Physical mapping of ribosomal DNA sites in Festuca arundinacea and related species by in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Thomas ◽  
J. A. Harper ◽  
M. R. Meredith ◽  
W. G. Morgan ◽  
I. P. King
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Physical Mapping ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
5S Rrna Genes

The positions of the 18S–5.8S–26S and 5S rRNA genes have been physically mapped on the chromosomes of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid Festuca species by in situ hybridization. The number and position of the rDNA sites in the species were compared. The results confirm some of the earlier phylogenetic studies of these species but suggest that some structural rearrangements have occurred and that sites have been lost during polyploidization. Keywords: Festuca, in situ hybridization, phylogeny, physical mapping, rDNA.

Physical mapping of 45S rRNA genes in Cucumis species by fluorescence in situ hybridization

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Feng Chen ◽  
Jack E Staub ◽  
Jeffrey W Adelberg ◽  
Jiming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
Cucumis Species ◽  
Cucumis Hystrix ◽  
26S Rrna

The chromosomal locations of the genes coding for the 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA was investigated in Cucumis species using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., 2n = 2x = 14) possesses four pairs of rDNA loci that were mapped to chromosomes 1C, 2C, 4C, and 7C. The distinctive hybridization sites of the 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA genes provide several useful cytogenetic markers for identification of chromosomes in C. sativus. The 18S-5.8S-26S rDNA genes have also been detected on two chromosome pairs, one major and one minor pair of loci, in melon (Cucumis melo L., 2n = 2x = 24) and on three pairs of Cucumis hystrix Chakr. chromosomes. The different number and pattern of rDNA sites is consistent with the hypothesis that considerable phylogenetic distance exists among these species.Key words: fluorescence in situ hybridization, 45S rRNA gene, cytogenetics, Cucumis sativus, Cucucmis melo, Cucumis hystrix.

Chromosomal mapping of mouse 5S rRNA genes by direct R-banding fluorescence in situ hybridization

1994 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Matsuda ◽  
K. Moriwaki ◽  
V.M. Chapman ◽  
Y. Hoi-Sen ◽  
J. Akbarzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
5S Rrna ◽  
Chromosomal Mapping ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
5S Rrna Genes

Physical localisation of repetitive DNA sequences in Alstroemeria: karyotyping of two species with species-specific and ribosomal DNA

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvan A. Kamstra ◽  
Anja G. J. Kuipers ◽  
Marjo J. De Jeu ◽  
M. S. Ramanna ◽  
Evert Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
Species Specific

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to localise two species-specific repetitive DNA sequences, A001-I and D32-13, and two highly conserved 25S and 5S rDNA sequences on the metaphase chromosomes of two species of Alstroemeria. The Chilean species, Alstroemeria aurea (2n = 16), has abundant constitutive heterochromatin, whereas the Brazilian species, Alstroemeria inodora, has hardly any heterochromatin. The A. aurea specific A001-I probe hybridized specifically to the C-band regions on all chromosomes. The FISH patterns on A. inodora chromosomes using species-specific probe D32–13 resembled the C-banding pattern and the A001-I pattern on A. aurea chromosomes. There were notable differences in number and distribution of rDNA sites between the two species. The 25S rDNA probe revealed 16 sites in A. aurea that closely colocalised with A001-I sites and 12 in A. inodora that were predominantly detected in the centromeric regions. FISH karyotypes of the two Alstroemeria species were constructed accordingly, enabling full identification of all individual chromosomes. These FISH karyotypes will be useful for monitoring the chromosomes of both Alstroemeria species in hybrids and backcross derivatives.Key words: Alstroemeria, fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH, repetitive DNA, ribosomal DNA, karyotype.

Physical mapping of the 18S–5.8S–26S rRNA genes in barley by in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Leitch ◽  
J. S. Heslop-Harrison
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Gene Mapping ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
26S Rrna

The 18S–5.8S–26S rRNA genes have been located on five pairs of barley (Hordeum vulgare L., 2n = 2x = 14) chromosomes (in descending order of copy number, barley chromosome numbers 6, 7, 5, 1, and 2; homoeologous groups 6I, 5I, 1I, 7I, and 2I) by in situ hybridization followed by C-banding. All sites were at intercalary positions. The pairs of major sites on chromosomes 6 (6I)1 and 7 (5I) are well known. Silver staining of nuclei and meiotic analysis have previously indicated that additional rDNA sites may be present, but the presence of sites on a further three chromosome pairs was unexpected. Within the tribe Triticeae, few species have more than two pairs of rDNA sites, and they have not been reported on group 2 chromosomes. We propose calling the new sites Nor-I1 (on chromosome 5 (1I)), Nor-I4 (on chromosome 1 (7I)), and Nor-I5 (on chromosome 2 (2I)), and that any further rDNA sites on homoeologous group 2 chromosomes should be called Nor-5. As conventional, all designations are based on temporal order of discovery in the Triticeae and designating the H. vulgare genome as I. In situ hybridization is valuable for gene mapping, since it can detect the presence of genes with a very wide range of copy numbers at different sites.Key words: C-banding, nucleolus organizer regions, fluorescent in situ hybridization, Hordeum vulgare, gene mapping.

Quantitative karyotyping and dual-color FISH mapping of 5S and 18S-25S rDNA probes in the cultivated Phaseolus species (Leguminosae)

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1224-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo A Moscone ◽  
Franz Klein ◽  
Maria Lambrou ◽  
Jörg Fuchs ◽  
Dieter Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Chromosomal Assignment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cytogenetic Mapping ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
5S Rrna Genes ◽  
Karyotype Analyses ◽  
25S Rdna ◽  
Phaseolus Species

Double-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) followed by DAPI counterstaining allowed the chromosomal assignment of 5S and 18S-25S rRNA genes in the four cultivated Phaseolus species; P. vulgaris, P. coccineus, P. acutifolius, and P. lunatus (all: 2n = 2x = 22). The rRNA gene loci display variation between species as reflected in differences of signal size and (or) number. From one to three pairs of 5S sites and one to seven pairs of 18S-25S sites were found in the diploid complements of the four taxa studied. Intraspecific variation was studied in P. vulgaris, and it is shown that the number of 18S-25S rDNA sites differs between cultivars. Cytogenetic mapping was complemented by karyotype analyses. Each of the four cultivated Phaseolus species exhibits a characteristic heterochromatin endowment, with P. acutifolius var. latifolius having the highest amount of C-band material. Quantitative karyotyping in combination with cytogenetic mapping allowed the identification of homeologous chromosomes in the different species.Key words: Phaseolus cultivars, 5S rRNA genes, 18S-25S rRNA genes, molecular cytogenetic mapping.

Variability in rDNA loci in Iberian species of the genus Zabrus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Sánchez-Gea ◽  
J Serrano ◽  
J Galián
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
Rdna Loci ◽  
Numerical Variation

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a PCR-amplified 18S ribosomal probe was used to map rDNA loci in 19 taxa of the ground beetle genus Zabrus (2n = 47-63) from the Iberian Peninsula. A quantitative and qualitative variation has been observed among related species, subspecies, populations, and even individuals. The number of rDNA-carrying chromosomes varies from 2 to 12, and the extent of the signal from small dots to entire arms. Changes altering the number of rDNA clusters seem to be uncoupled from the variation found in the chromosome number. Mechanisms that explain the numerical variation and spreading of rDNA clusters throughout the genome within the genus Zabrus are briefly discussed. No concordance between the pattern of rDNA sites and the phylogenetic relationships as based on morphological characters has been found. Key words: Carabidae, Coleoptera, fluorescence in situ hybridization, polymorphism, ribosomal DNA, Zabrus.

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