Natural superficial water storage and aquifer recharge assessment in Brazilian savanna wetland using unmanned aerial vehicle and geophysical survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-244
Author(s):  
Lucas Moreira Furlan ◽  
Vania Rosolen ◽  
Jepherson Salles ◽  
César Augusto Moreira ◽  
Manuel Eduardo Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Subsurface Structures ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

Human pressure on the water resources provided by natural isolated wetlands has intensified in Brazil due to an increase in agricultural land equipped with irrigation. However, the amount of water stored in these areas and its contribution to aquifer recharge is unknown. This study aimed to quantify the amount of water that can be retained in a natural wetland and to propose a model of groundwater recharge. We used remote sensing techniques involving unmanned aerial vehicle to map the wetland and highlight its internal morphology, using a red–green–blue orthomosaic and a digital surface model. The 2-D inversion and a pseudo-3-D model from electrical resistivity tomography data were used to visualize the subsurface structures and hydrologic flow paths. The wetland is a reservoir storing up to 416.996 m3 of water during the rainy months. Distinct internal compartments characterize the wetland topography and different water-volume storage, lower in the border and higher in the center. A leakage point connects surface water to groundwater through direct vertical flow, which constitutes the aquifer recharge zone. Remotely sensed very high-resolution images allied with geophysical techniques allowed complete surface and subsurface imaging and offered visual tools that contributed to understanding the hydrodynamics of the wetland.

scholarly journals Improved Accuracy of Riparian Zone Mapping Using Near Ground Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Photogrammetry Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1997
Author(s):  
Joan Grau ◽  
Kang Liang ◽  
Jae Ogilvie ◽  
Paul Arp ◽  
Sheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Channel Network ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

In agriculture-dominant watersheds, riparian ecosystems provide a wide array of benefits such as reducing soil erosion, filtering chemical compounds, and retaining sediments. Traditionally, the boundaries of riparian zones could be estimated from Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) or field surveys. In this study, we used an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and photogrammetry method to map the boundaries of riparian zones. We first obtained the 3D digital surface model with a UAV. We applied the Vertical Distance to Channel Network (VDTCN) as a classifier to delineate the boundaries of the riparian area in an agricultural watershed. The same method was also used with a low-resolution DEM obtained with traditional photogrammetry and two more LiDAR-derived DEMs, and the results of different methods were compared. Results indicated that higher resolution UAV-derived DEM achieved a high agreement with the field-measured riparian zone. The accuracy achieved (Kappa Coefficient, KC = 63%) with the UAV-derived DEM was comparable with high-resolution LiDAR-derived DEMs and significantly higher than the prediction accuracy based on traditional low-resolution DEMs obtained with high altitude aerial photos (KC = 25%). We also found that the presence of a dense herbaceous layer on the ground could cause errors in riparian zone delineation with VDTCN for both low altitude UAV and LiDAR data. Nevertheless, the study indicated that using the VDTCN as a classifier combined with a UAV-derived DEM is a suitable approach for mapping riparian zones and can be used for precision agriculture and environmental protection over agricultural landscapes.

scholarly journals Digitization of agricultural land using an unmanned aerial vehicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 032002
Author(s):  
N V Abramov ◽  
S A Semizorov ◽  
S V Sherstobitov ◽  
M V Gunger ◽  
D A Petukhov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Land Using

Retrieving individual tree heights from a point cloud generated with optical imagery from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1012-1024
Author(s):  
Meimei Wang ◽  
Jiayuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
The Mean

Individual tree height (ITH) is one of the most important vertical structure parameters of a forest. Field measurement and laser scanning are very expensive for large forests. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective method to acquire ITHs in a forest using the optical overlapping images captured by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The data sets, including a point cloud, a digital surface model (DSM), and a digital orthorectified map (DOM), were produced from the UAV imagery. The canopy height model (CHM) was obtained by subtracting the digital elevation model (DEM) from the DSM removed of low vegetation. Object-based image analysis was used to extract individual tree crowns (ITCs) from the DOM, and ITHs were initially extracted by overlaying ITC outlines on the CHM. As the extracted ITHs were generally slightly shorter than the measured ITHs, a linear relationship was established between them. The final ITHs of the test site were retrieved by inputting extracted ITHs into the linear regression model. As a result, the coefficient of determination (R2), the root mean square error (RMSE), the mean absolute error (MAE), and the mean relative error (MRE) of the retrieved ITHs against the measured ITHs were 0.92, 1.08 m, 0.76 m, and 0.08, respectively.

scholarly journals Deserted Medieval Village Reconstruction Using Applied Geosciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1975
Author(s):  
Alexandru Hegyi ◽  
Apostolos Sarris ◽  
Florin Curta ◽  
Cristian Floca ◽  
Sorin Forțiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Small Satellites ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

This study presents a new way to reconstruct the extent of medieval archaeological sites by using approaches from the field of geoinformatics. Hence, we propose a combined use of non-invasive methodologies which are used for the first time to study a medieval village in Romania. The focus here will be on ground-based and satellite remote-sensing techniques. The method relies on computing vegetation indices (proxies), which have been utilized for archaeological site detection in order to detect the layout of a deserted medieval town located in southwestern Romania. The data were produced by a group of small satellites (3U CubeSats) dispatched by Planet Labs which delivered high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface. The globe is encompassed by more than 150 satellites (dimensions: 10 × 10 × 30 cm) which catch different images for the same area at moderately short intervals at a spatial resolution of 3–4 m. The four-band Planet Scope satellite images were employed to calculate a number of vegetation indices such as NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), DVI (Difference Vegetation Index), SR (Simple Vegetation Ratio) and others. For better precision, structure from motion (SfM) techniques were applied to generate a high-resolution orthomosaic and a digital surface model in which the boundaries of the medieval village of “Șanțul Turcilor” in Mașloc, Romania, can be plainly observed. Additionally, this study contrasts the outcomes with a geophysical survey that was attempted inside the central part of the medieval settlement. The technical results of this study also provide strong evidence from an historical point of view: the first documented case of village systematization during the medieval period within Eastern Europe (particularly Romania) found through geoscientific methods.

scholarly journals Exploring the contributions of vegetation and dune size to early dune development using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 5533-5549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinka E. B. van Puijenbroek ◽  
Corjan Nolet ◽  
Alma V. de Groot ◽  
Juha M. Suomalainen ◽  
Michel J. P. M. Riksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Vegetation Characteristics

Abstract. Dune development along highly dynamic land–sea boundaries is the result of interaction between vegetation and dune size with sedimentation and erosion processes. Disentangling the contribution of vegetation characteristics from that of dune size would improve predictions of nebkha dune development under a changing climate, but has proven difficult due to the scarcity of spatially continuous monitoring data. This study explored the contributions of vegetation and dune size to dune development for locations differing in shelter from the sea. We monitored a natural nebkha dune field of 8 ha, along the coast of the island Texel, the Netherlands, for 1 year using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with camera. After constructing a digital surface model and orthomosaic we derived for each dune (1) vegetation characteristics (species composition, vegetation density, and maximum vegetation height), (2) dune size (dune volume, area, and maximum height), (3) degree of shelter (proximity to other nebkha dunes and the sheltering by the foredune). Changes in dune volume over summer and winter were related to vegetation, dune size and degree of shelter. We found that a positive change in dune volume (dune growth) was linearly related to initial dune volume over summer but not over winter. Big dunes accumulated more sand than small dunes due to their larger surface area. Exposed dunes increased more in volume (0.81 % per dune per week) than sheltered dunes (0.2 % per dune per week) over summer, while the opposite occurred over winter. Vegetation characteristics did not significantly affect dune growth in summer, but did significantly affect dune growth in winter. Over winter, dunes dominated by Ammophila arenaria, a grass species with high vegetation density throughout the year, increased more in volume than dunes dominated by Elytrigia juncea, a grass species with lower vegetation density (0.43 vs. 0.42 (m3 m−3) week−1). The effect of species was irrespective of dune size or distance to the sea. Our results show that dune growth in summer is mainly determined by dune size, whereas in winter dune growth was determined by vegetation type. In our study area the growth of exposed dunes was likely restricted by storm erosion, whereas growth of sheltered dunes was restricted by sand supply. Our results can be used to improve models predicting coastal dune development.

scholarly journals Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing and a Monitoring Information System to Enhance the Management of Unauthorized Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 4954
Author(s):  
Yuanrong He ◽  
Weiwei Ma ◽  
Zelong Ma ◽  
Wenjie Fu ◽  
Chihcheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Ground Survey ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
Interaction Interpretation

In this research, we investigated using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photographic technology to prevent the further expansion of unauthorized construction and thereby reduce postdisaster losses. First, UAV dynamic aerial photography was used to obtain dynamic digital surface model (DSM) data and elevation changes of 2–8 m as the initial sieve target. Then, two periods of dynamic orthophoto images were superimposed for human–computer interaction interpretation, so we could quickly distinguish buildings undergoing expansion, new construction, or demolition. At the same time, mobile geographic information system (GIS) software was used to survey the field, and the information gathered was developed to support unauthorized construction detection. Finally, aerial images, interpretation results, and ground survey information were integrated and released on WebGIS to build a regulatory platform that can achieve accurate management and effectively prevent violations.

scholarly journals Unmanned Helicopter Type Aircraft for the Pesticides and Fertilizers Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
L. A. Marchenko ◽  
M. V. Myzin ◽  
I. V. Kuznetsov ◽  
T. V. Mochkova ◽  
A. Yu. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Unmanned Helicopter ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Digital agricultural production is based on robotic agricultural technologies for the use of pesticides and fertilizers using unmanned aerial systems, which are based on unmanned aerial vehicles for monitoring agricultural land, the pesticides application, fertilizers and other agrochemicals. (Research purpose) To develop an unmanned helicopter based aircraft for applying pesticides and fertilizers, and to substantiate its technological parameters. (Materials and methods) The authors used methodological recommendations on the use of chemicals in the precision farming system, regulatory and technical documentation for unmanned aircraft systems. (Results and discussion) The authors determined the unmanned aerial vehicle main flight technical and technological parameters for the implementation of the applying pesticides and fertilizers process. They established the dependences of its productivity on the norms of introducing working fluids of pesticides and fertilizers, the agricultural field length, and the approach distance to the field. (Conclusions) The authors developed a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle of a coaxial design with a take-off mass of 280 kilograms and a payload of 50-80 kilograms, a rotor diameter of 5.3 meters, a constructive boom width with sprayers of 5 meters, a working flight height of 1-5 meters, a working speed of 40-60 kilometers per hour, the rate of working fluid of pesticides application 10-20 liters per hectare and nitrogen fertilizers 30-120 liters per hectare. They established rational values for the application rates of pesticides – 10-20 liters per hectare, the agricultural field length – at least 0.8 kilometers, ensuring maximum productivity in flight hour when processing the agricultural field. They showed that the flight distance minimizing from the runway to the field significantly increased the productivity of applying pesticides and fertilizers.

scholarly journals Slope Mapping using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1781-1789
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farhan Zolkepli Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
High Quality Image ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Normal Mapping ◽  
Digital Orthophoto

This paper discusses the applications of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for slope mapping and also its important parameters including perimeter, area and also volume of certain selected area. With the development of modern technology, the utilization of UAV to gather data for slope mapping becoming easier as it is quick, reliable, precise, cost-effective and also easily to operate. Modern UAV able to take high quality image which essential for the effectiveness and nature of normal mapping output such as Digital Surface Model (DSM) and Digital Orthophoto. This photo captured by UAV will later transfer to commercial software to generate full map of study area. With the help of established software, the measurement of selected study areas can be determined easily which can be considered as the main interest in this study. In addition, another outcome of this study is, this modern method of mapping will be compare to traditional method of mapping which proven to be more effective in term of low costing, low time consuming, can gather huge amount of data within short period of time, low man power needed and almost no potential risk of hazardous effect to man.

scholarly journals Exploring the contributions of vegetation and dune size to early dune building using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-imaging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinka E. B. van Puijenbroek ◽  
Corjan Nolet ◽  
Alma V. de Groot ◽  
Juha M. Suomalainen ◽  
Michel J. P. M. Riksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Vegetation Characteristics

Abstract. Dune development along highly dynamic land-sea boundaries is the results of interaction between vegetation and dune size with sedimentation and erosion processes. Disentangling the contribution of vegetation characteristics from that of dune size would improve predictions of dune development under a changing climate, but has proven difficult due to scarcity of spatially continuous monitoring data. This study explored the contributions of vegetation and dune size to dune development for locations differing in shelter from the sea. We monitored a natural dune field of 8 hectares, along the coast of the island Texel, the Netherlands, for one year using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with camera. After constructing a Digital Surface Model and orthomosaic we derived for each dune 1) vegetation characteristics (species composition, vegetation density, and maximum vegetation height), 2) dune size (dune volume, area, and maximum height), 3) degree of shelter (proximity to other dunes and the sheltering by the foredune). Changes in dune volume over summer and winter were related to vegetation, dune size and degree of shelter. We found that a positive change in dune volume (dune growth) was linearly related to dune volume over summer but not over winter. Big dunes accumulated more sand than small dunes due to their larger surface area. Exposed dunes increased more in volume than sheltered dunes over summer, while the opposite occurred over winter. Vegetation characteristics did not significantly affect dune growth in summer, but did significantly affect dune growth in winter. Over winter, dunes dominated by Ammophila arenaria, a grass species with high vegetation density throughout the year, increased more in volume than dunes dominated by Elytrigia juncea, a grass species with lower vegetation density. The effect of species was irrespective of dune size or distance to the sea. Our results show that dune growth in summer is mainly determined by dune size, whereas in winter dune growth was determined by vegetation. In our study area the growth of exposed dunes was likely restricted by storm erosion, whereas growth of sheltered dunes was restricted by sand supply. Our results can be used to improve models predicting coastal dune development.

scholarly journals Mangrove Above-Ground Biomass and Carbon Stock in the Karimunjawa-Kemujan Islands Estimated from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Imagery

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 706
Author(s):  
Anindya Wirasatriya ◽  
Rudhi Pribadi ◽  
Sigit Bayhu Iryanthony ◽  
Lilik Maslukah ◽  
Denny Nugroho Sugianto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Carbon Biomass ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Blue carbon ecosystems in the Karimunjawa Islands may play a vital role in absorbing and storing the releasing carbon from the Java Sea. The present study investigated mangrove above-ground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock in the Karimunjawa-Kemujan Islands, the largest mangrove area in the Karimunjawa Islands. Taking the aerial photos from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle combined with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements, we generated Digital Surface Model (DSM) and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) with high accuracy. We calculated mangrove canopy height by subtracting DSM from DTM and then converted it into Lorey’s height. The highest mangrove canopy is located along the coastline facing the sea, ranging from 8 m to 15 m. Stunted mangroves 1 m to 8 m in height are detected mainly in the inner areas. AGBs were calculated using an allometric equation destined for the Southeast and East Asia region. Above-ground carbon biomass is half of AGB. The AGB and carbon biomass of mangroves in the Karimunjawa-Kemujan Islands range from 8 Mg/ha to 328 Mg/ha, and from 4 MgC/ha to 164 MgC/ha, respectively. With a total area of 238.98 ha, the potential above-ground carbon stored in the study area is estimated as 16,555.46 Mg.

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