Is now the time to invest in emergency smart-navigated multiple-response quadcopter fleets?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Timotius Kartawijaya ◽  
Edwin Townsend ◽  
Kevin Tully ◽  
Paul Isihara ◽  
Danilo R. Diedrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Fleet Size ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Humanitarian Response ◽  
Design Life ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Technology

With increased development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology and its application during humanitarian response to emergencies, the issue of smart navigation as a better alternative to manual operators is becoming increasingly significant. In response to a SmartAmerica initiative to design life-saving cyber-physical systems, a prototype Smart Emergency Response System (SERS) was developed in 2013–2014 to coordinate futuristic disaster response by cyber agents including ground and aerial telerobots and biobots. A more immediate application of the SERS system is simulation of quadcopter response to 911 police and fire requests. Tailoring parameters to specific locations, simulations inform decisions about effective quadcopter fleet size and quantify improved operator cost efficiency of a smart-navigated response.

The humanitarian imperative for education in disaster response

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gerard Halman ◽  
Elske van de Fliert ◽  
M. Adil Khan ◽  
Lynda Shevellar
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Humanitarian Response ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an argument showing the importance of education as a disaster response activity, and why it must figure more prominently in financial and material support for humanitarian disasters. Design/methodology/approach A critical review of the literature and case studies that have considered humanitarian response activities is carried out, drawing together conclusions on the varied impacts of Education in Emergencies (EiE) on affected populations and identifying the need for more research in this area. Findings Despite rhetorical commitments to education as an emergency response activity, it is often dismissed as non-life saving, and receives the poorer share of funding and resources from humanitarian budgets. It places lower in the consciousness of states and donors than traditional response activities, yet rates highly by affected communities. However, education is both life-saving and life-sustaining when taking into account the impact of education beyond teaching and learning. The processes and effects of education as part of emergency response need to be better understood, and further research that links education and its life-saving capability will strengthen its case. Originality/value This paper argues how immediate response to restore education functions in affected communities after an emergency can significantly contribute to child protection and health. It provides compelling reasons for the status of EiE as a response activity, adding to the voice of more than 200 million people affected by disasters every year, many of whom continue to prioritise education.

A Cooperative Emergency Response System based on the Disaster Response Activity Plan

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sang Kyu Rheem ◽  
◽  
Woo Jung Choi ◽  
Chang Jae Kwak ◽  
Keum Ho Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System

Remotely Piloted Life-Saving Effort vehicles and emergency management: An analysis on revolutionizing humanitarian assistance in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ali Bin Nadeem, MSc ◽  
YSA Chandna
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Humanitarian Response ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
History Of ◽  
Functional Capacities

The majority of the Pakistani public has known little of the unmanned aerial vehicles, also known for their onomatopoeically inspired name “drones,” except the fact that it regularly rains Hellfire missiles in Pakistan, claiming the lives of many innocent Pakistanis settled in the western provinces. In actuality, in addition to their destructive capacities, these remotely piloted vehicles have been used since the turn of the century in a variety of live-saving and risk-reducing roles. This research article primarily addresses the third stage of Emergency management response, with Pakistan being the primary region of research. This research article will first begin by diagnosing and accurately delineating the types of humanitarian crisis that grip Pakistan, devastating its land, exhausting its limited resources in its weak, and now almost archaic, disaster response strategy that results in the prolongation of its citizens’ plight. Subsequently, this article will describe the history of the usage of unmanned vehicles, its multi-functional capacities, and its relevance in aiding humanitarian response efforts in disaster-stricken areas. Finally, this article will propose the introduction of Remotely Piloted Life-Saving Effort (RELIEF) vehicles in performing analysis and surveillance roles in Pakistan's disaster-prone and disaster-struck areas and its capacity to dramatically improve and expedite the existing relief supply delivery systems in place.

Can Alexa, Cortana, Google Assistant and Siri save your life? A mixed-methods analysis of virtual digital assistants and their responses to first aid and basic life support queries

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Christopher Picard ◽  
Katherine Elizabeth Smith ◽  
Kelly Picard ◽  
Matthew John Douma
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System ◽  
Life Saving

BackgroundVirtual digital assistants are devices that interact with the user through natural language processing and artificial intelligence. They can respond to verbal requests for first aid information. This study analyses the responses provided by the four most common devices.MethodsThis mixed-methods study employs structured interviews of the virtual digital assistants (Alexa, Cortana, Google Home and Siri) as well as descriptive statistical analyses. One hundred and twenty-three interview questions, based on 39 first aid topics, were employed. Responses were analysed for recognition and quality. Detection of query acuity was performed according to triage guidelines and response complexity was calculated.ResultsDevice performance was highly variable. Alexa and Google Home demonstrated high rates of recognition (92% vs 98% (p=0.03)) and low-to-moderate congruence with guidelines (19% vs 56% (p=0.04)). They appropriately recommended emergency response system activation 46% of the time vs 16% (p=0.01) of the time, respectively. The overall low quality responses of Cortana and Siri prohibited their analysis. Mean response complexity for Alexa was ‘grade 10’ vs ‘grade 8’ for Google Home (p<0.001).InterpretationThis is the first study to assess virtual digital assistants from a first aid and basic life support perspective, finding potential in this technology to provide life-saving instructions and activate the emergency response system. When asked common first aid related questions Google Home and Alexa outperformed Siri and Cortana. Overall, the device responses were of mixed quality ranging from the provision of factual guideline-based information to no response at all.

The Haiti Humanitarian Response Course: A Novel Approach to Local Responder Training in International Humanitarian Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Nirma D. Bustamante ◽  
Shada A. Rouhani ◽  
Sean Kivlehan ◽  
Keegan A. Checkett ◽  
Kerling Israel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Humanitarian Response ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Local Capacity ◽  
Response Capacity ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Disaster Training

AbstractIntroduction:Countries most affected by disasters are often those with limited local capacity to respond. When local capacity is overwhelmed, international humanitarian response often provides needs-based emergency response. Despite global progress in education and the development of international humanitarian response standards, access to training and integration of local actors in response mechanisms remains limited. In May 2017, the Haiti Humanitarian Response Course (HHRC) was implemented in Mirebalais, Haiti to increase local capacity and allow for effective future engagement with international humanitarian actors in a country prone to disasters.Report:In collaboration with the Hôpital Universitaire de Mirebalais’ (HUM; Mirebalais, Haiti) Department of Medical Education and Emergency Medicine (EM) residency program, four physicians from the Division of Global Emergency Care and Humanitarian Studies at Brigham and Women’s Hospital (Boston, Massachusetts USA) facilitated the course, which included 53 local physicians and staff. Following 15 hours of online pre-course preparation, through didactics and practical small-group exercises, the course focused on key components of international humanitarian response, minimum standards for effective response, and the roles of key response players. The course was free to participants and taught in English and French.Discussion:The HHRC reduced the barriers often faced by local actors who seek training in international humanitarian response by offering free training in their own community. It presents a novel approach to narrow critical gaps in training local populations in international humanitarian response, especially in environments prone to crises and disasters. This approach can help local responders better access international humanitarian response mechanisms when the local response capacity is exhausted or overwhelmed.Conclusion:The HHRC demonstrates a potential new model for humanitarian and disaster training and offers a model for similar programs in other disaster-prone countries. Ultimately, local capacity building could lead to more efficient resource utilization, improved knowledge sharing, and better disaster response.

Application of Locating Technology in the Highway Emergency Response System

ICCTP 2009 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hantao Zhao ◽  
Yunpeng Wang ◽  
Shiwu Li ◽  
Hongyan Mao
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System

IMPLEMENTATIONS EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ERA-GLONASS) FOR CARS AND TRUCKS IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmal Rustamov
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System

The paper addresses the problem of increasing transportation safety due to usage of new possibilities provided by modern technologies. The proposed approach extends such systems as ERA-GLONASS and eCall via service network composition enabling not only transmitting additional information but also information fusion for defining required emergency means as well as planning for a whole emergency response operation. The main idea of the approach is to model the cyber physical human system components by sets of services representing them. The services are provided with the capability of self- contextualization to autonomously adapt their behaviors to the context of the car-driver system. The approach is illustrated via an accident emergency situation response scenario. “ERA-GLONASS” is the Russian state emergency response system for accidents, aimed at improving road safety and reducing the death rate from accidents by reducing the time for warning emergency services. In fact, this is a partially copied European e Call system with some differences in the data being transmitted and partly backward compatible with the European parent. The principle of the system is quite simple and logical: in the event of an accident, the module built into the car in fully automatic mode and without human intervention determines the severity of the accident, determines the vehicle’s location via GLONASS or GPS, establishes connection with the system infrastructure and in accordance with the protocol, transfers the necessary data on the accident (a certain distress signal). Having received the distress signal, the employee of the call center of the system operator should call the on-board device and find out what happened. If no one answers, send the received data to Sistema-112 and send it to the exact coordinates of the team of rescuers and doctors, and the last one to arrive at the place is given 20 minutes. And all this, I repeat, without the participation of a person: even if people caught in an accident will not be able to independently call emergency services, the data on the accident will still be transferred. In this work intended to add some information about applying system project in Uzbek Roads especially mountain regions like “Kamchik” pass. The Kamchik Pass is a high mountain pass at an elevation of 2.306 m above the sea level, located in the Qurama Mountains in eastern Uzbekistan and its length is about 88km.The road to reach the pass is asphalted, but there are rough sections where the asphalt has disappeared. It’s called A373. The old road over the pass was by passed by a tunnel built in 1999. On the horizon, the snow-capped peaks of the Fan Mountains come into view. The pass is located in the Fergana Valley between the Tashkent and Namangan Regions.

scholarly journals COVID-19 emergencies around the globe: China’s experience in controlling COVID-19 and lessons learned

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Jin ◽  
Ligong Lu ◽  
Junwei Liu ◽  
Min Cui
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Abstract Motivation Nations around the world have been significantly impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. China’s strategies for controlling COVID-19 offer valuable lessons for the global community. By learning from China’s experience and lessons, other countries could also find appropriate methods to control the pandemic. Problem statement What measures has China taken to control the pandemic? What lessons has China learned through this pandemic? Approach/methods The literature on China’s lessons and experience in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic was searched and reviewed. Related newspapers and magazines were also searched. Results China’s experience can be summed up as establishing temporary hospitals, strict isolation, experts with a knowledge of COVID-19, and measures that increase social distancing. Conclusions By learning from the experience of China, other countries in the world could eventually find the methods to control the COVID-19 pandemic. An emergency response system should be established in each country. Doctors and nurses are not alone in fighting COVID-19, and the entire world is helping them. With cooperation, current difficulties could be overcome.

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