A study of 28 Elymus species using repetitive DNA sequences

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Svitashev ◽  
Björn Salomon ◽  
Tomas Bryngelsson ◽  
Roland von Bothmer
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Southern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Hybridization Pattern ◽  
Specific Hybridization ◽  
Elymus Species ◽  
Hordeum Species

Four repetitive DNA sequences cloned from the barley (Hordeum vulgare) genome and common for different Triticeae species were used for a molecular study of phylogenetic relationships among 28 Elymus species. Two wild Hordeum species (H genome), two Pseudoroegneria species (S genome), Agropyron cristatum (P genome), and Australopyrum velutinum (W genome) were included as genomic representatives for the genomes that supposedly were involved in the evolution of the genus Elymus. Our results are essentially congruent with the genomic classification system. This study demonstrates that Elymus is not a monophyletic genus. Based on an analysis of Southern blot hybridization we could discriminate between SY and SH species owing to the strong specific hybridization pattern of the H genome. Hexaploid SYH species gave a hybridization pattern similar to SH species for the same reason. The results support the genomic composition of Elymus batalinii as SYP and also indicated the presence of at least one H genome in Elymus enysii with a hitherto unknown genomic constitution. Elymus erianthus had a hybridization pattern distinctly different from all other species in the investigation. Key words : Elymus, RFLP, phylogeny, repetitive DNA.

scholarly journals Intranuclear Anchoring of Repetitive DNA Sequences

1999 ◽  
Vol 147 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Weipoltshammer ◽  
Christian Schöfer ◽  
Marlene Almeder ◽  
Vlada V. Philimonenko ◽  
Klemens Frei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Transcription Unit ◽  
Ribosomal Genes ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences

Centromeres, telomeres, and ribosomal gene clusters consist of repetitive DNA sequences. To assess their contributions to the spatial organization of the interphase genome, their interactions with the nucleoskeleton were examined in quiescent and activated human lymphocytes. The nucleoskeletons were prepared using “physiological” conditions. The resulting structures were probed for specific DNA sequences of centromeres, telomeres, and ribosomal genes by in situ hybridization; the electroeluted DNA fractions were examined by blot hybridization. In both nonstimulated and stimulated lymphocytes, centromeric alpha-satellite repeats were almost exclusively found in the eluted fraction, while telomeric sequences remained attached to the nucleoskeleton. Ribosomal genes showed a transcription-dependent attachment pattern: in unstimulated lymphocytes, transcriptionally inactive ribosomal genes located outside the nucleolus were eluted completely. When comparing transcription unit and intergenic spacer, significantly more of the intergenic spacer was removed. In activated lymphocytes, considerable but similar amounts of both rDNA fragments were eluted. The results demonstrate that: (a) the various repetitive DNA sequences differ significantly in their intranuclear anchoring, (b) telomeric rather than centromeric DNA sequences form stable attachments to the nucleoskeleton, and (c) different attachment mechanisms might be responsible for the interaction of ribosomal genes with the nucleoskeleton.

scholarly journals Genome analysis of South American Elymus (Triticeae) and Leymus (Triticeae) species based on variation in repeated nucleotide sequences

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Dubcovsky ◽  
A. R. Schlatter ◽  
M. Echaide
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Southern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
South American ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Genome Constitution ◽  
Elymus Species ◽  
Hordeum Species ◽  
Species Hybridization

Variation in repeated nucleotide sequences (RNSs) at the level of entire families assayed by Southern blot hybridization is remarkably low within species and is a powerful tool for scrutinizing the origin of allopolyploid taxa. Thirty-one clones from RNSs isolated from different Triticeae genera were used to investigate the genome constitution of South American Elymus. One of these clones, pHch2, preferentially hybridized with the diploid H genome Hordeum species. Hybridization of this clone with a worldwide collection of Elymus species with known genome formulas showed that pHch2 clearly discriminates Elymus species with the H genome (StH, StHH, StStH, and StHY) from those with other genome combinations (StY, StStY, StPY, and StP). Hybridization with pHch2 indicates the presence of the H genome in all South American Elymus species except Elymus erianthus and Elymus mendocinus. Hybridization with additional clones that revealed differential restriction fragments (marker bands) for the H genome confirmed the absence of the H genome in these species. Differential restriction fragments for the Ns genome of Psathyrostachys were detected in E. erianthus and E. mendocinus and three species of Leymus. Based on genome constitution, morphology, and habitat, E. erianthus and E. mendocinus were transferred to the genus Leymus.Key words: Triticeae, Elymus, Leymus, repeated sequences.

Genome-specific repetitive DNA and RAPD markers for genome identification in Elymus and Hordelymus

Genome ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Svitashev ◽  
Tomas Bryngelsson ◽  
Xiaomei Li ◽  
Richard RC Wang
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Comparison ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Homologous Sequence ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Hordelymus Europaeus ◽  
Elymus Species ◽  
Specific Sequences

We have developed RFLP and RAPD markers specific for the genomes involved in the evolution of Elymus species, i.e., the St, Y, H, P, and W genomes. Two P genome specific repetitive DNA sequences, pAgc1 (350 bp) and pAgc30 (458 bp), and three W genome specific sequences, pAuv3 (221 bp), pAuv7 (200 bp), and pAuv13 (207 bp), were isolated from the genomes of Agropyron cristatum and Australopyrum velutinum, respectively. Attempts to find Y genome specific sequences were not successful. Primary-structure analysis demonstrated that pAgc1 (P genome) and pAgc30 (P genome) share 81% similarity over a 227-bp stretch. The three W genome specific sequences were also highly homologous. Sequence comparison analysis revealed no homology to sequences in the EMBL- GenBank databases. Three to four genome-specific RAPD markers were found for each of the five genomes. Genome-specific bands were cloned and demonstrated to be mainly low-copy sequences present in various Triticeae species. The RFLP and RAPD markers obtained, together with the previously described H and St genome specific clones pHch2 and pPlTaq2.5 and the Ns genome specific RAPD markers were used to investigate the genomic composition of a few Elymus species and Hordelymus europaeus, whose genome formulas were unknown. Our results demonstrate that only three of eight Elymus species examined (the tetraploid species Elymus grandis and the hexaploid speciesElymus caesifolius and Elymus borianus) really belong to Elymus.

scholarly journals Repetitive DNA sequences near three humanβ-type globin genes

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 3319-3333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley W. Coggins ◽  
G.Joan Grindlay ◽  
J.Keith Vass ◽  
Alison A. Slater ◽  
Paul Montague ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Globin Genes

Fluorescence in situ hybridization on plant extended chromatin DNA fibers for single-copy and repetitive DNA sequences

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1779-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Yang ◽  
Hecui Zhang ◽  
Richard Converse ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences
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