The origin, identification, and plant morphology of five rice monosomics

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. X. Wang ◽  
N. Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Origin Identification ◽  
Key Words Rice

Five different monosomics of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were obtained by treatment of pollen with gamma irradiation, as a by-product of attempts to determine the cytological loci of certain marker genes, i.e., mature pollen carrying normal alleles at all loci was given gamma rays and used for pollinating strains that were homozygous for recessive marker genes. The monosomics showed distinguishable morphological features and had complete seed sterility. Cytological studies revealed that one monosomic was tertiary, the others primary. The tertiary monosomic was related to chromosome 10. Two primary monosomics for chromosomes 10 and 11 were identified. At metaphase I, the tertiary monosomic showed the chromosome configurations 1 III + 10 II, 11 II + 1 I, and 10 II + 3 I, and all primary ones showed the configuration 11 II + 1 I. All five monosomics showed very poor crossing ability and were not transmitted to the few progenies observed. A few trisomic plants were found in the progenies of a cross between monosomic and normal pollen in one monosomic. This is the first time that many monosomics in rice have been characterized. This information will be useful in studies of rice aneuploidy and cytogenetics. Key words : rice, monosomics, morphology, cytology, transmission, trisomics.

Characterization of four induced chromosome deficiencies in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. X. Wang ◽  
N. Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Genome ◽  
Rice Chromosome ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Chromosome Configuration ◽  
Key Words Rice

Four rice (Oryza sativa L.) deficiencies, involving chromosomes 4 (Df4), 8 (Df8), and 11 (Df11-1, Df11-2), were studied. The deficiencies were induced by means of the pseudodominance technique, i.e., strains carrying one or more recessive marker genes were fertilized with irradiated pollen of a strain carrying normal alleles at corresponding loci. No characteristic morphological features were found in the deficiencies, as compared with the normal F1 plants in the progeny. The deficiencies showed high or complete seed sterility. Genetic and cytological studies indicated deficiencies in chromosomes 4, 8, and 11. The fragment chromosomes in Df4, Df8, and Df11-2 were short, possibly being derived from the heterochromatin regions of the chromosomes, including kinetochores, and the fragment chromosome in Df11-1 was long, with about 75% of the long arm missing. At metaphase I, Df4, Df8, and Df11-2 showed only the chromosome configuration of 11 II (bivalents) + 2I (univalents), and Df11-1 only that of 12 II. It seems that the short fragments tend to stay as univalents in meiosis, probably because of their shortness. On the other hand, long fragments act as normal chromosomes and associate with their homologues. The deficiencies were not transmitted to the progenies, although only a few offspring were examined. By using the induced deficiencies Df4 and Df11-1, two morphological marker genes, lg (liguleless) and la (lazy growth habit), were located on the long arm of chromosomes 4 and 11, respectively. This is the first report in rice utilizing induced chromosome deficiencies to locate a gene on a specific arm of a chromosome. The use of induced deficiencies for studying the structure of the rice genome is discussed. Key words : rice, chromosome, deficiencies, cytology, transmission.

scholarly journals Effects of Low Dose Gamma-irradiation on Alleviation of Salt Stress in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seedling

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Myung-Hwa Baek ◽  
Jin-Hong Kim ◽  
Seung-Gon Wi ◽  
In-Jung Lee ◽  
Kyu-Seong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Oryza Sativa L

scholarly journals Comparison of radiosensitivity of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties to gamma rays and electron beam in M1 generation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
R. Gowthami ◽  
C. Vanniarajan ◽  
J. Souframanien ◽  
M. Arumugam Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Oryza Sativa L

scholarly journals Agro-morphological response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (cv MR 284) to chronic gamma irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 756 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
N A Hasan ◽  
M Y Rafii ◽  
A R Harun ◽  
F Ahmad ◽  
N N Jaafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Morphological Response

scholarly journals The Rice Plant Bearing Endospermless Grains:A Novel Mutant Induced by Gamma-irradiation of Tetraploid Rice(Oryza sativa L.).

1991 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi KAGEYAMA ◽  
Hiroyuki FUKUOKA ◽  
Koji YAMAMOTO ◽  
Genkichi TAKEDA
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Oryza Sativa L

scholarly journals Characterization of histone modifications associated with DNA damage repair genes upon exposure to gamma rays in Arabidopsis seedlings

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvendu Mondal ◽  
Young Sam Go ◽  
Seung Sik Lee ◽  
Byung Yeoup Chung ◽  
Jin-Hong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Chromatin Modification ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Transcription Start Sites

Abstract Dynamic histone modifications play an important role in controlling gene expression in response to various environmental cues. This mechanism of regulation of gene expression is important for sessile organisms, like land plants. We have previously reported consistent upregulation of various marker genes in response to gamma rays at various post-irradiation times. In the present study, we performed various chromatin modification analyses at selected loci using the standard chromatin immunoprecipitation procedure, and demonstrate that upregulation of these genes is associated with histone H3 lysine 4 tri-methylation (H3K4me3) at the gene body or transcription start sites of these loci. Further, at specific AtAgo2 loci, both H3K4me3 and histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) are important in controlling gene expression in response to gamma irradiation. There was no change in DNA methylation in these selected loci. We conclude that specific histone modification such as H3K4me3 and H3K9ac may be more important in activating gene expression in these selected loci in response to gamma irradiation than a change in DNA methylation.

scholarly journals Bacteriophage Lambda Genomic Library Construction of Oryza sativa L. var. Pokkali

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Suhaila Rahman ◽  
Masa-aki Ohto ◽  
Zeba I. Seraj ◽  
Eduardo Blumwald
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Major Qtl ◽  
Key Words Rice

A major QTL called ‘Saltol’ on rice chromosome 1 has been identified as linked to salinity tolerance traits of the landrace, Pokkali. A genomic library of Pokkali rice variety was constructed in bacteriophage Lamda Fix II with 20 kb inserts. Plaques containing genes implicated to salt tolerance have been identified using probes homologous to S-Ad methionine synthetase (SAM) and cation chloride co-transporter after two rounds of hybridization. Clearly demarcated plaques of the two clones of interest have been lifted out for DNA isolation and subsequent characterization to be followed by subcloning into TAC vectors for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of large genomic fragments into sensitive rice.  Key words: Rice, Pokkali, Genomic library, Lambda vector, Partial Fill-In, Titer  D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v17i2.3235 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 17(2): 149-159, 2007 (December)

scholarly journals PRIMARY TRISOMICS OF RICE: ORIGIN, MORPHOLOGY, CYTOLOGY AND USE IN LINKAGE MAPPING

Genetics ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-163
Author(s):  
G S Khush ◽  
R J Singh ◽  
S C Sur ◽  
A L Librojo
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Extra Chromosome ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Primary Trisomics ◽  
Genetic Segregation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distinguishing Features

ABSTRACT Twelve primary trisomics of Oryza sativa L. were isolated from the progenies of spontaneous triploids and were transferred by backcrossing to the genetic background of IR36, a widely grown high yielding rice variety. Eleven trisomics can be identified morphologically from one another and from diploids. However, triplo 11 is difficult to distinguish from diploid sibs.—The extra chromosome of each trisomic was identified cytologically at pachytene stage of meiosis, and the chromosomes were numbered according to their length at this stage. The major distinguishing features of each pachytene chromosome were redescribed.—The female transmission rates varied from 15.5% for triplo 1, the longest chromosome, to 43.9% for triplo 12, the shortest chromosome. Seven of the 12 primary trisomics transmitted the extra chromosome through the male. The low level of chromosomal imbalance tolerated by rice and other evidence are interpreted to indicate that this species is a basic diploid.—Genetic segregation for 22 marker genes in the trisomic progenies was studied. Of a possible 264 combinations, involving 22 genes and 12 trisomics, 120 were examined. Marker genes for each of the 12 chromosomes were identified. The results helped establish associations between linkage groups and cytologically identifiable chromosomes of rice for the first time. Relationships between various systems of numbering chromosomes, trisomics, linkage groups and marker genes are described, and a revised linkage map of rice is presented.

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