scholarly journals Application of inflatable dam technology – problems and countermeasures

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul WM Tam
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Rubber Dams

The history of the use of inflatable dams has been a long one in Hong Kong. The first three inflatable dams were constructed in the sixties as an integral part of the Plover Cove Water Supply Scheme. Up to December 1996, a total of 16 inflatable dams had been constructed. The use of rubber as a construction material has been subject to much skepticism. There are many reasons for this and one of them is clearly the problem of durability. Despite the many problems, rubber dams have been successfully implemented in Hong Kong. Most of the rubber dams in Hong Kong had been constructed by the Agriculture and Fisheries Department, Hong Kong Government, for the replacement of polluted agricultural weirs which were still in use. A rubber dam is inflatable and deflatable; when it is inflated, it serves as an agricultural weir (low-level dam) and when it is deflated it functions as a flood mitigation device. This note reviews the problems associated with the application of the technology in Hong Kong. Some countermeasures are suggested.Key words: inflatable dams, flooding, flood mitigation, rubber, weathering, vandalism.

scholarly journals Compromise strategies for action selection

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1485) ◽  
pp. 1559-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick L Crabbe
Keyword(s):  
Action Selection ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Low Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Experimental Analyses ◽  
Small Benefit ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Mechanisms

Among the many properties suggested for action-selection mechanisms, a prominent one is the ability to select compromise actions, i.e. actions that are not the best to satisfy any active goal in isolation, but rather compromise between multiple goals. This paper briefly reviews the history of compromise behaviour and presents experimental analyses of it in an attempt to determine how much compromise behaviour aids an agent. It concludes that optimal compromise behaviour has a surprisingly small benefit over non-compromise behaviour in the experiments performed, and presents some reasons why this may be true and hypothesizes cases where compromise behaviour is truly useful. In particular, it hypothesizes that a crucial factor is the level at which an action is taken (low-level actions are specific, such as ‘move left leg’; high-level actions are vague, such as ‘forage for food’). This paper hypothesizes that compromise behaviour is more beneficial for high- than low-level actions.

Management of rubber dams in Hong Kong

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Wing Ming Tam ◽  
Xue-qing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Stainless Steel Mesh ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
Dam Management ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Rubber Dams

The rubber dam is a relatively recent technological breakthrough. It was introduced to Hong Kong in the early 1960s. To date, a total of 20 rubber dams have been installed in Hong Kong. Most of the dams are used to impound water for irrigation. Due to its inflatable and deflatable characteristics, the rubber dam is excellent for flood mitigation and environmental protection. When a dam is inflated, it blocks water. When the river level reaches a preset value, the dam deflates automatically and the flood risk is reduced. Furthermore, silt deposits, debris, garbage, and animal wastes behind the dam can be removed by regular deflation. Much of the maintenance work required for rubber dams is related to punctures, which are simple to repair. The vulnerability of a rubber dam to damage by sharp objects or vandalism is the major disadvantage. Ceramic chips coating and stainless steel mesh have been used to strengthen the dam body against damage by sharp objects. Continual technological innovation is vital to the improvement of rubber dam performance. This paper highlights the various issues connected with rubber dam applications in Hong Kong, including procurement, construction, operation, maintenance, problems, and countermeasures.Key words: rubber dam, management, technological innovation, application, construction, operation, maintenance.

A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.

ROLE OF LIPID PROFILE IN OVARIAN CARCINOMA PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Manisha ◽  
Dr. Ruchi Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of

Background: The term "ovarian cancer" includes several different types of cancer that  arise from cells of the ovary, most commonly, tumors arise from the epithelium or lining cells of the ovary.  Ovarian cancer risk is positively associated with higher consumption of dietary cholesterol and eggs, and inversely associated with a higher intake of vegetables. High consumption of fats may increase circulating estrogen levels, thus increasing the possibility of cell damage and proliferation that is responsible for cancerous growth. Material & Methods: The present study was conducted at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur (Rajasthan). Total  100 cases (females) attending the obstetrics and gynecology department for some gynecological and other problem  were selected for this study between the age of 40-60 years, who were attending cancer centre at GEETANJALI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND  HOSPITAL, Udaipur (Rajasthan).                GROUP I: - It consisted of healthy females control subjects (n=50) .By routine examination and tests, we ensured that all the subjects were healthy and there were no signs and symptoms or history of ovarian tumor and diseases GROUP II: - It consisted of ovarian cancer females subjects (n=50) with a history of ovarian tumor. Results:   Higher level of cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and low level of HDL are found in ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion: The present study we highlights the importance and role of serum lipid profile in diagnosis, prognosis and recurrence of the disease. The study shows that serum level of cholesterol, LDL, VLDL was elevated in  patients of ovarian cancer while low level of HDL are found in ovarian cancer patients. Key words: lipid profile, ovarian cancer.

Messy, Energetic, Intense: A Roundtable Conversation among New York's Asian American Experimental Filmmakers of the Eighties with Roddy Bogawa, Daryl Chin, Shu Lea Cheang, and Rea Tajiri

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Vince Schleitwiler ◽  
Abby Sun ◽  
Rea Tajiri
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Asian American ◽  
York City ◽  
American Film ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of

This roundtable grew out of conversations between filmmaker Rea Tajiri, programmer Abby Sun, and scholar Vince Schleitwiler about a misunderstood chapter in the history of Asian American film and media: New York City in the eighties, a vibrant capital of Asian American filmmaking with a distinctively experimental edge. To tell this story, Rea Tajiri contacted her artist contemporaries Shu Lea Cheang and Roddy Bogawa as well as writer and critic Daryl Chin. Daryl had been a fixture in New York City art circles since the sixties, his presence central to Asian American film from the beginning. The scope of this discussion extends loosely from the mid-seventies through the late nineties, with Tajiri, Abby Sun, and Vince Schleitwiler initiating topics, compiling responses, and finalizing its form as a collage-style conversation.

ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC EDUCATION AND MUSICAL PSYCHOTHERAPY OF A SPECIALIST’S TRAINING

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-232
Author(s):  
P. V. Menshikov ◽  
G. K. Kassymova ◽  
R. R. Gasanova ◽  
Y. V. Zaichikov ◽  
V. A. Berezovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Practice ◽  
Piano Music ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Many ◽  
Special Meaning

A special role in the development of a pianist as a musician, composer and performer, as shown by the examples of the well-known, included in the history of art, and the most ordinary pianists, their listeners and admirers, lovers of piano music and music in general, are played by moments associated with psychotherapeutic abilities and music features. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the psychotherapeutic aspects of performing activities (using pianists as an example). The research method is a theoretical analysis of the psychotherapeutic aspects of performing activities: the study of the possibilities and functions of musical psychotherapy in the life of a musician as a “(self) psychotherapist” and “patient”. For almost any person, music acts as a way of self-understanding and understanding of the world, a way of self-realization, rethinking and overcoming life's difficulties - internal and external "blockages" of development, a way of saturating life with universal meanings, including a person in the richness of his native culture and universal culture as a whole. Art and, above all, its metaphorical nature help to bring out and realize internal experiences, provide an opportunity to look at one’s own experiences, problems and injuries from another perspective, to see a different meaning in them. In essence, we are talking about art therapy, including the art of writing and performing music - musical psychotherapy. However, for a musician, music has a special meaning, special significance. Musician - produces music, and, therefore, is not only an “object”, but also the subject of musical psychotherapy. The musician’s training includes preparing him as an individual and as a professional to perform functions that can be called psychotherapeutic: in the works of the most famous performers, as well as in the work of ordinary teachers, psychotherapeutic moments sometimes become key. Piano music and performance practice sets a certain “viewing angle” of life, and, in the case of traumatic experiences, a new way of understanding a difficult, traumatic and continuing to excite a person event, changing his attitude towards him. It helps to see something that was hidden in the hustle and bustle of everyday life or in the patterns of relationships familiar to a given culture. At the same time, while playing music or learning to play music, a person teaches to see the hidden and understand the many secrets of the human soul, the relationships of people.

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