Bones and beyond: an update on the role of vitamin D in child and adolescent health in Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 770-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Child And Adolescent Health

Knowledge regarding the physiological role and dietary requirements of vitamin D has dramatically expanded over the past several decades. The “new” vitamin D is not only a mediator of calcium homeostasis, but also has important immunomodulatory, anti-microbial, and anti-proliferative actions. Amidst the growing interest in vitamin D as a mediator of many chronic diseases of adulthood such as cancer and type II diabetes, less attention has focused on the implications of the new understanding of vitamin D for child and adolescent health. This article reviews the definition of vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) as it applies to children and adolescents, the current vitamin D status of Canadian children and adolescents, pediatric conditions that may be related to VDI, and the evidence base for current dietary recommendations for vitamin D intake. Pharmacokinetic studies and epidemiologic research that incorporates clinical and functional outcomes are needed to clarify the role of vitamin D in growth and development and the specific dietary vitamin D requirements among Canadian children and adolescents.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 School Closure on Child and Adolescent Health: A Rapid Systematic Review

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Sonia Chaabane ◽  
Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy ◽  
Karima Chaabna ◽  
Ravinder Mamtani ◽  
Sohaila Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
School Closure ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Child And Adolescent Health ◽  
The Impact

School closures during pandemics raise important concerns for children and adolescents. Our aim is synthesizing available data on the impact of school closure during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on child and adolescent health globally. We conducted a rapid systematic review by searching PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar for any study published between January and September 2020. We included a total of ten primary studies. COVID-19-related school closure was associated with a significant decline in the number of hospital admissions and pediatric emergency department visits. However, a number of children and adolescents lost access to school-based healthcare services, special services for children with disabilities, and nutrition programs. A greater risk of widening educational disparities due to lack of support and resources for remote learning were also reported among poorer families and children with disabilities. School closure also contributed to increased anxiety and loneliness in young people and child stress, sadness, frustration, indiscipline, and hyperactivity. The longer the duration of school closure and reduction of daily physical activity, the higher was the predicted increase of Body Mass Index and childhood obesity prevalence. There is a need to identify children and adolescents at higher risk of learning and mental health impairments and support them during school closures.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC BASES OF HYGIENE AND HEALTH OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS (TO THE 60TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE INSTITUTE OF HYGIENE AND CHILD AND ADOLESCENT HEALTH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Vladislav R Kuchma
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Child And Adolescent Health ◽  
Basic And Applied Research

60 years of the work of the Scientific and Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents of the National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health, 2, bld. 1, Lomonosov avenue, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation of the Ministry of Health of Russia provide an analysis of research directions, their achievements and use in health care and education. A series of discoveries, basic and applied research in the field of hygiene of children and adolescents, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the children’s population allowed to substantiate the modern system of hygiene and child and adolescent health, prevention of the most common diseases, school-related diseases and conditions, including population and personalized levels, and effective technologies to ensure them. Effective models of medical care for students in educational institutions, the activities of schools promoting health have been developed. Fundamental guidelines have been prepared for physicians on the hygiene of children and adolescents, school medicine, and medical support for students in educational institutions. Primary in the development and improvement of the hygiene of children and adolescents are the following: modernization, re-equipment of material and technical base for research; attracting young, talented and dedicated researchers; ensuring safe life and adaptation of children and adolescents in the context of global digitalization, including safe goods and services for children and adolescents, as part of the new scientific and technological development strategy of the country; constant monitoring of the development of hygienic science and correction of plans for basic and applied research in the field of hygiene and child and adolescent health.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies Examining the Relationship Between Reported Racism and Health and Wellbeing for Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Priest ◽  
Kate Doery ◽  
Mandy Truong ◽  
Shuaijun Guo ◽  
Brigid Trenerry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Child And Adolescent Health ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTIntroductionThere is a growing body of research showing associations between experiences of racism and poor health and wellbeing outcomes for children and adolescents. The aim of this review protocol is to update the first systematic review conducted by Priest et al. 2013, including a meta-analysis of findings. Based on previous empirical data, it is anticipated that child and adolescent health will be negatively impacted by racism. This review will provide updated evidence of effect sizes across outcomes and identify moderators and mediators of relationships.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will include studies that explore associations between experiences of racism and racial dissemination with health outcomes of children and adolescents aged 0- 24 years of age from any racial/ethnic/cultural group. Outcome measures include general health and wellbeing, physical health, mental health, healthcare utilisation and health behaviours. Exposure measures include self- reported and proxy reported personal experiences of racism and reported experiences of vicarious racism. The authors will conduct a comprehensive search of studies from the earliest time available to September 2020. All relevant studies will be screened with data extraction, quality appraisal and publication bias conducted independently by at least two authors.Ethics and DisseminationThis review will provide evidence for future research within the field and help to support policy and practice development. Results from this systematic review and meta-analysis will be widely disseminated to both academic and non-academic audiences.Ethics approval is not required as this is a review of existing empirical findings.Article Summary-This is an updated systematic review which aims to update the findings from the first international review conducted by Priest et al. 2013. However, it is the first meta-analysis to be conducted exploring the relationship between racism and health in child and adolescent from all ethnic/racial/cultural backgrounds.-This systematic review will show the health effects of racial discrimination on child and adolescent health, the key pathways by which racial discrimination influences these outcomes and identify potential moderators and mediators.-Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis will be used to provide recommendations for future research and inform the development of effective evidence-based strategies for addressing racism and ameliorating its harmful effects.-This systematic review has a bias towards papers published in English as this review will only search studies published in English, meaning that studies not-published in English will not be included in this review. By doing so this review may not include all findings of all relevant studies.

scholarly journals Diet of schoolchildren as a risk factor of nutritional disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (Ahead of Print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feruza Kochkorova ◽  
Marina Esenamanova ◽  
Tatyana Tsivinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Child And Adolescent Health ◽  
Nutrition Disorders

In this paper, we present the literature review on nutrition disorders in schoolchildren. as well as the data about the role of rational and balanced nutrition- in strengthening of child and adolescent health. We provided the review of literature on the approaches in education facilities on healthy diet education and school meals.

scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency as a public health issue: using vitamin D2or vitamin D3in future fortification strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise R. Wilson ◽  
Laura Tripkovic ◽  
Kathryn H. Hart ◽  
Susan A Lanham-New
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Food Fortification ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Dietary Vitamin D

The role of vitamin D in supporting the growth and maintenance of the skeleton is robust; with recent research also suggesting a beneficial link between vitamin D and other non-skeletal health outcomes, including immune function, cardiovascular health and cancer. Despite this, vitamin D deficiency remains a global public health issue, with a renewed focus in the UK following the publication of Public Health England's new Dietary Vitamin D Requirements. Natural sources of vitamin D (dietary and UVB exposure) are limited, and thus mechanisms are needed to allow individuals to achieve the new dietary recommendations. Mandatory or voluntary vitamin D food fortification may be one of the mechanisms to increase dietary vitamin D intakes and subsequently improve vitamin D status. However, for the food industry and public to make informed decisions, clarity is needed as to whether vitamins D2and D3are equally effective at raising total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations as the evidence thus far is inconsistent. This review summarises the evidence to date behind the comparative efficacy of vitamins D2and D3at raising 25(OH)D concentrations, and the potential role of vitamin D food fortification as a public health policy to support attainment of dietary recommendations in the UK. The comparative efficacy of vitamins D2and D3has been investigated in several intervention trials, with most indicating that vitamin D3is more effective at raising 25(OH)D concentrations. However, flaws in study designs (predominantly under powering) mean there remains a need for a large, robust randomised-controlled trial to provide conclusive evidence, which the future publication of the D2–D3Study should provide (BBSRC DRINC funded: BB/I006192/1). This review also highlights outstanding questions and gaps in the research that need to be addressed to ensure the most efficacious and safe vitamin D food fortification practices are put in place. This further research, alongside cost, availability and ethical considerations (vitamin D3is not suitable for vegans), will be instrumental in supporting government, decision-makers, industry and consumers in making informed choices about potential future vitamin D policy and practice.

scholarly journals SIX DECADES OF SCIENTIFIC SEARCH IN THE HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-580
Author(s):  
Vladislav R. Kuchma
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Child And Adolescent Health ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Basic And Applied Research

60 years of the work of the Scientific and Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents of the National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health provide an analysis of research directions, their achievements and their use in health care and education. A series of discoveries, basic and applied research in the field of hygiene of children and adolescents, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the children’s population allowed to substantiate the modern system of hygiene and child and adolescent health, prevention of the most common diseases, school-related diseases and conditions, including population and personalized levels, and effective technologies to ensure them. Effective models of medical care for students in educational institutions, the activities of schools that promote health have been developed. Fundamental guidelines have been prepared for physicians on the hygiene of children and adolescents, school medicine, and medical support for students in educational institutions. Primary in the development and improvement of the hygiene of children and adolescents are the following: modernization, re-equipment of material and technical base for research; attracting young, talented and dedicated researchers; ensuring safe life and adaptation of children and adolescents in the context of global digitalization, including safe goods and services for children and adolescents, as part of the new strategy fir the scientific and technological development of the country; constant monitoring of the development of hygienic science and correction of plans for basic and applied research in the field of hygiene and child and adolescent health.

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