scholarly journals Two new types of bridges: under-deck cable-stayed bridges and combined cable-stayed bridges — the state of the art

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1003-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Ruiz-Teran ◽  
A C Aparicio
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Highly Dispersed ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges ◽  
Made In

At least 20 cable-stayed bridges have been built over the last 30 years that cannot be classified under existing typologies for cable-stayed bridges. These structures represent two new types of cable-stayed bridges that we herein define as "under-deck cable-stayed bridges" and "combined cable-stayed bridges." The evolution of these new bridge types is explored through consideration of the different proposals and structures that have been built throughout this period, pointing out the innovations made in each of them. In this paper we propose a new classification system for bridges prestressed by means of tendons into which these two new bridge types will fit. Studies that have been made of these structural types are also highlighted. On the basis of the aforementioned, we describe the state-of-the-art for these structural types, compiling and cataloguing information, documents, and knowledge that were previously highly dispersed. Lastly, we make a critical analysis of the current situation and draw some key conclusions.Key words: under-deck cable-staying, combined cable-staying, cable-stayed bridges, extradosed prestressing, intradosed prestressing, prestressing.

A Comprehensive Taxonomy of Dynamic Texture Representation

2023 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Thanh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Phuong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Made In

Representing dynamic textures (DTs) plays an important role in many real implementations in the computer vision community. Due to the turbulent and non-directional motions of DTs along with the negative impacts of different factors (e.g., environmental changes, noise, illumination, etc.), efficiently analyzing DTs has raised considerable challenges for the state-of-the-art approaches. For 20 years, many different techniques have been introduced to handle the above well-known issues for enhancing the performance. Those methods have shown valuable contributions, but the problems have been incompletely dealt with, particularly recognizing DTs on large-scale datasets. In this article, we present a comprehensive taxonomy of DT representation in order to purposefully give a thorough overview of the existing methods along with overall evaluations of their obtained performances. Accordingly, we arrange the methods into six canonical categories. Each of them is then taken in a brief presentation of its principal methodology stream and various related variants. The effectiveness levels of the state-of-the-art methods are then investigated and thoroughly discussed with respect to quantitative and qualitative evaluations in classifying DTs on benchmark datasets. Finally, we point out several potential applications and the remaining challenges that should be addressed in further directions. In comparison with two existing shallow DT surveys (i.e., the first one is out of date as it was made in 2005, while the newer one (published in 2016) is an inadequate overview), we believe that our proposed comprehensive taxonomy not only provides a better view of DT representation for the target readers but also stimulates future research activities.

Women in Brazilian CS Research Community

2012 ◽  
pp. 1824-1839
Author(s):  
Mirella M. Moro ◽  
Taisy Weber ◽  
Carla M.D.S. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Do So

Many communities have been concerned with the problem of bringing more girls to technology and science related areas. The authors believe that the first step in order to solve such a problem is to understand the current situation, like to investigate the “state-of-the-art” of the problem. Therefore, in this chapter, they present the first study to identify which areas of Computer Science have more and less feminine participation. In order to do so, they have considered the program committees of the Brazilian conferences in those areas. The authors’ study evaluates the 2008 and previous editions of such conferences. They also discuss some Brazilian initiatives to bring more girls to Computer Science as well present what else can be done.

The Technique of Raman Spectroscopy: A State-of-the-Art Comparison to Infrared

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard J. Sloane
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Future Outlook ◽  
Sample Handling ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Made In

This paper in a tabulated summary format discusses the state-of-the-art of Raman spectroscopy for commercially available instrumentation. A comparison to infrared is made in terms of (I) instrumentation, (II) sample handling, and (III) applications. Although the two techniques yield similar and often complementary information, they are quite different from the point of view of instrumentation and sampling procedures. This leads to various advantages and disadvantages or limitations for each. These are discussed as well as the future outlook.

scholarly journals An Extended Commentary on Post-Publication Peer Review In Organizational Neuroscience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy A Prochilo ◽  
Winnifred R Louis ◽  
Stefan Bode ◽  
Hannes Zacher ◽  
Pascal Molenberghs
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
The State ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Explicit Reference ◽  
Major Review ◽  
Specific Concern ◽  
Made In

Note: this manuscript has been peer reviewed and is published in Meta-Psychology. Please cite as: Prochilo, G. A., Louis, W. R., Bode, S., Zacher, H., & Molenberghs, P. (2019). An Extended Commentary on Post-publication Peer Review in Organizational Neuroscience. Meta-Psychology, 3. https://doi.org/10.15626/MP.2018.935 | While considerable progress has been made in organizational neuroscience over the past decade, we argue that critical evaluations of published empirical works are not being conducted carefully and consistently. In this extended commentary we take as an example Waldman and colleagues (2017): a major review work that evaluates the state-of-the-art of organizational neuroscience. In what should be an evaluation of the field’s empirical work, the authors uncritically summarize a series of studies that: (1) provide insufficient transparency to be clearly understood, evaluated, or replicated, and/or (2) which misuse inferential tests that lead to misleading conclusions, among other concerns. These concerns have been ignored across multiple major reviews and citing articles. We therefore provide a post-publication review (in two parts) of one-third of all studies evaluated in Waldman and colleague’s major review work. In Part I, we systematically evaluate the field’s two seminal works with respect to their methods, analytic strategy, results, and interpretation of findings. And in Part II, we provide focused reviews of secondary works that each center on a specific concern we suggest should be a point of discussion as the field moves forward. In doing so, we identify a series of practices we recommend will improve the state of the literature. This includes: (1) evaluating the transparency and completeness of an empirical article before accepting its claims, (2) becoming familiar with common misuses or misconceptions of statistical testing, and (3) interpreting results with an explicit reference to effect size magnitude, precision, and accuracy, among other recommendations. We suggest that adopting these practices will motivate the development of a more replicable, reliable, and trustworthy field of organizational neuroscience moving forward.

scholarly journals Losses in water distribution networks – a bibliometric review: general aspects and optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e407101220659
Author(s):  
Emerson Pessanha de Almeida ◽  
Fernando das Graças Braga da Silva ◽  
Victor Eduardo de Mello Valerio
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
General Aspects

The research carried out in the water distribution networks is of great importance, given the social, environmental and economic impacts that have occurred due to the scarcity of water resources. Therefore, any scientific effort shown in research that studies water distribution systems is of great relevance. Techniques such as mathematical modeling, computer simulation and statistical methods are widely used in order to obtain more reliable answers, whether for the identification of the current situation of the network, as well as for the prediction of scenarios, failure events, increased demand, etc. The objective of this work is to carry out a bibliometric analysis to identify the state of the art of research that addresses the theme of water distribution networks for the control and reduction of the volume of water losses, which will serve as a guide for future works to to structure itself in the most relevant researches that study the theme. The developed methodology was able to analyze a metadata composed of 4188 documents taken from the Web of Science journals database. As a result, a geographical view of the theme was obtained, pointing out the main countries, affiliations, journals and researchers, as well as pointing out the main documents and relevance of the theme. It can be concluded after the results obtained that bibliometric analysis is an important tool for obtaining the state of the art. With it is possible to have a better understanding of the current situation in the development of research, familiarizing researchers with what is most current and relevant.

Women in Brazilian CS Research Community

2010 ◽  
pp. 301-317
Author(s):  
Mirella M. Moro ◽  
Taisy Weber ◽  
Carla M.D.S. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Do So

Many communities have been concerned with the problem of bringing more girls to technology and science related areas. The authors believe that the first step in order to solve such a problem is to understand the current situation, like to investigate the “state-of-the-art” of the problem. Therefore, in this chapter, they present the first study to identify which areas of Computer Science have more and less feminine participation. In order to do so, they have considered the program committees of the Brazilian conferences in those areas. The authors’ study evaluates the 2008 and previous editions of such conferences. They also discuss some Brazilian initiatives to bring more girls to Computer Science as well present what else can be done.

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