Identification of alien chromosomes through GISH and RFLP analysis and the potential for establishing potato lines with monosomic additions of tomato chromosomes

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Garriga-Calderé ◽  
D. J. Huigen ◽  
F. Filotico ◽  
E. Jacobsen ◽  
M. S. Ramanna
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Somatic Hybrids ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Elimination ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Tomato Chromosome ◽  
Complete Series

To increase the potential for establishing a complete series of tomato chromosome addition–sbstitution lines in a potato background, six new BC1 progeny were produced. All of them originated from crosses between three different hexaploid potato (+) tomato fusion hybrids. Three different somatic hybrids, viz., C31-17-5, C31-17-24, and C31-17-51, were used as female parents, and four different tetraploids, viz., Katahdin, Frieslander, 6704-1, and AM66.42 were used as male parents. A characterisation of the genomes of the three fusion hybrids and the six BC1 progenies (6739, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005) through genomic in situ hybridization and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis indicated that there was preferential tomato chromosome elimination in the fusion hybrids. Similar analyses of the six BC1 progeny indicated that a variable number of the alien tomato chromosomes (6–11) were present in individual plants. RFLP analysis using chromosome specific DNA probes indicated that BC1 progenies had retained all 12 tomato chromosomes, albeit in different individual plants. This means that the available BC1 progenies have the potential for establishing a complete series of tomato chromosome addition–substitution lines in a potato background.Key words: protoplast fusion hybrids, Solanum tuberosum, Lycopersicon esculentum, BC1 progeny, in situ hybridization, RFLP analysis.

Standard karyotype of Triticum longissimum and its cytogenetic relationship with T. aestivum

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Friebe ◽  
Neal Tuleen ◽  
Jiming Jiang ◽  
Bikram S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines ◽  
Standard Karyotype ◽  
Fertility Genes

C-banding polymorphism was analyzed in 17 accessions of Triticum longissimum from Israel and Jordan, and a generalized idiogram of this species was established. C-banding analysis was further used to identify two sets of disomic T. aestivum – T. longissimum chromosome addition lines and 13 ditelosomic addition lines and one monotelosomic (6S1L) addition line. C-banding was also used to identify T. aestivum – T. longissimum chromosome substitution and translocation lines. Two major nucleolus organizing regions (NORs) on 5S1 and 6S1 and one minor NOR on 1S1 were detected by in situ hybridization using a 18S–26S rDNA probe. Sporophytic and gametophytic compensation tests were used to determine the homoeologous relationships of T. longissimum chromosomes. The T. longissimum chromosomes compensate rather well and fertility was restored even in substitution lines involving wheat chromosomes 2A, 4B, and 6B that contain major fertility genes. Except for the deleterious gametocidal genes, T. longissimum can be considered as a suitable donor of useful genes for wheat improvement.Key words: Triticum aestivum, Triticum longissimum, homoeology, C-banding, in situ hybridization.

Detection of a variable number of ribosomal DNA loci by fluorescent in situ hybridization in Populus species

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1020-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Prado ◽  
P. Faivre-Rampant ◽  
C. Schneider ◽  
M. A. Darmency
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Populus Species

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied to related Populus species (2n = 19) in order to detect rDNA loci. An interspecific variability in the number of hybridization sites was revealed using as probe an homologous 25S clone from Populus deltoides. The application of image analysis methods to measure fluorescence intensity of the hybridization signals has enabled us to characterize major and minor loci in the 18S–5.8S–25S rDNA. We identified one pair of such rDNA clusters in Populus alba; two pairs, one major and one minor, in both Populus nigra and P. deltoides; and three pairs in Populus balsamifera, (two major and one minor) and Populus euroamericana (one major and two minor). FISH results are in agreement with those based on RFLP analysis. The pBG13 probe containing 5S sequence from flax detected two separate clusters corresponding to the two size classes of units that coexist within 5S rDNA of most Populus species. Key words : Populus spp., fluorescent in situ hybridization, FISH, rDNA variability, image analysis.

Genome reorganization in Nicotiana asymmetric somatic hybrids analysed by in situ hybridization

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Parokonny ◽  
A. Y. Kenton ◽  
Y. Y. Gleba ◽  
M. D. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Somatic Hybrids ◽  
Asymmetric Somatic Hybrids ◽  
Genome Reorganization

Random chromosome elimination in synthetic Triticum–Aegilops amphiploids leads to development of a stable partial amphiploid with high grain micro- and macronutrient content and powdery mildew resistance

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1053-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay K. Tiwari ◽  
Nidhi Rawat ◽  
Kumari Neelam ◽  
Sundip Kumar ◽  
Gursharn S. Randhawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Chromosome Elimination ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Crop Evolution ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

Synthetic amphiploids are the immortal sources for studies on crop evolution, genome dissection, and introgression of useful variability from related species. Cytological analysis of synthetic decaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) –   Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. amphiploids (AABBDDUkUkSkSk) showed some univalents from the C1 generation onward followed by chromosome elimination. Most of the univalents came to metaphase I plate after the reductional division of paired chromosomes and underwent equational division leading to their elimination through laggards and micronuclei. Substantial variation in the chromosome number of pollen mother cells from different tillers, spikelets, and anthers of some plants also indicated somatic chromosome elimination. Genomic in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and simple sequence repeat markers analysis of two amphiploids with reduced chromosomes indicated random chromosome elimination of various genomes with higher sensitivity of D followed by the Sk and Uk genomes to elimination, whereas 1D chromosome was preferentially eliminated in both the amphiploids investigated. One of the partial amphiploids, C4 T. aestivum ‘Chinese Spring’ – Ae. kotschyi 396 (2n = 58), with 34 T. aestivum, 14 Uk, and 10 Sk had stable meiosis and high fertility. The partial amphiploids with white glumes, bold seeds, and tough rachis with high grain macro- and micronutrients and resistance to powdery mildew could be used for T. aestivum biofortification and transfer of powdery mildew resistance.

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