Expression of the cold-induced wheat gene Wcs120 and its homologs in related species and interspecific combinations

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Limin ◽  
D. B. Fowler ◽  
M. Houde ◽  
L. P. Chauvin ◽  
F. Sarhan
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure ◽  
Wheat Parent

Low-temperature response was measured at the whole plant and at the molecular level in wheat–rye amphiploids and in other interspecific combinations. Cold tolerance of interspecifics whose parents diverged widely in hardiness levels resembled the less hardy higher ploidy level wheat parent. Expression of the low-temperature induced Wcs120 gene of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) has been associated with freezing tolerance and was used here to study mRNA and protein accumulation in interspecific and parental lines during cold acclimation. Northern and Western analyses showed that homologous mRNAs and proteins were present in all the related species used in the experiments. Cold-tolerant rye (Secale cereale L.) produced a strong mRNA signal that was sustained throughout the entire 49-day cold-acclimation period. The wheats produced a mRNA signal that had diminished after 49 days of low-temperature exposure. The wheat–rye triticales did not exhibit the independent accumulation kinetics of the cold-tolerant rye parent but, rather, more closely resembled the wheat parent in that the mRNA signal was greatly diminished after 49 days of low-temperature exposure. The influence of the rye genome was manifest in slightly greater mRNA and protein accumulation in earlier stages of acclimation. Protein accumulations in the triticales were also maintained to a somewhat greater extent than found in the wheats at the end of the 49-day acclimation period. Protein accumulations in the wheat-crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertner) interspecific resembled that of the wheat parent. The influence of the higher ploidy level wheats of the expression of homologous gene families from wheat-related hardy diploids in interspecific combinations may in part explain the poor cold tolerance observed.Key words: cold tolerance, transcription, protein accumulation, alien gene expression, Triticeae.

scholarly journals Duration of Low Temperature Exposure Affects Egg Hatching of the Colorado Potato Beetle and Emergence of Overwintering Adults

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Jianghua Liao ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Zhijian Guan ◽  
Chao Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

The Colorado potato beetle is a serious pest of Solanaceae in China. In early summer, cold spells in later spring may occur for brief periods in the field environmental conditions, and temperatures often deviate far below the normal temperature for short periods, such as sudden short-term low temperature, may affect the development of Colorado potato beetle eggs. This paper studies the effects of low temperature stress at 8 °C for 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, and 10 d on the development of Colorado potato beetle eggs. Our results show that egg survival is significantly affected by short-term low temperature exposure. The percentage of eggs hatched is significantly affected by different treatment times (p = 0.000)—the percentage of eggs hatched decreases with increased treatment time, and Colorado potato beetles will extend the wintering time of their soil to resist the effects of lower temperatures. Thus, exposure of Colorado potato beetles to a short-term low temperature affects their emergence and population growth; this study could provide information for the occurrence, monitoring, and early warning of Colorado potato beetle during short-term temperature.

scholarly journals Identification of cold stress responsive microRNAs in cold tolerant and susceptible Hemerocallis fulva by high throughput sequencing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changbing Huang ◽  
Chun Jiang ◽  
limin Jin ◽  
Huanchao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas ◽  
Cold Tolerant

Abstract Background:Hemerocallis fulva is a perennial herb belonging to Hemerocallis of Hemerocallis. Because of the large and bright colors, it is often used as a garden ornamental plant. But most varieties of H. fulva on the market will wither in winter, which will affect their beauty. It is very important to study the effect of low temperature stress on the physiological indexes of H. fulva and understand the cold tolerance of different H. fulva. MiRNA is a kind of endogenous non coding small molecular RNA with length of 21-24nt. It mainly inhibits protein translation by cutting target genes, and plays an important role in the development of organisms, gene expression and biological stress. Low temperature is the main abiotic stress affecting the production of H. fulva in China, which hinders the growth and development of plants. A comprehensive understanding of the expression pattern of microRNA in H. fulva under low temperature stress can improve our understanding of microRNA mediated stress response. Although there are many studies on miRNAs of various plants under cold stress at home and abroad, there are few studies on miRNAs related to cold stress of H. fulva. It is of great significance to explore the cold stress resistant gene resources of H. fulva, especially the identification and functional research of miRNA closely related to cold stress, for the breeding of excellent H. fulva.Results A total of 5619 cold-responsive miRNAs, 315 putative novel and 5 304 conserved miRNAs, were identified from the leaves and roots of two different varieties ‘Jinyan’ (cold-tolerant) and ‘Lucretius ’ (cold-sensitive), which were stressed under -4 oC for 24 h. Twelve conserved and three novel miRNAs (novel-miR10, novel-miR19 and novel-miR48) were differentially expressed in leaves of ‘Jinyan’ under cold stress. Novel-miR19, novel-miR29 and novel-miR30 were up-regulated in roots of ‘Jinyan’ under cold stress. Thirteen and two conserved miRNAs were deferentially expressed in leaves and roots of ‘Lucretius’ after cold stress. The deferentially expressed miRNAs between two cultivars under cold stress include novel miRNAs and the members of the miR156, miR166 and miR319 families. A total of 6 598 target genes for 6 516 known miRNAs and 82 novel miRNAs were predicted by bioinformatic analysis, mainly involved in metabolic processes and stress responses. Ten differentially expressed miRNAs and predicted target genes were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR(q-PCR), and the expressional changes of target genes were negatively correlated to differentially expressed miRNAs. Our data indicated that some candidate miRNAs (e.g., miR156a-3-p, miR319a, and novel-miR19) may play important roles in plant response to cold stress.Conclusions Our study indicates that some putative target genes and miRNA mediated metabolic processes and stress responses are significant to cold tolerance in H. fulva.

scholarly journals Study of low-temperature exposure on biotissue using an elongated cryoapplicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
A V Pushkarev ◽  
N A Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Tissue ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

Abstract The article presents the results of a study of low-temperature exposure on animal biological tissue using the novel prototype of a liquid nitrogen cryoapplicator. The data obtained are compared with the cryoapplicator characteristics cooled by nitrogen dioxide that are currently used for the atrial fibrillation treatment. Data analysis confirmed the liquid nitrogen cryoapplicators effectiveness and made it possible to highlight their advantages.

Importance of anther dehiscence for low-temperature tolerance in rice at the young microspore and flowering stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuziana Susanti ◽  
Peter Snell ◽  
Shu Fukai ◽  
Jaquie H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

Low temperature, particularly during the reproductive stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.), leads to reduced fertility and yield and is a major constraint faced in temperate rice ecology. The floral trait anther dehiscence length has not been quantified in relation to low-temperature tolerance in rice. Two controlled-temperature glasshouse experiments evaluated 120 genotypes from BC1F6 recombinant inbred lines when exposed to low air temperature at the booting (young microspore) and flowering stages. Genotypic differences existed for spikelet sterility (SS) after low-temperature exposure at booting and flowering stages, and a significant positive correlation (R2=0.22**) was found between SS of individual genotypes at booting and flowering stages. Number of dehisced anthers had the highest correlation with SS, and accounted for 58% and 44% of variation in SS with exposure to low temperature at booting and flowering, respectively. Anther dehiscence length and number of dehisced anthers were highly correlated (r=0.90**). After low-temperature exposure at booting, pollen number in the anther as well as the pollen’s capacity to germinate effectively further differentiated low-temperature-tolerant and -susceptible genotypes. Positive relationships (r=0.56** and 0.46*) between SS in the glasshouse and in field experiments in 2015 and 2016 seasons, respectively, provided validation of the phenotypic glasshouse screening methods utilised for low-temperature tolerance in relation to target production environments. This repeatable phenotyping system in combination with improved understanding of underlying floral traits will lead to increased efficiency in breeding for low-temperature tolerance in rice.

A novel α-amylase gene is transiently upregulated during low temperature exposure in apple fruit

2000 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Wegrzyn ◽  
Katrina Reilly ◽  
Guido Cipriani ◽  
Peter Murphy ◽  
Richard Newcomb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Amylase Gene ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

How to effectively manage production facility low-temperature exposure risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Jim Bonini
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Facility Design ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

A significant risk with any oil and gas production facility is equipment exposure to low temperature fluids, which can lead to brittle fracture, loss of hydrocarbon containment and ignition, with potential consequences including multiple fatalities, major asset damage, production deferment and profound operator reputational harm. Due to the nature of the initiating low-temperature events, which often occur as a result of a sequence of control system, hardware or operational failures, these issues are not always adequately addressed in facility design and operation, which can lead to unacceptable and potentially unacknowledged asset risk exposure. This is especially true in a cost-constrained environment where economic and schedule pressures can drive a leaner approach whereby, for example, traditional design margins are challenged. Drawing on S2V Consulting’s extensive expertise in this area, this technical paper outlines examples of typical low-temperature exposure mechanisms and key facility risk areas. It highlights why there can be failures in mitigating these risks, both during initial facility design and throughout subsequent operating phase evolution, discusses analytical methods or tools and highlights potential mitigation measures. A structured evaluation process developed by S2V Consulting is presented that can be adopted to effectively safeguard facilities by ensuring these risks are identified, screened, prioritised and managed to ALARP (as low as reasonably practicable). Finally, case studies are presented to provide context to the issue and demonstrate the effective application of the evaluation process to several current Australian production facilities.

scholarly journals Association between Exposure to Extreme Temperature and Injury at the Workplace

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 4955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhyeong Lee ◽  
Wanhyung Lee ◽  
Won-Jun Choi ◽  
Seong-Kyu Kang ◽  
Seunghon Ham
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Occupational Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

Exposure to extreme temperature is a critical occupational risk factor. This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to extreme temperatures and injury at the workplace using data from 92,238 workers (46,175 male and 46,063 female) from the 2014 and 2017 Korean Working Condition Survey. Exposure to extremely high or low temperatures, injury experiences, and personal protective equipment (PPE) wearing behavior were investigated using a questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between exposure to extreme temperature and injury experience. The association between injury experience and PPE wearing behavior was analyzed for each exposure group. After adjusting for individual and occupational factors, the odds ratios (ORs) for injury experience were 2.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.78–2.38) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.44–1.85) in both high and low temperature exposure groups, respectively, and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.15–1.83) for those not wearing PPE when exposed to high temperature. There was no significant association shown with wearing PPE and injury experience in the low temperature exposure group. Exposure to extreme temperature tended to increase the risk of injury, and was higher in workers not wearing PPE in high temperature. PPE that can be worn comfortably in high temperature is needed to prevent occupational injury.

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