Sustainable precast concrete foundation system for residential construction

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Yu ◽  
Mohamed Al-Hussein ◽  
Reza Nasseri ◽  
Roger J. Cheng

Residential construction has changed little in decades. In North America, houses are constructed predominantly with cast-in-place (CIP) concrete basement foundations and “custom-built” wood platform – framing structures. To improve the productivity of residential construction, a precast concrete foundation (PCF) system was developed by the University of Alberta and its industrial partners. Although the PCF system can be built much faster and better than conventional CIP foundations, it has not been considered a viable alternative in residential construction due to the belief that it is costly and less flexible. To overcome this perception, special research efforts were made to address issues of manufacturability, constructability, and standardization. This paper proposes an innovative design of the PCF system that satisfies functional requirements, while obtaining a minimum total cost and achieving flexibility. The unique features include a modularized rib structure, external insulation, and simplified bolted connections. A comparative analysis between PCF and traditional CIP concrete foundation systems is also presented.

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH BUTSON ◽  
R. T. BERG

A milking experiment with range, single-suckled beef cows was conducted over two lactations in 1976 and 1977 at the University of Alberta Research Ranch. A total of 428 cows were milked, ranging from 2 to 10 yr of age and representing four breed groups of Herefords and crossbreds of traditional beef and dairy breeds. Measurements of milk were taken in June and September each year. Milk was extracted following an intrajugular injection of 20 IU of oxytocin. Samples were analyzed for butterfat percent, protein percent and lactose percent. Age and breed of dam differences in milk yields, constituent percentages and yields were assessed. Least squares means of yields pooled over the two periods each year indicated that dams with Holstein and Brown Swiss breeding (DS) yielded more milk than beef crossbreds and purebred Herefords. Average milk yields estimated over 24 h ranged from 5.7 kg/day for Herefords to 7.8 kg/day for DS dams. Compared to 2-yr olds at 100%, 3-yr olds produced 125%, 4-yr olds 136% and mature cows 139% greater yield. The difference between June and September yields was evident between breed groups. Hereford milk production exhibited the greatest decline over 87 days compared to all other crossbreds and DS were the most persistent. Mature cows maintained milk yields better than younger cows, and 2-yr old milk yields declined most noticeably. All crossbred groups produced less butterfat percent and lactose percent content than the Herefords, yet yielded more total energy. All constituent percentages were higher than those reported for commercial dairy cattle. All constituent percentages increased significantly from June to September at approximately 130 days in lactation. A significant decline was noted for all constituent yields in September. Dairy crossbreds demonstrated the highest persistency for all constituent yields. Beef Synthetic dams were intermediate in yield persistency. Average milk yields had negative (P < 0.05) correlations with average constituent percentages. Inter-correlations among constituent percentages were variable and generally small and negative. Key words: Lactation, range cows


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Polkinghorne

Smyth, Fiona. The Never Weres. Toronto: Annick Press, 2011. Print. What would life be like for humanity’s final generation, those who would always be the youngest people on Earth, born just before a “barren virus” has rendered humans infertile? This question underpins the pre-teen sci-fi mystery The Never Weres, the first graphic novel from Toronto-based Fiona Smyth, veteran painter, cartoonist, and illustrator. Smyth’s exploration of the daily lives of teenagers Xian, Mia, and Jesse is a fresh extrapolation of the dystopian “world without children,” popularly identified with P.D. James’ Children of Men. Smyth interweaves her heroes’ world — from which parents are variously absent — with classic science fiction tropes such as robotics, genetics, and virtual online communities. Most pressingly, the ethical and practical implications of human cloning are central to the mystery as it unfolds. Smyth handles the issue evenly and rightly represents it as controversial. By focusing on a missing girl’s possible involvement with long-ago experiments, Smyth effectively provokes reflection about cloning’s impacts on human relationships. However, she has simplified the relevant ideas to the extent that readers may not be challenged much by them. The layouts of The Never Weres are at times confusing and may hinder readers’ progress. The book’s visual style conveys Smyth’s vision of a bleak, crowded, deteriorating Toronto somewhat better than it captures her spirited protagonists. Overall, despite some weaknesses, The Never Weres wraps a worthwhile science-positive message within an engaging mystery adventure. Recommended with reservations: 2 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Sarah PolkinghorneSarah is a Public Services Librarian at the University of Alberta. She enjoys all sorts of books. 


2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Huck

Thake, Richard.  Illus. Vince Chul. Sir Seth Thistlewaite and the Kingdom of the Caves. Owlkids, 2011. Print. Sir Seth Thistlewaite and the Kingdom of the Caves is the second book in a series detailing the adventures of the eponymous protagonist, his dog Shasta and his friend Sir Ollie Everghettz. Together, the two friends are the Mighty Knights of Right and Honour, knights errant who look for wrongs to right in fantastical lands inhabited by strange creatures ruled by kings and queens. Like the Narnia adventures, these domains lie just beyond our everyday world, but unlike those books, these stories are meant to be comic and fun. More than forty illustrations are incorporated into the text. Together, the text and illustrations suggest the pace and style of an animated cartoon. The story in this book takes place in the Queendom of Claire, a secret land underneath Puddlewater Pond, a feature of the world of Thatchwych from the first book that Sir Seth enters when he dons his homemade armor fashioned from hockey gear. The water is being drained from Puddlewater pond and the King commissions Sir Seth and Sir Ollie to find out why and stop the leak. In fact, the water is being siphoned out of the pond into the Queendom of Claire below because of a water shortage caused by a malicious elf Ooz (who looks like an ogre). Ooz has blocked Claire’s primary river because his pet dinosaur Grak has eaten most of the trees in the queendom, leaving deserts in his wake, and Ooz wants the queen to let Grak graze in the royal gardens. Sir Seth and Sir Ollie are commissioned (anew) by the Queen of Claire to unblock the river, and so they set out across the desert, called the Sadlands, in search of Ooz, hooking up with feisty princess Sundra Neeth and the dubiously helpful family of Fibbs along the way. When Ooz captures the search party, he hatches a new plan to hold the princess for ransom until the queen gives him possession of the entire land of Claire. Ooz leaves our heroes in his cave with Grak and sets off to meet the queen, but the prisoners escape and rush back to the castle to try to prevent him from executing his plan. Thake aims for an outsized, slightly absurdist style to convey a sense of adventure and fun: alliterations, rhymes, and puns are sprinkled throughout; two or three adjectives are usually thought better than one; and characteristics tend to be exaggerated, meaning that big is gigant-o-normous, and small is tinier than the teensiest speck of dust on the underside of a mitochondria. Similarly, events in the plot don’t transpire, rather, they tend to happen all of a sudden and cause widespread dumbstruck-edness. This hyperbolic style is tough to maintain and it is successful in some places more than others; at a certain point, constant surprise ceases to be surprising and characters are weakened when they share the same reactions. Chui’s clean illustrations hit all the right notes and add a lot to the book. While the book is mainly plot driven, it does convey other messages worth mentioning. The knights enter each unknown situation without bias, demonstrate tolerance when encountering strange creatures, and encourage others to explore untapped potential. Also, the plot is a kind of lesson in environmental activism. When Princess Sundra Neeth discovers that the Sadlands are not barren after all, but populated by many desert creatures, she promises that, as queen, she will “make sure these Sadlands become glad again.” Age K-6. Recommended with reservations:  2 stars out of 4Reviewer: John HuckJohn Huck is a metadata and cataloguing librarian at the University of Alberta. He holds an undergraduate degree in English literature and maintains a special interest in the spoken word. He is also a classical musician and has sung semi-professionally for many years.


2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
D. Spaner ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
A. Navabi ◽  
K. Strenzke ◽  
B. Beres

Parata is a hard red spring wheat developed at the University of Alberta. In three years of testing in the Parkland Cooperative Registration Test, Parata was higher yielding (P < 0.05) than AC Splendor (5.9 %) and CDC Teal (4.1 %) but similar to CDC Osler and AAC Connery. Parata matured earlier than CDC Teal, CDC Osler and AAC Connery and 1.6 days later than AC Splendor. Parata was shorter than all checks except AAC Connery and exhibited lodging resistance better than AC Splendor and CDC Osler. Test weight of Parata was greater than all checks by at least 1 kg hL−1, while seed mass was within the range of the check cultivars. Parata was rated resistant to the prevalent races of stem and stripe rust in three years of testing. It was rated R/MR in two years and MS in one year for leaf rust; and was I in two years and S in one year for common bunt. The FHB disease indices for Parata ranged from MS (1 rating) to MR in six station years. Three years of end-use quality evaluation has indicated that Parata is acceptable for the CWRS class, with improvements especially in flour yield and flour ash.


Author(s):  
Salah Haj Ismail ◽  
◽  
Abdalla Mahamad Alhamdany ◽  

The performance of the construction sector in Iraq suffers both price fluctuations and inaccurate estimations. Thus, the need for the development of engineering management is of paramount importance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the possibilities for implementing value engineering technique as a tool of construction management in Iraq. Moreover, to develop an overarching framework for the decision-making in construction projects. Analysing an actual case study, the Islamic sciences college at the University of Fallujah, highlighted that the value engineering is an applicable strategy in Iraq since its clear, concise, and obtaining results rapidly. A better alternative was suggested increasing durability and decreasing time and cost consumption. A precast concrete system slightly better than the steel structure due to the factors and conditions of the market. As a result, enhancing rigidity, thermal and sound isolation and code compatibility were the most essential criteria to be considered in such cases.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Aitken

Lee, Dennis.  Garbage Delight.  Illus. Sandy Nichols. Toronto: Harper Collins, 2015. Print.Should anyone doubt the power of illustration in children’s literature (no children’s literature specialist would—but should anyone) all doubt can be dispelled by a comparison of this new work illustrated by Sandy Nichols, with Lee’s earlier one of the same title: Garbage Delight, illustrated by Frank Newfeld, classic edition, Harper Collins, 1977. In the original work, Garbage Delight is the title poem of a collection as irrepressible as its intended audience.  (Five and six-year-olds would be a good target.)  Frank Newfeld’s illustration of the “Garbage…” eater is “Bigfoot,” a ferocious stuffed animal with a unicorn’s horn, an alligator’s teeth, and a lion’s claws—and, oh yes, a dress. Introduced to us on page 18, Bigfoot returns to preside over a table laden with a spectacular array of food—all in living color: the jelly, the “hamburgles”, ice cream, and cake that the poem promises, along with a whole lot more. Interestingly, there isn’t any real “garbage” on that overflowing table; it is just the prospect of the gluttony to follow that strikes us as obscene, hilarious, and memorable.The new edition, focusing on one single poem, and physically designed for the very young, enables illustrator Sandy Nichols to take a very different tack from that of Newfeld. Nichols has the freedom to tell a whole story: a bear cub clambers into a fenced yard where a pair of toy creatures, one reptilian (possibly a stegosaurus), one sheep-like, are picnicking.  The cub, eschewing the picnic treats, tears into and devours the garbage.  When it collapses from its exertions, the toy creatures wrap it lovingly in their picnic blanket and cart it out of their yard.  Ultimately, the cub returns to its much relieved mother.The color palette Nichols uses is delicate, her line drawings often evocative. Her depiction of the reptile beating a pan with a spoon while the horn-tooting sheep, cub in tow, brings up the rear is particularly charming.  (For reasons unknown, it connotes an illustration of the nursery rhyme “Hey-Diddle-Diddle” for this reviewer.  We even see the moon come out, although no one jumps over it!) To describe in a single word her storyline, her illustrations, her evocations, and her tone, I can do no better than the publisher’s notes accompanying the text: winsome.  In sum, Nichols’ work is a fresh and entirely valid interpretation of a Canadian children’s classic.  Well done.Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Leslie AitkenLeslie Aitken’s long career in librarianship included selection of children’s literature for school, public, special and academic libraries.  She is former Curriculum Librarian for the University of Alberta.


Author(s):  
R. Levi-Setti ◽  
J. M. Chabala ◽  
R. Espinosa ◽  
M. M. Le Beau

We have shown previously that isotope-labelled nucleotides in human metaphase chromosomes can be detected and mapped by imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), using the University of Chicago high resolution scanning ion microprobe (UC SIM). These early studies, conducted with BrdU- and 14C-thymidine-labelled chromosomes via detection of the Br and 28CN- (14C14N-> labelcarrying signals, provided some evidence for the condensation of the label into banding patterns along the chromatids (SIMS bands) reminiscent of the well known Q- and G-bands obtained by conventional staining methods for optical microscopy. The potential of this technique has been greatly enhanced by the recent upgrade of the UC SIM, now coupled to a high performance magnetic sector mass spectrometer in lieu of the previous RF quadrupole mass filter. The high transmission of the new spectrometer improves the SIMS analytical sensitivity of the microprobe better than a hundredfold, overcoming most of the previous imaging limitations resulting from low count statistics.


PCI Journal ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Bruno Elias Ramos ◽  
John Colao ◽  
Paul Martinez ◽  
Peter G. Trolani ◽  
Ted Wolfstahl

Author(s):  
Tracy Stewart ◽  
Denise Koufogiannakis ◽  
Robert S.A. Hayward ◽  
Ellen Crumley ◽  
Michael E. Moffatt

This paper will report on the establishment of the Centres for Health Evidence (CHE) Demonstration Project in both Edmonton at the University of Alberta and in Winnipeg at the University of Manitoba. The CHE Project brings together a variety of partners to support evidence-based practice using Internet-based desktops on hospital wards. There is a discussion of the CHE's cultural and political experiences. An overview of the research opportunities emanating from the CHE Project is presented as well as some early observations about information usage.


NeuroSci ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Kulpreet Cheema ◽  
William E. Hodgetts ◽  
Jacqueline Cummine

Much work has been done to characterize domain-specific brain networks associated with reading, but very little work has been done with respect to spelling. Our aim was to characterize domain-specific spelling networks (SpNs) and domain-general resting state networks (RSNs) in adults with and without literacy impairments. Skilled and impaired adults were recruited from the University of Alberta. Participants completed three conditions of an in-scanner spelling task called a letter probe task (LPT). We found highly connected SpNs for both groups of individuals, albeit comparatively more connections for skilled (50) vs. impaired (43) readers. Notably, the SpNs did not correlate with spelling behaviour for either group. We also found relationships between SpNs and RSNs for both groups of individuals, this time with comparatively fewer connections for skilled (36) vs. impaired (53) readers. Finally, the RSNs did predict spelling performance in a limited manner for the skilled readers. These results advance our understanding of brain networks associated with spelling and add to the growing body of literature that describes the important and intricate connections between domain-specific networks and domain-general networks (i.e., resting states) in individuals with and without developmental disorders.


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