scholarly journals Critical Velocity and Anaerobic Distance Capacity in Prepubertal Children

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Berthoin ◽  
Georges Baquet ◽  
Gregory Dupont ◽  
Nicolas Blondel ◽  
Patrick Mucci
Keyword(s):  
Critical Velocity ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
The Relationship

This study was designed to calculate the critical velocity (vcrit) and anaerobic distance capacity (ADC) of prepubescent children for running events. Thirty-four prepubertal children underwent a graded field test to exhaustion in order to determine peak oxygen uptake (peak [Formula: see text]) and maximal aerobic velocity (MAV). Then, in random order, they performed five runs to exhaustion (tlim) at relative velocities corresponding to 90, 95, 100, 105, and 110% of MAV. The linear relationships between distance limit (dlim) and tlim were calculated in order to determine vcrit (slope of the relationship) and ADC (intercept). Very high individual coefficients of determination were found between dlim and tlim (0.98 < r2 < 0.99; p < 0.001). The vcrit was significantly correlated with peak [Formula: see text] (r = 0.73; p < 0.001). However, no relationship was found between ADC and the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit. In conclusion, our results indicated that, for children, the relationship between dlim and tlim could be calculated with tlim ranging from 2 to 10 min, and that vcrit is a good indicator of the aerobic fitness of children. Nevertheless, further studies will have to be conducted to validate the use of ADC as an indicator of children's anaerobic capacity. Key words: aerobic power, anaerobic capacity, comparison, model, performance

Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit of Resistance-Trained Men

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Pizza ◽  
Thomas A. Naglieri ◽  
Robert W. Holtz ◽  
Joel B. Mitchell ◽  
Raymond D. Starling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
The Relationship

The primary purpose of the study was to compare maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) in resistance-trained (RT), endurance-trained (ET), and untrained men (UT). A secondary purpose was to determine the influence of leg muscle mass (MM) on MAOD by examining the relationship between MM and MAOD and by comparing MAOD expressed relative to MM between the groups. MAOD was determined during 2-4 min of constant-load fatiguing cycling. MM, estimated via anthropometric measurements, was higher (p <.05) for RT (mean ± SE; 25.5 ± 3.4 kg) compared to ET (20.3 ± 3.5) and UT (21.6 ± 3.4). MAOD in liters O2 eq was larger in RT (4.75 ± 0.3) compared to UT (3.07 ± 0.3) and ET (3.75 ± 0.3). A significant positive correlation was observed between MAOD (LO2 eq) and MM (kg) for RT only (RT, r =.85; ET, r =.55; UT, r =.20). Based on the correlational and mean MM data, the higher MAOD (LO2 eq) in RT relative to ET and UT is predominantly the result of their larger leg muscle mass. Key words: exercise, anaerobic capacity, muscle mass

Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit in running and cycling

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Hill ◽  
Jakob L. Vingren
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Curvilinear Relationships ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to compare values of maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD; a measure of anaerobic capacity) in running and cycling. Twenty-seven women and 25 men performed exhaustive treadmill and cycle ergometer tests of ∼3 min, ∼5 min, and ∼7 min duration. Oxygen demands were estimated assuming a linear relationship between demand and intensity and also using upwardly curvilinear relationships. When oxygen demand was estimated using speed (with exponent 1.05), values for MAOD for the three running tests were virtually identical; the mean of the three values was 78 ± 7 mL·kg–1. Use of an oxygen demand that was estimated using work rate (with exponent 1.00) generated the most similar values for MAOD from the three cycling tests (mean of 59 ± 6 mL·kg–1). Consistent with the higher (p < 0.05) MAOD in running, peak post-exercise blood lactate concentrations were also higher (p < 0.05) in running (13.9 ± 2.2 mmol·L–1) than in cycling (12.6 ± 2.4 mmol·L–1). The results suggest that the relationship between oxygen demand and running speed is upwardly curvilinear for the speeds used to measure MAOD; the relationship between demand and cycle ergometer work rate is linear; MAOD is greater in running than in cycling.

An Examination of the Anaerobic Capacity of Children Using Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Carlson ◽  
Geraldine A. Naughton
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Downward Shift ◽  
Intraclass Correlations ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

The purpose of this study was to determine the anaerobic capacity of children using the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit technique (AOD). Eighteen healthy children (9 boys, 9 girls) with a mean age of 10.6 years volunteered as subjects. Peak oxygen uptake and submaximal steady-state oxygen uptake tests were conducted against progressive constant work rates on a Cybex cycle ergometer. Supramaximal work rates were predicted from the linear regression of submaximal steady-state work rates and oxygen uptakes to equal 110, 130, and 150% of peak oxygen uptake. Results indicated a significant interaction in the responses of both sexes when the accumulated oxygen deficit data were expressed in both absolute and relative terms. The profile of accumulated oxygen deficits across the three intensities indicated a downward shift in the girls responses between the 110 and 150% supramaximal tests. This trend was not evident in the boys’ responses. Intraclass correlations conducted on test-retest data indicated that compared to the boys, the reliability of the girls in the accumulated oxygen deficits in liters and ml·kg−1 was poorer.

Anaerobic running capacity determined from the critical velocity model is not significantly associated with maximal accumulated oxygen deficit in army runners

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. e159-e165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Zagatto ◽  
C.A. Kalva-Filho ◽  
J.P. Loures ◽  
E.I. Kaminagakura ◽  
P.E. Redkva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Velocity ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

Anaerobic Capacity: A Maximal Anaerobic Running Test Versus the Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil S. Maxwell ◽  
Myra A. Nimmo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Exercise Treadmill

The present investigation evaluates a maximal anaerobic running test (MART) against the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) for the determination of anaerobic capacity. Essentially, this involved comparing 18 male students performing two randomly assigned supramaximal runs to exhaustion on separate days. Post warm-up and 1, 3, and 6 min postexercise capillary blood samples were taken during both tests for plasma blood lactate (BLa) determination. In the MART only, blood ammonia (BNH3) concentration was measured, while capillary blood samples were additionally taken after every second sprint for BLa determination. Anaerobic capacity, measured as oxygen equivalents in the MART protocol, averaged 112.2 ± 5.2 ml∙kg−1∙min−1. Oxygen deficit, representing the anaerobic capacity in the MAOD test, was an average of 74.6 ± 7.3 ml∙kg−1. There was a significant correlation between the MART and MAOD (r =.83, p <.001). BLa values obtained over time in the two tests showed no significant difference, nor was there any difference in the peak BLa recorded. Peak BNH3 concentration recorded was significantly increased from resting levels at exhaustion during the MART. Key words: supramaximal intermittent exercise, treadmill running performance, blood lactate, ammonia

Caffeine Improved Time to Exhaustion But Did Not Change Alternative Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit Estimated During a Single Supramaximal Running Bout

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo De Araujo Bonetti De Poli ◽  
Willian Eiji Miyagi ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Alessandro Moura Zagatto
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of acute caffeine supplementation on anaerobic capacity determined by the alternative maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAODALT) in running effort. Eighteen recreational male runners [29 ± 7years; total body mass 72.1 ± 5.8 kg; height 176.0 ± 5.4cm; maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) 55.8 ± 4.2 ml·kg-1 ·min-1] underwent a graded exercise test. Caffeine (6 mg·kg-1) or a placebo were administered 1 hr before the supramaximal effort at 115% of the intensity associated with VO2max in a double-blind, randomized cross-over study, for MAODALT assessment. The time to exhaustion under caffeine condition (130.2 ± 24.5s) was 11.3% higher (p = .01) than placebo condition (118.8 ± 24.9 s) and the qualitative inference for substantial changes showed a very likely positive effect (93%). The net participation of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway was significantly higher in the caffeine condition (p = .02) and showed a likely positive effect (90%) of 15.3% with caffeine supplementation. The time constant of abrupt decay of excess postexercise oxygen consumption (τ1) was significantly different between caffeine and placebo conditions (p = .03) and showed a likely negative effect (90%), decreasing -8.0% with caffeine supplementation. The oxygen equivalents estimated from the glycolytic and phosphagen metabolic pathways showed a possibly positive effect (68%) and possibly negative effect (78%) in the qualitative inference with caffeine ingestion, respectively. However, the MAODALT did not differ under the caffeine or placebo conditions (p = .68). Therefore, we can conclude that acute caffeine ingestion does not modify the MAODALT, reinforcing the robustness of this method. However, caffeine ingestion can alter the glycolytic and phosphagen metabolic pathway contributions to MAODALT.

Assessment of Child-Specific Aerobic Fitness and Anaerobic Capacity by the Use of the Power-Time Relationships Constants

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwan Leclair ◽  
Benoit Borel ◽  
Delphine Thevenet ◽  
Georges Baquet ◽  
Patrick Mucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Power ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Anaerobic Work Capacity ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Anaerobic Work

This study first aimed to compare critical power (CP) and anaerobic work capacity (AWC), to laboratory standard evaluation methods such as maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD). Secondly, this study compared child and adult CP and AWC values. Subjects performed a maximal graded test to determine V̇O2max and maximal aerobic power (MAP); and four constant load exercises. In children, CP (W.kg−1) was related to V̇O2max (ml.kg−1.min−1; r = .68; p = .004). AWC (J.kg−1) in children was related to MAOD (r = .58; p = .018). Children presented lower AWC (J.kg−1; p = .001) than adults, but similar CP (%MAP) values. CP (%MAP and W.kg−1) and AWC (J.kg−1) were significantly related to laboratory standard evaluation methods but low correlation indicated that they cannot be used interchangeably. CP (%MAP) was similar in children and adults, but AWC (J.kg−1) was significantly lower in children. These conclusions support existing knowledge related to child-adults characteristics.

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