Mitotic and polytene chromosome analyses in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Genome ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
J T Zhao ◽  
M Frommer ◽  
J A Sved ◽  
A Zacharopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
Chromosomal Homology ◽  
Chromosomal Inversions ◽  
Diploid Complement ◽  
Characteristic Features

The Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, like the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, has a diploid complement of 12 chromosomes, including five pairs of autosomes and a XX/XY sex chromosome pair. Characteristic features of each chromosome are described. Chromosomal homology between B. tryoni and C. capitata has been determined by comparing chromosome banding pattern and in situ hybridisation of cloned genes to polytene chromosomes. Although the evidence indicates that a number of chromosomal inversions have occurred since the separation of the two species, synteny of the chromosomes appears to have been maintained.Key words: tephritid fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, polytene chromosomes, in situ hybridisation, chromosomal homology.

Mitotic and polytene chromosome analysis in the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Garcia-Martinez ◽  
E. Hernandez-Ortiz ◽  
C. S. Zepeta-Cisneros ◽  
A. S. Robinson ◽  
A. Zacharopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polytene Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Anastrepha Ludens ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Diploid Complement ◽  
Acrocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Characteristic Features

The present study constitutes the first attempt to construct a polytene chromosome map of an Anastrepha species, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), a major agricultural pest. The mitotic karyotype has a diploid complement of 12 acrocentric chromosomes, including five pairs of autosomes and an XX/XY sex chromosome pair. The analysis of salivary gland polytene chromosomes has shown a total number of five polytene elements that correspond to the five autosomes. The characteristic features and the most prominent landmarks of each chromosome are described. By comparing chromosome banding patterns, the possible chromosomal homology between A. ludens and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) is presented. This work shows that polytene maps of A. ludens are suitable for cytogenetic studies in this species and may be used as reference for other Anastrepha species, most of which are also serious agricultural pests.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of hobo-Mediated Inversions in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-656
Author(s):  
William B Eggleston ◽  
Nac R Rim ◽  
Johng K Lim
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosomal Inversions ◽  
Hobo Element ◽  
Reaction Amplification ◽  
Notch Locus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract The structure of chromosomal inversions mediated by hobo transposable elements in the Uc-1 X chromosome was investigated using cytogenetic and molecular methods. Uc-1 contains a phenotypically silent hobo element inserted in an intron of the Notch locus. Cytological screening identified six independent Notch mutations resulting from chromosomal inversions with one breakpoint at cytological position 3C7, the location of Notch. In situ hybridization to salivary gland polytene chromosomes determined that both ends of each inversion contained hobo and Notch sequences. Southern blot analyses showed that both breakpoints in each inversion had hobo-Notch junction fragments indistinguishable in structure from those present in the Uc-1 X chromosome prior to the rearrangements. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of the 12 hobo-Notch junction fragments in the six inversions, followed by DNA sequence analysis, determined that each was identical to one of the two hobo-Notch junctions present in Uc-1. These results are consistent with a model in which hobo-mediated inversions result from homologous pairing and recombination between a pair of hobo elements in reverse orientation.

The genome of the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae: localization of molecular markers by in situ hybridization to the salivary gland polytene chromosomes

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Zambetaki ◽  
Antigone Zacharopoulou ◽  
Zacharias G. Scouras ◽  
Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Oleae ◽  
Olive Fruit Fly ◽  
Olive Fruit

Molecular characterization and chromosomal localization of female-specific genes from the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ciolfi ◽  
Tiziana de Filippis ◽  
Cristina Torti ◽  
Anna R Malacrida ◽  
Romano Dallai
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Female Specific

We report here the molecular characterization of the female-specific FST (female-specific transcript) genes from the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata. A genomic clone was isolated, containing a sequence coding for FST. Nucleotide analysis of the clone showed that the gene contains a putative unique intron located in the region encoding the signal peptide. Southern blotting and in situ hybridization analysis on polytene chromosomes suggested the presence of additional genes similar to FST in the genome of the medfly. A novel cDNA clone was isolated from an accessory gland cDNA library, encoding a product that shares 98% identity with the hypothetical translational product of the previously isolated FST cDNA. The novel cDNA was therefore named FST2. The analysis of mitotic and polytene chromosomes by in situ hybridization showed that FST genes map on the left arm of the 4th chromosome of C. capitata.Key words: FST, female-specific genes, C. capitata, medfly, FISH.

scholarly journals Sperm sex chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridisation in pygmy hippopotamus

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Saragusty ◽  
Joseph Saragusty ◽  
Robert Hermes ◽  
Heribert Hofer ◽  
Tim Bouts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation

Rapid and high resolution detection of in situ hybridisation to polytene chromosomes using fluorochrome-labeled RNA

Chromosoma ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. J. Bauman ◽  
J. Wiegant ◽  
P. Van Duijn ◽  
N. H. Lubsen ◽  
P. J. A. Sondermeijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Labeled Rna

scholarly journals On the Genomic Location of theexuperantia1Gene inDrosophila miranda: The Limits ofin SituHybridization Experiments

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 1237-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Bachtrog ◽  
Brian Charlesworth
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Hybridization Signal ◽  
Genomic Location ◽  
Multiple Copies

AbstractIn situ hybridization to Drosophila polytene chromosomes is a powerful tool for determining the chromosomal location of genes. Using in situ hybridization experiments, Yi and Charlesworth recently reported the transposition of the exuperantia1 gene (exu1) from a neo-sex chromosome to the ancestral X chromosome of Drosophila miranda, close to exuperantia2 (exu2). By characterizing sequences flanking exu1, however, we found the position of exu1 to be conserved on the neo-sex chromosome. Further, the exu2 gene was found to be tandemly duplicated on the X chromosome of D. miranda. The misleading hybridization signal of exu1 may be caused by multiple copies of exu2, which interfere with the hybridization of the exu1 probe to its genomic position on the neo-X chromosome. This suggests that flanking DNA should be used to confirm the positions of members of gene families.

The Bactrocera oleae genome: localization of nine genes on the polytene chromosomes of the olive fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Drosopoulou ◽  
Ifigeneia Nakou ◽  
Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou
Keyword(s):  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Oleae ◽  
Olive Fruit Fly ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Olive Fruit ◽  
Chromosome Landmarks ◽  
Specific Sequences

Four homologous and five heterologous gene-specific sequences have been mapped by in situ hybridization on the salivary gland polytene chromosomes of the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae. The nine genes were dispersed on four of the five autosomal chromosomes, thus enriching the available set of chromosome landmarks for this major agricultural pest. Present data further supports the proposed chromosome homologies among B. oleae, Ceratitis capitata, and Drosophila melanogaster and the idea of the conservation of chromosomal element identity throughout dipteran evolution.

Monotreme Genetics and Cytology and a Model for Sex-Chromosome Evolution

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Watson
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Gene Location ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Syntenic Group ◽  
Chromosome Differentiation

The protherian mammals consist of three species: the platypus, the Australian echidna and the Niugini echidna. These mammals diverged from the therian line of descent about 150-200 million years ago; hence comparisons of gene arrangements and gene control mechanisms between prototherian and therian mammals may yield significant data about gene rearrangements during mammalian evolution and about the evolution of complex genetic control systems. The chromosome complements of the three monotreme species are highly conserved. In particular, the X (or X1) chromosomes are G-band identical and share considerable G-band homology with the Y chromosomes. Replication asynchrony between X chromosomes suggests that X chromosome inactivation operates in females, and is apparently tissue- specific (as it is in marsupials), and confined to the differential region of the X (X1) chromosome (as it is in eutherian mammals). These results suggest that sex chromosome differentiation in the monotremes represents an intermediate stage in the evolution of the dimorphic sex chromosomes of therian mammals and that X-chromosome inactivation may also represent a comparatively primitive stage. Studies of gene location in the platypus using platypus-rodent cell hybrids suggested that HPRT and PGK are syntenic in the platypus, but it was not possible to assign the syntenic group to a particular chromosome. In situ hybridisation was used to assign three genes, located on the X in eutherians and marsupials, to the monotreme X. However, human X short-arm markers were found by in situ hybridisation to be autosomal in monotremes (as they are in marsupials). A model for the evolution of mammalian sex chromosome differentiation and X-chromosome inactivation is presented in which a gradual reduction of the Y chromosome, and recruitment of newly unpaired loci on the X into a system of X-chromosome inactivation, has accompanied eutherian evolution.

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