Gradation, design, and cost consideration in blending aggregates for asphaltic concrete pavements

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said M. Easa
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Feasible Region ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Asphaltic Concrete ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Automatic Elimination ◽  
Fineness Modulus

This paper presents an analytic (algorithmic) method for determining the optimum proportions of aggregates that satisfy specific gradation, design, and cost requirements of the blend. The gradation requirements include the specification limits and mean deviation from the midpoint of specifications limits. The design requirements include fineness modulus, plasticity index, and specific gravity. The optimum proportions may correspond to minimum mean deviation or minimum cost. In addition to providing the optimum solutions, the method provides the entire feasible region of proportions that may be useful if adjustments of proportions are deemed necessary.The paper first reviews existing aggregate blending methods, classifies them, and describes how the proposed method fits into that classification system. The method is then described along with its graphical interpretation. The method may be regarded as a simulation process and as such is not subjected to any type of constraints. Application of the method to a numerical aggregate blending problem was made to illustrate its use.While existing methods consider minimizing mean deviation (with no consideration of cost) or minimizing cost (with no consideration of mean deviation) the proposed method considers both mean deviation and cost as well as the physical properties. Other advantages of the method include adaptability to linear or stepwise cost functions of aggregates, automatic elimination of negative solutions, and provision for different weights (importance levels) of sieve specifications. Key words: blending, aggregate proportions, cost, mean deviation, gradation, specific gravity, plasticity index, fineness modulus, asphaltic concrete.

Minimum cost design of sulphur concrete pavements

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Loov ◽  
J. E. Gillott ◽  
I. J. Jordaan ◽  
N. G. Shrive
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Asphaltic Concrete ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Material Stiffness ◽  
Minimum Cost Design ◽  
Stiffness Characteristics

Two types of paving materials have traditionally been used for surfaces that must be better than can be provided by materials such as gravel or soil-cement. Portland-cement concrete has been designed based on procedures that recognize the rigid nature of this material. Asphaltic concrete has, on the other hand, been designed based on a recognition of the flexible nature of this material.We have found that, with minor differences in the amounts of suitable additives, sulphur concrete can be tailored to have different stiffness characteristics ranging between asphaltic concrete and Portland-cement concrete. With this material we have an opportunity therefore to choose the material stiffness that will result in the minimum pavement thickness for a given situation. The optimum material stiffness has been determined, based on different sub-base stiffnesses for standard wheel loads.The results of this investigation should be of interest to all engineers faced with the responsibility for designing pavements. Keywords: pavement, sulphur concrete, minimum cost design, highways.

An Integrated Product-Process Design Approach Considering Material Selection and Product Assembly

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 675-699
Author(s):  
Abadi Chaimae ◽  
Abadi Asmae ◽  
Manssouri Imad
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Product Assembly ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Nowadays, industries face very strong challenges because of the high competitiveness between them. In fact, they are required to offer products with high quality and minimum cost in the minimum time. Since most of the characteristics and costs of the product and its manufacturing process are fixed in the design phase, this paper is focused on this strategic phase. Indeed, a new integrated product design approach is presented. It considers at the same time design requirements, materials characteristics, manufacturing parameters and the assembly process specifications. The developed approach is quantitative. Actually, the decision making is based on all its steps on objective and subjective indicators. To validate the integrated approach, a case study on the Schrader Robot is developed. This application allows to choose the most appropriate materials, manufacturing processes and assembly solution of its different components.

Research on Roller Compacted Concrete Graduation with Vibration Liquefaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Wen Liu ◽  
Bo Tian ◽  
Rong Guo Hou ◽  
Sili Li
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Roller Compacted Concrete ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Fineness Modulus

In the rolling process, reasonable way of grading and rolling can improve the compactness and anti-permeability of roller compacted concrete (RCC), as well can make its strength meet the design requirements. Vibration liquefaction is the key step for RCC in the rolling process. Therefore, this paper first puts forward the more suitable method, Modified Vebe Vibration Liquefaction Test, to account for the characteristics of vibration liquefaction in RCC, and then, studies the coarse aggregate gradation scope using aggregate gradually filling theory. Though Modified Vebe Vibration Liquefaction Test, the research show that the aggregate VCA and the characteristics of vibration liquefaction of RCC have a good correlation. Finally, by studying the sand ratio and fineness modulus of sand how to affect the performance of liquefied RCC, the optimum value range of sand ratio and fineness modulus of sand was determined.

scholarly journals Development and Study for the Conversion of Silo Ash Into Aggregate of Different Fraction

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Zohaib Uddin ◽  
Dr. Prabha Padmakaraan ◽  
Ak Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Fineness Modulus

In This Study, The Strength and Productivity of Artificial Aggregate of Different Fraction Made Utilizing Fly Ash (Silo Ash), Silo Fly Ash Has Been Used and The Attempt Has Been Made to Cast the Finished Product in The Form of Aggregate of Different Fraction. The Measured Properties of Artificial Aggregate Were Crushing Strength, Fineness Modulus, Leach ability Test or pH, Fine Wastage, Specific Gravity, Density, Voids and Water absorption.

Minimum Weight Design of Pre Engineered Steel Structures Using Built-up Sections and Cold Formed Sections

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umair Saleem ◽  
Zahid Ahmad Siddiqi ◽  
Hisham Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Conventional Steel ◽  
Weight Design ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Hot Rolled

In the past few decades most of the efforts were made to achieve minimum weight of the steel structures by satisfying all the design requirements imposed by various latest building codes and this idea lead towards the concept of pre-engineered steel buildings (PEB). In current research work, minimum weight buildings are targeted with simple fabrication process and easy erection to have maximum structural efficiency. Minimum weight of structure is proportional to the minimum cost and hence lowers seismic and gravitational forces. To achieve above mentioned objectives and to verify the suitability and applicability of concept of PEB, a sample steel industrial building is first analyzed and designed by using conventional steel hot rolled sections and then by using pre-engineered tapered and cold formed sections. Results of analysis were compared in terms of weight and response of structures which clearly indicated that PEB structures are of less weight and structurally more efficient than conventional steel structures.

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