ◽  
A. G. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Replication ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Sv40 Virus

scholarly journals Enterovirus 70 Receptor Utilization Is Controlled by Capsid Residues That Also Regulate Host Range and Cytopathogenicity

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
pp. 8648-8655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Stewart Kim ◽  
Vincent R. Racaniello
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Lytic Replication ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Cytopathic Effects ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry

ABSTRACT Enterovirus type 70, an etiologic agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, may bind different cellular receptors depending on cell type. To understand how EV70-receptor interaction is controlled, we studied two variants of the virus with distinct receptor utilization. EV70-Rmk, derived by passage in rhesus monkey kidney cells, replicates poorly in HeLa cells and does not cause cytopathic effects. Decay accelerating factor (DAF) is not a cell receptor for EV70-Rmk. Passage of EV70-Rmk in HeLa cells lead to isolation of EV70-Dne, which does not replicate in rhesus monkey kidney cells but grows to high titers in HeLa cells and causes cytopathic effects. DAF is sufficient for cell entry of EV70-Dne. EV70-Rmk replicates in human eye and brain-derived cell lines, whereas the Dne strain replicates only in HeLa cells and in conjunctiva-derived 15C4 cells. The two EV70 strains differ by five amino acid changes in the viral capsid. Single substitution of four of the five EV70-Rmk amino acids with the residue from EV70-Dne leads to lytic replication in HeLa cells. Conversely, substitution of any of the five EV70-Dne amino acids with the EV70-Rmk amino acid does not alter replication in HeLa cells. Three of these capsid amino acids are predicted to be located in the canyon encircling the fivefold axis of symmetry, one amino acid is found at the fivefold axis of symmetry, and one is located the interior of the capsid. The five EV70 residues define a region of the capsid that controls viral host range, DAF utilization, and cytopathogenicity.

Formation of poliovirus in monkey kidney tissue culture cells

Virology ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Donald Mayor ◽  
Liane E. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Tissue Culture Cells
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