ISH–facilitated analysis of meiotic bivalent pairing

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Humberto Reyes-Valdés ◽  
Yuanfu Ji ◽  
Charles F. Crane ◽  
M. Nurul Islam-Faridi ◽  
H. James Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Mathematical Relationship ◽  
Rflp Map ◽  
Meiotic Configuration ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Biased Estimates ◽  
Meiosis I ◽  
Proper Orientation

Chiasmata constitute one of the cornerstones of sexual reproduction in most eukaryotes. They mediate the reciprocal genetic exchange between homologues and are essential to the proper orientation of the homologous centromeres in meiosis I. As markers of recombination, they offer a cytological means of mapping. Rather than trying to accurately count individual chiasmata, we have examined properties of the mathematical relationship between frequencies of nonadorned disomic configurations in meiosis (ring, rods, and univalents) and the probabilities at which arms of the respective chromosomes are chiasmate (one or more chiasma per arm). Numerical analyses indicated that conventionally analyzed bivalents with nonidentified arms yield statistically biased estimates of chiasma probabilities under a broad range of circumstances. We subsequently analyzed estimators derived from adorned configurations with ISH-marked arms, which were found to be statistically far superior, and with no assumptions concerning interference across the centromere. We applied this methodology in the study of chromosomes 16 and 23 of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), and estimated their arm lengths in centimorgans. The results for chromosome 23, the only one of the two chromosomes with a documented RFLP map, were consistent with the literature. Similar molecular-meiotic configuration analyses can be used for a wide variety of eukaryotic organisms and purposes: for example, providing far more powerful meiotic comparisons of genomes of chromosomes, and a rapid means of evaluating effects on recombination. Key words : meiotic configurations, chiasma frequencies, in situ hybridization, cotton.

Physical location of terminal markers belonging to five linkage groups in maize RFLP map using in situ hybridization

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-502
Author(s):  
Mao Ninghui ◽  
Song Yunchun ◽  
Liu Lihua ◽  
Hang Chao ◽  
Yan Chunhong
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Physical Location ◽  
Rflp Map

Chromosomal localization of the white gene of Lucilia cuprina (Diptera; Calliphoridae) by in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Bedo ◽  
A. J. Howells
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Chromosomal Localization ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
White Gene ◽  
Lucilia Cuprina ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Cytological Data

The white gene of Lucilia cuprina was mapped to trichogen polytene chromosomes using in situ hybridization. A tritium-labelled riboprobe made from the first gene cloned from this species was used with techniques modified from standard methods used for Drosophila melanogaster. Cytological data limiting the location of the white gene to a small portion of 3L and complementing the in situ results are also presented. Key words: Lucilia cuprina, white gene, in situ hybridization.

scholarly journals Interstitial Telomeric Repeats Are Rare in Turtles

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Clemente ◽  
Sofia Mazzoleni ◽  
Eleonora Pensabene Bellavia ◽  
Barbora Augstenová ◽  
Markus Auer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Karyotype Evolution ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Telomeric Repeats ◽  
Squamate Reptiles ◽  
Nucleoprotein Complexes ◽  
Interstitial Telomeric Repeats ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Genomic Regions

Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes protecting chromosome ends in most eukaryotic organisms. In addition to chromosome ends, telomeric-like motifs can be accumulated in centromeric, pericentromeric and intermediate (i.e., between centromeres and telomeres) positions as so-called interstitial telomeric repeats (ITRs). We mapped the distribution of (TTAGGG)n repeats in the karyotypes of 30 species from nine families of turtles using fluorescence in situ hybridization. All examined species showed the expected terminal topology of telomeric motifs at the edges of chromosomes. We detected ITRs in only five species from three families. Combining our and literature data, we inferred seven independent origins of ITRs among turtles. ITRs occurred in turtles in centromeric positions, often in several chromosomal pairs, in a given species. Their distribution does not correspond directly to interchromosomal rearrangements. Our findings support that centromeres and non-recombining parts of sex chromosomes are very dynamic genomic regions, even in turtles, a group generally thought to be slowly evolving. However, in contrast to squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes), where ITRs were found in more than half of the examined species, and birds, the presence of ITRs is generally rare in turtles, which agrees with the expected low rates of chromosomal rearrangements and rather slow karyotype evolution in this group.

scholarly journals The Sex Chromosomes of Silene latifolia Revisited and Revised

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 935-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Lengerova ◽  
Richard C Moore ◽  
Sarah R Grant ◽  
Boris Vyskot
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Silene Latifolia ◽  
Pseudoautosomal Region ◽  
Dioecious Plant ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
Proper Orientation

Abstract Classical studies have established that, during meiosis, the X and Y chromosomes of the model dioecious plant Silene latifolia pair over a region at the ends of their q arms. We used fluorescence in situ hybridization of two molecular markers to demonstrate that this widely accepted model is incorrect. From these data we conclude that the homologous arm of the X chromosome is the p arm and that of the Y chromosome is the q arm. The establishment of the proper orientation of the pseudoautosomal region is essential for mapping and evolutionary studies.

Amplified extrachromosomal elements containing c-Myc and Pvt 1 in a mouse plasmacytoma

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mai ◽  
J. Hanley-Hyde ◽  
A. Coleman ◽  
D. Siwarski ◽  
K. Huppi
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Mouse Chromosome ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Chromosomal Alterations ◽  
Extrachromosomal Elements

After adaptation of a mouse plasma cell tumor, MOPC265, to culture, we have found several unique chromosomal alterations in addition to the T(12;15) translocation and trisomy 11 frequently observed in plasmacytomas. Among these alterations is a specific coamplification of the c-Myc and Pvt 1 gene loci from mouse chromosome 15. Further analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrates that the amplicons of c-Myc and Pvt 1 exist as extrachromosomal elements as well as within intact chromosomes. Most importantly, the presence of both Pvt 1 and c-Myc in these extrachromosomal elements indicates ongoing coselection for these loci in the propagation of MOPC265.Key words: amplification, c-Myc, Pvt 1, plasmacytoma.

DNA sequence mapping in interphase and metaphase chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
Barbara Trask ◽  
Susan Allen ◽  
Anne Bergmann ◽  
Mari Christensen ◽  
Anne Fertitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Texas Red ◽  
Fluorescent Spot

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the positions of DNA sequences can be discretely marked with a fluorescent spot. The efficiency of marking DNA sequences of the size cloned in cosmids is 90-95%, and the fluorescent spots produced after FISH are ≈0.3 μm in diameter. Sites of two sequences can be distinguished using two-color FISH. Different reporter molecules, such as biotin or digoxigenin, are incorporated into DNA sequence probes by nick translation. These reporter molecules are labeled after hybridization with different fluorochromes, e.g., FITC and Texas Red. The development of dual band pass filters (Chromatechnology) allows these fluorochromes to be photographed simultaneously without registration shift.

Ultrastructural analysis of the spatial distribution of MRNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-553
Author(s):  
Gary Bassell ◽  
Robert H. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Nucleotide Analogs ◽  
Gold Particles

We have been investigating the spatial distribution of nucleic acids intracellularly using in situ hybridization. The use of non-isotopic nucleotide analogs incorporated into the DNA probe allows the detection of the probe at its site of hybridization within the cell. This approach therefore is compatible with the high resolution available by electron microscopy. Biotinated or digoxigenated probe can be detected by antibodies conjugated to colloidal gold. Because mRNA serves as a template for the probe fragments, the colloidal gold particles are detected as arrays which allow it to be unequivocally distinguished from background.

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