Genetics of Glossina palpalis palpalis: designation of linkage groups and the mapping of eight biochemical and visible marker genes

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Recombination Frequency ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Glossina Palpalis Palpalis ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
Octanol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

The loci for three enzymes (hexokinase, phosphoglucomutase, and testicular esterase) and two eye-color mutants (brick and tan) are mapped on the X chromosome of Glossina palpalis palpalis. The loci occur in the order brick Hex (tan/Pgm) Est-t, with a recombination frequency of approximately 78% between the outer two loci. The locus for octanol dehydrogenase is located in linkage group II and the loci for malate dehydrogenase and phosphoglucose isomerase are separated by a recombination frequency of about 42.5% in linkage group III. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs at a much lower frequency in males than in females. The distribution of five biochemical marker genes in the linkage groups of G. p. palpalis is markedly different from that found in other higher flies.Key words: tsetse, Glossina palpalis palpalis, linkage map.

GENETICS OF GLOSSINA MORSITANS MORSITANS (DIPTERA: GLOSSINIDAE). V. DEFINITION AND PRELIMINARY MAPPING OF LINKAGE GROUPS I AND II

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Group I ◽  
Octanol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Differential Part

Linkage group I is defined as the loci on the differential part of the X-chromosome of adult Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. Three loci are known and their order on the X-chromosome has been demonstrated as ocra (body color), salmon (eye color), and Apk (arginine phosphokinase, E.C. 2.7.3.3) with 38 map units separating the first two loci and 32 to 41 separating the second two. This region of the X-chromosome does not contain the chromosomal inversion known to occur in the Handeni line of G. m. morsitans. Linkage group II is defined as the autosome carrying the locus Xo (xanthine oxidase, E.C. 1.2.3.2), and it is demonstrated to carry also the loci Ao (aldehyde oxidase, E.C. 1.2.3.1) and Odh (octanol dehydrogenase, E.C. 1.1.1.73). Ao and Odh are within 0.36 map units of each other and have not been separated by recombination; this pair of loci occur about 48 map units from Xo. During mapping experiments, no evidence for genetical recombination was found in male G. m. morsitans.

scholarly journals Correlation of the physical and genetic maps of the centromeric region of the right arm of linkage group III of Neurospora crassa.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 1297-1306
Author(s):  
C R Davis ◽  
R R Kempainen ◽  
M S Srodes ◽  
C R McClung
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Recombination Frequency ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Sib Selection ◽  
The Right

Abstract We have cloned three linked genes serine-1 (ser-1), proline-1 (pro-1) and acetate-2 (ace-2) that lie near the centromere on the right arm of linkage group III (LGIIIR) of Neurospora crassa. The ser-1 gene was cloned by sib selection. A chromosomal walk that spans 205 kilobases (kb) was initiated from ser-1. Complementation analysis with clones isolated during the walk allowed identification of the pro-1 and ace-2 genes. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis has confirmed the localization of ser-1, pro-1 and ace-2 to the centromeric region of LGIIIR. Genetically, we measured 1% recombination between ser-1 and pro-1 and 2% recombination between pro-1 and ace-2. Physical distances for these intervals were 114 kb from ser-1 to pro-1 and 36 kb from pro-1 to ace-2. Thus, for the pro-1 to ace-2 interval we calculate a physical/genetic correlation of 18 kb/map unit (mu) whereas, in the immediately adjacent, centromere-proximal interval from ser-1 to pro-1, we calculate 114 kb/mu. This provides evidence for a centromere effect, a decrease in recombination frequency as one approaches the centromere.

A CROSSOVER SUPPRESSOR-ENHANCER SYSTEM IN THE MOSQUITO AEDES AEGYPTI

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish C. Bhalla
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Reciprocal Translocation ◽  
Paracentric Inversion ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Partial Sterility ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Inversion

A small reciprocal translocation T(1;2)1 involving chromosomes 1 and 2 and a paracentric inversion In(1)3 on m chromosome (1) of A. aegypti interact to give peculiar but consistent crossover values. The system is termed COSES and is associated with partial sterility. In females it suppresses crossing over tremendously to the right of bz and enhances crossing over to its left. In the males it enhances crossing over to the right of m (only 3 crossover units away from bz) hut the region to its left remains unaffected. COSES also displays interchromosomal effects by enhancing crossing over in linkage group III. Cytological and genetic evidence for the presence of translocation and inversion are presented. All three pairs of chromosomes are correlated to the three linkage groups.

Linkage analysis of open bud (ob2) and yellow petal (Y1) in cotton

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Endrizzi ◽  
D. T. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Recombination Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Chromosome 18 ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Yellow Petal ◽  
Dominant Genes ◽  
Recombination Percentage

In allotetraploid Gossypium species yellow petal is controlled by duplicate dominant genes Y1 (Ah genome) and Y2 (Dh genome), and open bud is controlled by duplicate recessive genes designated ob1 (Dh genome) and ob2 (Ah genome). Y2 and ob1 have been shown previously to be linked on chromosome 18 and 11.5 map units (MU) apart. In this study ob2 and Y1 were transferred from Gossypium darwinii (Watt) accession CB3099 into Gossypium hirsutum L. and found to have a mean recombination percentage of 3.14 for backcross and 3.40 for self-pollinated families from 2n parental heterozygotes and 10.73 in families from mono-18 parental heterozygotes. The lower recombination frequency in the homoeologous linkage group was perhaps due to this chromosome segment being transferred from G. darwinii. The higher frequency of recombination in the monosomic progeny families suggests that the absence of recombination in one homoeologue (chromosome 18) is compensated for by an increase in recombination in the other homoeologue.Key words: cotton, G. hirsutum L., homoeologous linkage groups, genetic markers.

scholarly journals Regular responses to selection 3. Interaction between located polygenes

1966 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Spickett ◽  
J. M. Thoday
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Directional Selection ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Number Lines ◽  
Individual Effects ◽  
Chromosome Ii

1. This paper describes further investigations of the high sternopleural chaeta-number lines of Drosophila melanogaster established by directional selection by Thoday & Boam (Genet. Res. 2, 161). The lines are vg 4 with a mean of 35·6 and vg 6 with a mean of 39·2 chaetae per fly.2. Two locatable polygenes, 3a and 3b, distinguish the line third chromosomes from those of Oregon inbred (mean about 20·5, an ancestor of all the lines). These two genes are both located between the markers h and eyg and do not interact.3. There is one locatable polygene at 41·1 ± 1·7 centiMorgans distinguishing the line second chromosomes from those of Oregon. There is no evidence that this gene is a linked complex, and, if it be a linked complex, it is unlikely to occupy more than 2 map units of the second linkage group. It interacts strongly and positively with the gene 3a.4. These three genes account for 80% of the genetic variance of the vg 4 × Oregon F2.5. Two separate regions at 2·4 ± 0·5 and 50·5 ± 0·9 centiMorgans distinguish the vg 6 × chromosome from that of Oregon. They do not appear to interact. Together they interact strongly and positively with gene 3a.6. These five genes account for 87·5% of the chaeta-number difference between vg 6 and Oregon.7. The locatable polygenes on chromosomes II and III each have qualitatively distinguishable developmental effects.8. It is pointed out that, though the genetics of these lines may be unusually simple, the results indicate that attempts to locate specific genes and study their individual effects should be made more often by students of continuous variation. Since the location of the polygene in chromosome II was done using marker genes 45 map units apart, such studies may be practicable even in species whose linkage groups are much less well marked than those of Drosophila melanogaster.

Variation in the pteridine content in the heads of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae: Glossina Wiedemann): evidence for genetic control

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Mclntyre ◽  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

The pteridine content of the head capsule of teneral flies from 11 genetically selected lines (including eye-color mutants) of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and Glossina palpalis palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy was examined using fluorescence spectroscopy. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had a greater pteridine content than did wild-type G. m. morsitans. Within G. m. morsitans there was a 25% variation in fluorescence values between genetic lines. Wild-type G. p. palpalis had the same pteridine content as brick mutants but more than tan mutants; in G. m. morsitans the salmon mutants had a higher pteridine content than did wild-type flies. Pteridine content did not account for the difference in eye color between male and female brick mutants. Accumulation of pteridines was not influenced by genotype in young flies, but in older flies salmon mutants accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did wild-type flies. Young flies, both wild type and salmon, accumulated pteridines more rapidly than did old flies. The results of the analysis of head capsule fluorescence in males from the parental lines and F1 and F2 generations of reciprocal crosses of the G. m. morsitans lines with the highest and lowest pteridine contents revealed that genetic control of pteridine content lies on the X chromosome and on one autosome.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of an unequal chromosomal translocation in Aspergillus nidulans

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Bainbridge
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Chromosomal Translocation ◽  
Group Viii ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Attachment Point ◽  
Breakage Point

SUMMARYTranslocation T(III–VIII) in Aspergillus nidulans has been analysed by the detection of meiotic linkage between markers previously located separately on linkage groups III and VIII. The breakage points have been mapped by the detection of linkage between the crinkled type and genetic markers in the region of the break. A segment from linkage group III, approximately 43 units long and including the markers moC96, sC12, sA1 and cnxH3, has been translocated into linkage group VIII. The breakage point is between su6proA and moC96 and the attachment point is close to cha in linkage group VIII. It seems probable that the segment has been inserted into linkage group VIII.

Genetic analysis of hybrid sterility in crosses of the tsetse flies Glossina palpalis palpalis and Glossina palpalis gambiensis (Diptera: Glossinidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1109-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Gooding
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Glossina Palpalis Palpalis ◽  
Hybrid Male ◽  
Hybrid Male Sterility ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

Reciprocal crosses of Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank and Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) were carried out using flies that had four marker genes on the X chromosome, two in linkage group II and one in linkage group III: The results of the reciprocal crosses conformed to Haldane's rule: F1 males were sterile and most F1 females were fertile. F1 females mated to G. p. gambiensis were more likely to be fertilized than females that were mated to G. p. palpalis. In three of the four experiments, the fertility of backcross females was not significantly different from that of F1 females, and there was little evidence that specific chromosomal combinations influenced the fertility of backcross females. Intrachromosomal recombination was lower in hybrid females than in G. p. palpalis. The major genetic factor associated with sterility among backcross males was the presence of sex chromosomes from two subspecies; a minor factor was the number of heterozygous autosomes, but interactions between sex chromosomes and autosomes from different taxa did not contribute to hybrid male sterility. Evidence is presented that a major factor causing hybrid male sterility lies between the loci tan (an eye color) and Est-t (testicular esterase) on the X chromosome. The use of differences between the fertility of males produced by backcrossing F1 females to the two parental subspecies as indicators that other X chromosome loci have a role in hybrid sterility is discussed.

scholarly journals CHROMOSOME REARRANGEMENTS IN DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-723
Author(s):  
Dennis L Welker ◽  
Birgit A Metz ◽  
Keith L Williams
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Tandem Duplication ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Radiation Resistant ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Multiple Recombination

ABSTRACT A tandem duplication (D350(III,III)) of the whiB to radB interval of linkage group III has been characterized. The gene order on the duplication-bearing chromosome is: centromere, whiB500, radB+, whiB+, radB24, bsgA5, acrC4. Slow-growing, duplication-bearing strains (yellow-spored, radiation-resistant) produced four classes of faster growing sectors involving the whiB and radB loci: white-spored, radiation-sensitive (whiB500, radB24); white-spored, radiation-resistant (whiB500, radB+); yellow-spored, radiation-sensitive (whiB+, radB24); and yellow-spored, radiation-resistant. The first three classes can be explained as the products of single recombination events in which one copy of the whiB to radB interval was lost. The yellow-spored, radiation-resistant sectors probably arose by mutation elsewhere in the genome, but alternatively may represent multiple recombination events or deletion of part of one copy of the duplicated region. Loss of the duplicated segment was enhanced by irradiation with ultraviolet light (254 nm). Heterozygosity for a DNA repair mutation at the radB locus may have been involved in the formation of the duplication. It is proposed that translocations are a major cause of nonrandom segregation patterns such as the cosegregation of unlinked markers in Dictyostelium discoideum. Translocations involving all known linkage groups are tabulated and DNA damage by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine is implicated in the formation of translocations in D. discoideum.

An eye color mutant (tan) in the tsetse fly, Glossina palpalis palpalis (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D'Haeseleer ◽  
J. van den Abbeele ◽  
R. H. Gooding ◽  
B. M. Rolseth ◽  
A. Van der Vloedt
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Glossina Palpalis Palpalis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Mutant ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

A nondeleterious eye color mutant, tan, is described as the first visible mutant in Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy). The locus for tan is on the X chromosome approximately 24 recombination units from the locus for testicular esterase (Est-t). Homozygous (tan/tan) females and hemizygous (tan/Y) males have compound eyes and ocelli that are pink (instead of dark brown) while the flies are alive but these fade to a tan color after death. No other differences in physical appearance of flies were found. General bionomic features of tan flies are not significantly different from those of wild-type flies. The mutant flies have a lower propensity for mating than do wild-type flies in the laboratory and there is assortative mating. Approximately half the offspring produced by tan females, which had mated twice, are sired by the second mate. Wild-type and tan adults excrete kynurenine and both types have tryptophan oxygenase and kynurenine formamidase. The lesion causing the abnormal eye color in the tan mutant appears to occur late in the metabolism of tryptophan to xanthommatin, possibly at the level of retention of xanthommatin in the eyes. Key words: eye color mutant, Glossina.

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