Management of rubber dams in Hong Kong

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Wing Ming Tam ◽  
Xue-qing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Stainless Steel Mesh ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
Dam Management ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Rubber Dams

The rubber dam is a relatively recent technological breakthrough. It was introduced to Hong Kong in the early 1960s. To date, a total of 20 rubber dams have been installed in Hong Kong. Most of the dams are used to impound water for irrigation. Due to its inflatable and deflatable characteristics, the rubber dam is excellent for flood mitigation and environmental protection. When a dam is inflated, it blocks water. When the river level reaches a preset value, the dam deflates automatically and the flood risk is reduced. Furthermore, silt deposits, debris, garbage, and animal wastes behind the dam can be removed by regular deflation. Much of the maintenance work required for rubber dams is related to punctures, which are simple to repair. The vulnerability of a rubber dam to damage by sharp objects or vandalism is the major disadvantage. Ceramic chips coating and stainless steel mesh have been used to strengthen the dam body against damage by sharp objects. Continual technological innovation is vital to the improvement of rubber dam performance. This paper highlights the various issues connected with rubber dam applications in Hong Kong, including procurement, construction, operation, maintenance, problems, and countermeasures.Key words: rubber dam, management, technological innovation, application, construction, operation, maintenance.

scholarly journals Construction, operation, and maintenance of rubber dams

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Q Zhang ◽  
P W.M Tam ◽  
W Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
The Past ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Rubber Dams

Rubber dams are inflatable and deflatable hydraulic structures. Thousands of rubber dams have been installed worldwide for various purposes: irrigation, water supply, power generation, tidal barrier, flood control, environmental improvement, and recreation. Furthermore, rubber dams have been used in cold areas where the temperature is as low as – 40°C. The simplicity and flexibility of the rubber dam structure and its proven reliability are key considerations in its wide scope of applications. Based on the management practices of 20 rubber dams in Hong Kong in the past 35 years, interviews with rubber dam experts and practitioners, and the investigation to the construction of a recent rubber dam, this paper provides a detailed discussion on various issues related to the construction, operation, maintenance, and repair of rubber dams.Key words: construction, hydraulic structure, maintenance, operation, repair, rubber dam.

scholarly journals Application of inflatable dam technology – problems and countermeasures

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul WM Tam
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Rubber Dams

The history of the use of inflatable dams has been a long one in Hong Kong. The first three inflatable dams were constructed in the sixties as an integral part of the Plover Cove Water Supply Scheme. Up to December 1996, a total of 16 inflatable dams had been constructed. The use of rubber as a construction material has been subject to much skepticism. There are many reasons for this and one of them is clearly the problem of durability. Despite the many problems, rubber dams have been successfully implemented in Hong Kong. Most of the rubber dams in Hong Kong had been constructed by the Agriculture and Fisheries Department, Hong Kong Government, for the replacement of polluted agricultural weirs which were still in use. A rubber dam is inflatable and deflatable; when it is inflated, it serves as an agricultural weir (low-level dam) and when it is deflated it functions as a flood mitigation device. This note reviews the problems associated with the application of the technology in Hong Kong. Some countermeasures are suggested.Key words: inflatable dams, flooding, flood mitigation, rubber, weathering, vandalism.

Multiple Microaerophilic Streptococcal Lung Abscesses After Orthodontic Treatment

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-724
Author(s):  
Robert C. Stern ◽  
Robert J. Berkowitz ◽  
Susan B. Shurin ◽  
Ricardo U. Sorensen ◽  
John R. Haaga
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Dental Cement ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
Rubber Dams ◽  
Dental Work

An immunocompetent 12-year-old boy developed multiple microaerophilic streptococcal lung abscesses after application of orthodontic bands ("braces"). The dental work was done in the supine position. The data suggest that the patient aspirated the organisms and, possibly, flecks of dental cement, during orthodontic treatment. "Rubber dams" should be used to help prevent aspiration in children who receive dental work in the supine position. When a rubber dam cannot be used, as with orthodontic treatment, physicians should advise patients who are at risk for developing pulmonary infection (eg, patients with neuromuscular diseases which compromine cough and/or gag, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, primary immunodeficiency, etc) to have this dental work, including orthodontic treatment, performed in the erect position.

scholarly journals A study on the optimization strategies for the service trade structure of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Wenyong Li ◽  
Xueyu Zhang ◽  
Bing’e Tang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Trade Structure ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Fresh Impetus

The construction of urban agglomerations and integration of regional economics have become the new trends in Chinese economic development. The economy of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area plays a significant role in driving regional development and stimulating technological innovation. In this paper, through study on the current situation of trade in service in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the reasons for the improper trade structure are concluded. Through data and case analysis, the factors affecting service trade structure are located. The results of case analysis can offer some useful and viable recommendations for the optimization of service trade structure, which can facilitate the industrial transformation and upgrading in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as well as give a fresh impetus to economic growth.

scholarly journals Development of International Education Industry in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuolun Yang ◽  
Yuxin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
International Education ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
National Development ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
World Class ◽  
City Cluster

Building the Greater Bay Area city cluster is a crucial national development strategy for China. As a vital hub of the Belt and Road Initiative, the Greater Bay Area cannot cultivate into an “international first-class bay area and world-class city cluster” without technological innovation and rapid economic progress, and technological innovation and economic development cannot be attained without the training of high-end talents through international education. Thus, the development of an international education demonstration zone is essential in the formation and development of the Greater Bay Area and making it a highland for education and talent, as well as giving full play to the social function of education. As the core of the accumulation of educational resources in Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, the current situation, future opportunities, and development path of international education development in the Greater Bay Area while building a world-class international education center have become the starting point of this study.

scholarly journals Practice and Reflection on the Application of Blockchain Technology in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
Qian Liao ◽  
LiJuan Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Level Characteristic ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Standard Construction ◽  
The Future ◽  
Construction Supervision

Blockchain technology has now entered the 3.0 era with solutions of“Blockchain Plus Industry”. As a technological innovation and industry-leading region, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay area has inherent advantages in the development of blockchain technology. How blockchain can lead the development of industry ecology in the future is a question worthy of our in-depth discussion. By analyzing the policy support and basic status of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, this paper sorted out the structure of the four-level characteristic development mode of blockchain technology, summarized the impossible triangle of technology, incompatibility issues, standard construction, supervision and other issues, and putforward relevant suggestions for the development of the blockchain in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay area.

Dental Dam Application for Endodontics in Dogs—A Novel Clamp Kit

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
Miguel Cardoso ◽  
Rita Noites ◽  
Dora Catré ◽  
Manuel Paulo ◽  
Carlos Viegas
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Canine Tooth ◽  
Operative Field ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
Dental Anatomy ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Rubber Dams

Although rubber dams are widely used in endodontic treatment in humans with well-known advantages, their use in veterinary medicine is uncommon. The use of a dental rubber dam provides better control of cross-infection, prevents soft tissue contact of chemicals, and improves treatment efficiency. The purpose of this article is to describe a new line of clamps specifically designed for dogs and to review the procedure and materials used for isolating the operative field in endodontic patients. This new design of clamps, better adapted to canine tooth anatomy with different sizes and conformations, has been successfully used in dogs by the authors with good clinical results. The clamps allow for better adaptation to the tooth without injuring the gingiva or the furcation and provide increased retention of the dam for more effective isolation. Given the proven benefits in humans, the authors expect that the widespread use of a rubber dam with clamps specifically designed for canine dental anatomy will improve clinical outcomes in endodontics.

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