Etude de la coagulation des eaux par fluorométrie

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-261
Author(s):  
Jean-B. Sérodes ◽  
Alain Soucy
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
New Method ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Aluminum Salts ◽  
Aluminum Ion ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Residual Aluminum ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The use of a fluorometric method for the determination of residual aluminum salts used as coagulants in water treatment has permitted evaluation of the influence of some factors, particularly temperature, on the hydrolysis of these salts. The yield of hydrolysis is lessened by low temperatures and aluminum ion is more sensitive than aluminate ion. This new method is suggested for detecting abnormal working of water treatment plants.

Determination of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Fractions of Natural Organic Matter in Raw Water of Jalalieh and Tehranspars Water Treatment Plants (Tehran)

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 2651-2655 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Zazouli ◽  
S. Nasseri . ◽  
A.H. Mahvi . ◽  
A.R. Mesdaghinia . ◽  
M. Younecian . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Determination of odorous VOCs and the risk of occupational exposure to airborne compounds at the waste water treatment plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2183-2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lehtinen ◽  
A. Veijanen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Exposure Limit

Concentrations of non methane-VOCs and risk levels of employees’ exposure to VOCs were determined at two Finnish waste water treatment plants. The concentration of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) reached the Finnish OEL (occupational exposure limit). The concentrations of styrene, 1,2-dichloroethane, and toluene were found to be elevated at plant A. 328.4 μg/m3 of styrene and 709.8 μg/m3 toluene was found in the sludge dewatering, and 955.8 μg/m3 of 1,2-dichloroethane was detected in the trash rake. TVOC concentrations varied from 149.8 μg/m3 in the Plant B sludge dewatering to 7719.0 μg/m3 in the Plant A sludge dewatering. Most of the detected TVOC concentrations were quite high in comparison to the indoor air regulations or recommendations. The most odorous compounds were determined by combined TD-GC-MS-sniffing analysis. Odour was mainly caused by sulphur-containing compounds, aldehydes, and butanoic acid, in addition to aromatic compounds such as styrene, toluene and 4-methylphenol.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Turkey and Determination of Revision Needs

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Esra Giresunlu ◽  
Arife Özüdoğru ◽  
Fulya Yaycılı ◽  
Hilal Uflaz ◽  
Cenk GÜMÜŞKAYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

scholarly journals Evaluation of Residual Al3+ and Fe3+ Concentration in Blended Alum-Ferric Chloride Coagulant Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gobena B ◽  
Adela Y ◽  
Serbessa GG ◽  
Alemayehu E
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Ferric Ion ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Aluminum Ion ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Residual Aluminum

The use of aluminum and iron salts as coagulants in water treatment may cause the rise of aluminum and iron ions concentrations in finished water. Approximately drinking water is responsible for nearly five percent of the aluminum ingested by humans although aluminum accumulation in the brain is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to evaluate the residual concentration of Al3+ and Fe3+ upon the use of blended alum-ferric chloride coagulant in clarifier effluent. An experimental study of Jar tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of blended alum-ferric chloride coagulant use on the finished water residual aluminum and ferric ion concentration. All parameters were determined according to APHA standard methods for water and wastewater examination. Data were compiled and analyzed using Microsoft excels 10 and Minitab 16 and presented using tables and graphs. As compared to single coagulant use, 1:1 A-FC (Alum-Ferric chloride) mix-use resulted in an average of 40% aluminum ion concentration and 20% residual ferric ion concentration reduction. At optimal pH and dose, the residual aluminum ion concentration were 0.1 mg/L, 0.06 mg/L and 0.09 mg/L for alum, 1:1 and 3:1 A-FC coagulants, respectively. While, the ferric ion concentration were 0.4 mg/L, 0.32 mg/L and 0.11 mg/L for ferric chloride, 1:1 and 3:1 alum-ferric chloride coagulants, respectively. The study demonstrated a strong correlation (r=0.93) between coagulant dose and residual aluminum ion concentration which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Also, a strong correlation (r=-0.97) was observed between the water pH and residual aluminum ion concentration which was similarly statistically significant (P<0.05). The residual aluminum and ferric ion concentrations were greatly reduced when alum and ferric chloride coagulants were used in combinations than used separately. The regular monitoring of chemical residuals in drinking water and control of coagulant conditions should be considered in the water treatment process.

PREGNANETRIOL IN URINE: DETERMINATION AS A 17-KETOGENIC STEROID

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXII (IV) ◽  
pp. 596-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
New Method ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ABSTRACT A new method has been described for the determination of pregnanetriol in urine. It depends on the oxidation of pregnanetriol glucuronide to aetiocholanolone and its measurement as a Zimmermann chromogen after chromatography on silica gel. The method was applied to the urine from normal individuals and patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the results were compared with a method using enzymic hydrolysis of the steroid conjugate.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of Trialkyl/Aryl Phosphates in Drinking Water, Following Isolation Using Macroreticular Resin

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 991-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy L Lebel ◽  
David T Williams ◽  
Frank M Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Triethyl Phosphate ◽  
Tricresyl Phosphate ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Abstract An XAD-2 screening method developed previously fororganophosphorus pesticides has been extended to determine trialkyl/aryl phosphates in drinking water at the ng/L level. Recovery studies at 1,10, and 100 ng/L levels were carried out by fortification onto XAD-2 resin and by direct on-stream fortification of drinking water. Recoveries were &gt;70% for tri-nbutyl, tris(2-chloroethyl), tri(2-ethylhexyl), tributoxyethyl, triphenyl, and tricresyl phosphate. Triethyl phosphate recoveries were about 25%. Analysis of drinking water samples collected at 6 eastern Ontario water treatment plants revealed the presence of several trialkyl/aryl phosphates at levels ranging from 0.2 to 75 mg/L.

A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF VERY SMALL AMOUNTS OF OESTRONE IN HUMAN URINE

1960 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. BROWN ◽  
H. A. F. BLAIR
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
New Method ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Purification Step ◽  
Acidic Fraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Alkaline Carbonate

SUMMARY A purification step involving separation of the ketonic fraction through the Girard complex has been incorporated in an earlier method for estimating urinary oestrogens. The new method, which measures oestrone only, involves acid or enzymic hydrolysis of the urine, extraction with ether, removal of the acidic fraction with alkaline carbonate solution, evaporation of the ether, separation of the ketonic fraction through the Girard complex, saponification, methylation, and chromatography on alumina columns. The oestrone methyl ether present in the final extract is measured by a semi-micro modification of the Kober reaction, which, with the larger volume of urine processed, increases the sensitivity of the estimation ninefold. This increase in sensitivity is made possible by the purification achieved in the new method, and fractions of 1 μg oestrone/24 hr urine can be measured. The reliability of the new method has been investigated and data concerning its accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity are presented. By comparison with the new method, the earlier method gives overestimates of approx. 0.9 μg oestrone/24 hr urine.

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