Alternative energy substrates for bacterial leaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Couillard ◽  
Shucai Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Bacterial Leaching ◽  
Energy Substrates ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Batch System

Bacterial leaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge with different iron containing compounds as energy substrates was studied in a batch system using a culture of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. It was proven that spent FeSO4∙7H2O and pyrite met the criteria of an energy substrate and could be substituted for reagent grade FeSO4∙7H2O. This substitution could significantly reduce energy substrate cost: 99% with spent FeSO4∙7H2O and 94% with pyrite. The solid aspect of pyrite compromises its use. Key words: energy substrate, bioleaching, heavy metals, solubilization, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, sewage sludge.

Fate of indicator organisms in sludge during bacterial leaching of metals

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Henry ◽  
D. Prasad ◽  
W. B. Lohaza
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Leaching ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms

Biological extraction (bacterial leaching) of heavy metals from digested sewage sludge has been shown to be a practical means for decontaminating sludge for use on agricultural land. However, it was not known whether pathogenic organisms would survive or be destroyed in the acidic environment necessary for the bacterial leaching process. The purpose of the research reported herein was to assess the effect of bacterial leaching on various bacteria commonly used to indicate the possible presence of pathogenic organisms. Although pathogenic viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and helminths may be present in sludge, this study is concerned only with bacterial pathogens. The concentrations of the four indicator bacteria selected to represent the bacterial pathogens were determined in a series of laboratory bacterial leaching units. Results showed that, although about 80–90% metal removal efficiencies were achieved (at a pH of 4.0, an aeration rate of 100 mL of air per minute per litre of sludge) at a temperature of 20–25 °C, the indicator bacteria were not reduced during bacterial leaching at high suspended solids concentrations. The survival of indicator bacteria was found to be a function of the suspended solids concentration in the leaching units, regardless of the source or type of indicator bacteria. At suspended solids concentrations greater than 10 g/L, the indicator bacteria were able to survive, apparently unaffected by the unfavourable environmental conditions (10 days retention at pH 4.0). Below this suspended solids concentration of 10 g/L, significant reductions of total coliforms, faecal coliforms, and faecal streptococci were achieved. Total heterotrophs did not follow the same trends as the other indicator bacteria. Key words: bacterial leaching, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, indicator bacteria, enteric pathogens removal, sewage sludge, sludge disposal.

scholarly journals Chemical and Biological Leaching Methods to Remove Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge: A Review

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-517
Author(s):  
Lugard N. Ukiwe ◽  
Allinor J.I ◽  
Ejele A.E ◽  
Anyadiegwu C.I.C ◽  
Ibeneme S.I
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Chemical Leaching ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

The removal of heavy metals (HMs) in sewage sludge (SS) is important since sludge is often disposed or applied on farmland to enhance soil fertility. The present study reviewed two conceptual approaches (chemical and biological leaching) of removing HMs present in SS. In the chemical leaching method, traditional acid treatment together with novel methods such as aeration, complexation and sequential extraction procedure have been reviewed extensively. Certain factors influence the removal of HMs in SS. These factors include; pH, leaching agent, redox potential, and contact time. Nitric acid (HNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), as well as Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans are the most widely studied leaching agents and substrates involved in the chemical and bioleaching processes. However, the bioleaching process has been proposed as a safe, efficient, economical, environmental friendly method to remove HMs in SS due to its simplicity, high yield of metal extraction, low acid consumption, and low sludge solids concentration. Nevertheless, the present review has noted that most researchers are of the opinion that more studies are needed in the bioleaching method in order to enhance its commercial attraction.  

Bacterial Leaching of Heavy Metals From Anaerobically Digested Sewage Sludge

1983 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wong ◽  
J.G. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Bacterial Leaching ◽  
Beneficial Reuse ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Abstract Spreading of sewage sludges on agricultural land is an attractive sludge management option because it combines beneficial reuse and disposal at the same time. However, it is important to reduce the metal content in the sludge in order to minimize the health hazard associated with metal uptake by plants and its subsequent accumulation in the food chain. Treatment of sludge with acid for metal removal is not practical because a large amount of acid is required. Typically 0.5 to 0.8 g of H2SO4/g dry weight of sludge will be required to achieve over 70% removal of cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni). Lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) are not significantly removed. A biological process called bacterial leaching, which has been used commercially for extracting copper and uranium from low grade ores, was reviewed and its potential for removing heavy metals from anaerobically digested sewage sludge was investigated. Leaching experiments were conducted and the results showed that about 80 to 90% removal of cadmium, zinc and nickel, and 60 to 70% removal of copper were possible. The acid requirement was significantly reduced because only 0.15 g of H2SO4/g dry weight of sludge was needed.

scholarly journals Removal of Heavy Metals from Urban Sewage Sludge Using Acidophilic Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
A* Azhdarpoor ◽  
R Hoseini ◽  
M Dehghani ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Sewage Sludge

Effect of Solids Concentration on Bacterial Leaching of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Suk Cho ◽  
Hee Wook Ryu ◽  
In Sook Lee ◽  
Hyung-Min Choi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Bacterial Leaching ◽  
Solids Concentration

LEACHING OF HEAVY METALS FROM COMPOSTED SEWAGE SLUDGE AS A FUNCTION OF pH

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANFORD L. TACKETT ◽  
ELLEN R. WINTERS ◽  
MICHAEL J. PUZ
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Metal Leaching ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Composted Sewage Sludge

The relative short-term leaching rates of the metals Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn from composted sewage sludge was determined over the pH range of 2.5–7.0 at 0.5 pH unit intervals. Only Zn and Cd leached significantly faster as the pH was lowered, with both showing the greatest solubility increase over the pH range of 5.5–6.0. Key words: Metal leaching, heavy metals, sewage sludge, soil pH

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON ANAEROBICALLY TREATED ORGANIC WASTE SUITABILITY FOR SOIL FERTILISATION/ANAEROBIŠKAI PERDIRBTŲ ORGANINIŲ ATLIEKŲ TINKAMUMO DIRVOŽEMIUI TRĘŠTI TYRIMAI/ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРИГОДНОСТИ АНАЭРОБНО ПЕРЕРАБОТАННЫХ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ОТХОДОВ ДЛЯ УДОБРЕНИЯ ПОЧВ

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Kvasauskas ◽  
Pranas Baltrėnas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Fertiliser

One of the most promising methods to convert organic waste into alternative energy and still obtain fertiliser is anaerobic digestion of waste in bioreactors. To evaluate the suitability of biodegraded organic waste for soil fertilisation, an experiment aimed at determining the amount of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals contained in this waste and testing of its pH was carried out. The following organic waste was used for the research: sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants, fruit and vegetable waste, hen manure, piggery slurry and grain. The biggest contents of nitrogen and phosphorus were determined in anaerobically treated swine manure and therefore, it was found the most suitable organic fertiliser to remediate exhausted soils and used‐up areas. Treated swine manure contains 8.27 mg/l of nitrogen and 293.1 mg/l of phosphorus. The biggest contents of heavy metals were determined in anaerobically treated sewage sludge from wastewater plants. The concentration of chromium amounts to 1.53 mg/kg, that of zinc ‐21.28 mg/kg, manganese ‐ 50.03 mg/kg, lead ‐ 10.46 mg/kg, copper ‐ 50.48 mg/kg and nickel ‐ 12.88 mg/kg. In none of the researched cases heavy metal concentrations in treated organic waste exceeded the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). Anaerobically treated swine manure and sewage sludge with the highest pH indicators, 7 and 7.1, respectively, are most suitable for the fertilisation of acid soils. It could be proposed that digested pig manure is best soil fertilizer from all investigated organic wastes when biogenic elements, heavy metals and pH were measured. Santrauka Vienas iš perspektyviausių metodų organines atliekas paversti alternatyvia energija ir dar gauti trąšą – anaerobinis atliekų skaidymas bioreaktoriuose. Biologiškai suskaidytų organinių atliekų tinkamumas panaudoti dirvai tręšti įvertintas atlikus eksperimentą. Jo tikslas buvo ištirti bendrojo azoto, bendrojo fosforo, sunkiųjų metalų kiekius šiose atliekose bei nustatyti jų pH. Tyrimams naudotos organinės atliekos: nuotekų valymo dumblas, vaisių ir daržovių atliekos, vištų mėšlas, kiaulidžių srutos ir žlaugtas. Nustatyta, kad daugiausia azoto ir fosforo turi anaerobiškai perdirbtas kiaulių mėšlas, todėl jis tinkamiausias kaip organinė trąša labiausiai nualintiems dirvožemiams bei išeksploatuotiems plotams rekultivuoti. Azoto perdirbtame kiaulių mėšle yra 8,27 mg/l, fosforo – 293,1 mg/l. Didžiausi sunkiųjų metalų kiekiai nustatyti anaerobiškai perdirbtame nuotekų valyklos dumble. Chromo koncentracija siekia 1,53 mg/kg, cinko – 21,28 mg/kg, mangano – 50,03 mg/kg, švino – 10,46 mg/kg, vario – 50,48 mg/kg, nikelio – 12,88 mg/kg. Nė vienu iš tirtų atvejų sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos perdirbtose organinėse atliekose neviršijo DLK. Labiausiai rūgštiesiems dirvožemiams tręšti tinka anaerobiškai perdirbtas kiaulių mėšlas ir nuotekų valymo dumblas, kurių pH rodiklis didžiausias – siekia atitinkamai 7 ir 7,1. Įvertinus biogeninių elementų ir sunkiųjų metalų kiekį bei pH, galima teigti, kad dirvai tręšti iš tirtųjų organinių atliekų tinkamiausias yra kiaulių mėšlas. Резюме Одним из наиболее перспективных методов преобразования органических отходов в альтернативную энергию и удобрения является анаэробное сбраживание отходов в биореакторах. Для оценки пригодности внесения в почву биологически переработанных органических отходов в виде удобрений проводился эксперимент с целью определения суммы содержащихся в отходах общего азота, общего фосфора, тяжелых металлов и рН. Для исследований в качестве органических отходов использовался ил сточных вод из очистных сооружений, фруктово-овощные отходы, куриный помет, навоз и навозная жижа. Наибольшее содержание азота и фосфора было определено в анаэробно переработанном свином навозе, поэтому он наиболее приемлем в качестве органического удобрения для восстановления и рекультивации почв. Обработанный свиной навоз содержит 8,27 мг/л азота и 293,1 мг/л фосфора. Наибольшее содержание тяжелых металлов было установлено в анаэробно переработанном иле из сточных вод предприятий. Концентрация хрома в нем составляла 1,53 мг/кг, цинка – 21,28 мг/кг, марганца – 50,03 мг/кг, свинца – 10,46 мг/кг, меди – 50,48 мг/кг, никеля – 12,88 мг/кг. Ни в одном из исследованных случаев концентрации тяжелых металлов в переработанных органических отходах не превышали максимально допустимых концентраций (ПДК). Для удобрения кислых почв наиболее приемлем анаэробно переработанный свиной навоз и ил стоков из очистителей, содержащие высший показатель pH (соответственно 7 и 7,1). На основании полученных величин биогенных элементов, тяжелых металлов и pH можно утверждать, что из всех исследованных органических отходов наиболее пригоден для удобрения почв свиной навоз.

Predicted Solution Phase Forms of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge‐Treated Soils

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Emmerich ◽  
L. J. Lund ◽  
A. L. Page ◽  
A. C. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Solution Phase
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