Rf genes restore fertility in wheat lines with cytoplasms of Elymus trachycaulus and E. ciliaris

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiming Jiang ◽  
W. John Raupp ◽  
Bikram S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Chromosome Constitution ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Elymus Trachycaulus ◽  
Monosomic Additions ◽  
Alloplasmic Wheat ◽  
Disomic Addition Lines ◽  
Wheat Lines

Alloplasmic euploid wheat lines with the cytoplasm of Elymus trachycaulus (2n = 4x = 28, StStHtHt) and Elymus ciliaris (2n = 4x = 28, ScScYcYc) are male sterile and have reduced vigor. Fertile alloplasmic wheat plants are also recovered, but they always contain complete or partial chromosome additions of 1Ht or 1St (in E. trachycaulus derived lines) or 1Yc (in E. ciliaris derived lines) with specific Elymus gliadin genes (Gli-Ht1, Gli-St1, Gli-Yc1) and fertility restoration (Rf) genes. The Rf genes on 1Ht 1St and 1Yc were named as Rf-Ht1, Rf-St1, and Rf-Yc1, respectively. In this study, we crossed different disomic addition lines with one another to produce double monosomic additions either in E. trachycaulus or E. ciliaris cytoplasm. The chromosome constitution, transmission, and fertility of the selfed and backcrossed progenies of three double monosomic additions with 21″ + 3BS∙1YcS′ + 1HtS∙1HtS′ (cytoplasm from E. trachycaulus), 21″ + 3BS∙1YcS′ + 1HtS∙1HtS′ (cytoplasm from E. ciliaris), and 21″ + 3BS∙1YcS′ + 7AL∙S-1StS′ (cytoplasm from E. ciliaris) were analyzed. The results indicated that (i) Rf-Ht1 and Rf-St1 on 1Ht and 1St restored fertility to wheat with E. ciliaris cytoplasm; (ii) Rf-Yc1 on 1Yc restored fertility to wheat with E. trachycaulus cytoplasm; (iii) cytoplasms of E. ciliaris and E. trachycaulus are closely related; and (iv) certain E. trachycaulus and E. ciliaris chromosomes show preferential transmission.Key words: Elymus, Rf genes, wheat–Elymus hybrids, cytoplasmic genetics, genome evolution.

DEVELOPMENT OF D-GENOME DISOMIC ADDITION LINES OF DURUM WHEAT

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Joppa ◽  
F. H. McNeal
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Disomic Addition Lines

Seven lines of 'Chinese Spring' (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), each tetrasomic for one of the D-genome chromosomes, were crossed to 'Wells' and to 'Lakota' durum (T. durum Desf.). Nearly all F1 plants had 15 pairs plus six univalents, as expected.The D-genome disomic addition lines 1D, 3D, 4D, 5D and 6D were obtained in the F3. The 1D, 3D and 6D disomic addition lines proved to be male-sterile. The 4D and 5D disomic addition lines had stable chromosome numbers, were partially male-fertile and could be maintained by selfing. The 2D and 7D disomic addition lines were not obtained.

Isolation of Ht genome chromosome additions from polyploid Elymus trachycaulus (StStHtHt) into common wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay L. D. Morris ◽  
W. John Raupp ◽  
Bikram S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Genome Chromosome ◽  
Elymus Trachycaulus ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines ◽  
Nucleocytoplasmic Interactions

A combination of cytological and biochemical methods were used to isolate and identify six Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' – Elymus trachycaulus (= Agropyron trachycaulum, 2n = 28, genomes StStHtHt) Ht genome disomic and ditelosomic chromosome addition lines. Protein and morphological markers indicated that Elymus chromosomes 1Ht, 1Htp, 5Ht, 6Ht, 7Ht, and 7Htp have been added to the wheat genome. Two alloplasmic addition lines, 1Ht and 1Htp, were determined to have favorable nucleocytoplasmic interactions by the presence of vegetative vigor and fertility restoration. The gene(s) for vigor and fertility restoration were located on the short arm of 1Ht. The Elymus chromosomes of each line were found to affect plant morphology and fertility, with the exception of disomic addition 6Ht, which appeared similar to 'Chinese Spring'. Phenotypic differences between each line may be attributed to the expression of genes from specific Elymus chromosomes, the cumulative dosage of homoeoalleles, or nucleocytoplasmic interactions. These morphological traits, in combination with biochemical markers, provide evidence of the gene synteny relationships between the Elymus and Triticum species. Knowledge of the homoeologous relationships among wheat and Elymus chromosomes may be useful for the eventual transfer of disease-resistance genes from Elymus to wheat.Key words: Elymus, wheat, addition line, polyploidy.

scholarly journals Mutator-Induced Mutations of the rf1 Nuclear Fertility Restorer of T-Cytoplasm Maize Alter the Accumulation of T-urfl3 Mitochondrial Transcripts

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1383-1394
Author(s):  
Roger P Wise ◽  
Carren L Dill ◽  
Patrick S Schnable
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Mitochondrial Transcripts ◽  
Ecori Restriction ◽  
Fertility Restorer Genes

Abstract Dominant alleles of the rf1 and rf2 nuclear-encoded fertility restorer genes are necessary for restoration of pollen fertility in T-cytoplasm maize. To further characterize fertility restoration mediated by the Rf1 allele, 123,500 gametes derived from plants carrying the Mutator transposable element family were screened for rf1-mutant alleles (rf1-m) Four heritable rf1-m alleles were recovered from these populations. Three rf1-m alleles were derived from the progenitor allele Rf1-IAl53 and one was derived from Rf1-Ky21. Cosegregation analysis revealed 5.5- and 2.4kb Mu1-hybridizing EcoRI restriction fragments in all of the male-sterile and none of the male-fertile plants in families segregating for rf1-m3207 and rf1-m3310, respectively. Mitochondrial RNA gel blot analyses indicated that all four rf1-m alleles in male-sterile plants cosegregated with the altered steady-state accumulation of 1.6 and O.6-kb T-urf13 transcripts, demonstrating that these transcripts are Rf1 dependent. Plants carrying a leaky mutant, rf1-m7323, revealed variable levels of Rf1-associated, T-urf13 transcripts and the degree of pollen fertility. The ability to obtain rf1-m derivatives from Rf1 indicates that Rf1 alleles produce a functional gene product necessary for the accumulation of specific T-urf13 transcripts in T-cytoplasm maize.

scholarly journals Cosegregation of Single Genes Associated with Fertility Restoration and Transcript Processing of Sorghum Mitochondrial orf107 and urf209

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang V Tang ◽  
Ruying Chang ◽  
Daryl R Pring
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Transcript Processing ◽  
Backcross Populations

Abstract Defective nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions leading to aberrant microgametogenesis in sorghum carrying the IS1112C male-sterile cytoplasm occur very late in pollen maturation. Amelioration of this condition, the restoration of pollen viability, involves a novel two-gene gametophytic system, wherein genes designated Rf3 and Rf4 are required for viability of individual gametes. Rf3 is tightly linked to, or represents, a single gene that regulates a transcript processing activity that cleaves transcriptsof orf107, a chimeric mitochondrial open reading frame specific to IS1112C. The mitochondrial gene urf 209 is also subject to nucleus-specific enhanced transcript processing, 5′ to the gene, conferred by a single dominant gene designated Mmt1. Examinations of transcript patterns in F2 and two backcross populations indicated cosegregation of the augmented orf107 and urf209 processing activities in IS1112C. Several sorghum lines that do not restore fertility or confer orf107 transcript processing do exhibit urf209 transcript processing, indicating that the activities are distinguishable. We conclude that the nuclear gene(s) conferring enhanced orf107 and urf209 processing activities are tightly linked in IS1112C. Alternatively, the similarity in apparent regulatory action of the genes may indicate allelic differences wherein the IS1112C Rf3 allele may differ from alleles of maintainer lines by the capability to regulate both orf107 and urf209 processing activities.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Gynodioecy in Plantago lanceolatu L. II. Mode of Action and Frequencies of Restorer Alleles

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317-1328
Author(s):  
Anita A de Haan ◽  
Hans P Koelewijn ◽  
Maria P J Hundscheid ◽  
Jos M M Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

Male fertility in Plantago lanceolata is controlled by the interaction of cytoplasmic and nuclear genes. Different cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) types can be either male sterile or hermaphrodite, depending on the presence of nuclear restorer alleles. In three CMS types of P. lanceolata (CMSI, CMSIIa, and CMSIIb) the number of loci involved in male fertility restoration was determined. In each CMS type, male fertility was restored by multiple genes with either dominant or recessive action and capable either of restoring male fertility independently or in interaction with each other (epistasis). Restorer allele frequencies for CMSI, CMSIIa and CMSIIb were determined by crossing hermaphrodites with “standard” male steriles. Segregation of male steriles vs. non-male steriles was used to estimate overall restorer allele frequency. The frequency of restorer alleles was different for the CMS types: restorer alleles for CMSI were less frequent than for CMSIIa and CMSIIb. On the basis of the frequencies of male steriles and the CMS types an “expected” restorer allele frequency could be calculated. The correlation between estimated and expected restorer allele frequency was significant.

scholarly journals INHERITANCE OF FERTILITY RESTORATION INVOLVING WILD ABORTIVE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY SYSTEM IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
M. J. Hasan ◽  
M. U. Kulsum ◽  
A. Ansari ◽  
A. K. Paul ◽  
P. L. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line

Inheritance of fertility restoration was studied in crosses involving ten elite restorer lines of rice viz. BR6839-41-5-1R, BR7013-62-1-1R, BR7011-37-1-2R, BR10R, BR11R, BR12R, BR13R, BR14R, BR15R and BR16R and one male sterile line Jin23A with WA sources of cytoplasmic male sterility. The segregation pattern for pollen fertility of F2 and BC1 populations of crosses involving Jin23A indicated the presence of two independent dominant fertility restoring genes. The mode of action of the two genes varied in different crosses revealing three types of interaction, i.e. epistasis with dominant gene action, epistasis with recessive gene action, and epistasis with incomplete dominance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i1.16997

Male fertility restoration of wheat in Hordeum chilense cytoplasm is associated with 6HchS chromosome addition

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Martín ◽  
S. G. Atienza ◽  
M. C. Ramírez ◽  
F. Barro ◽  
A. Martín
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Hordeum Chilense ◽  
Alloplasmic Line ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Pollen Abortion ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Pollen Stage

We report a new cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) source in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) designated as msH1. CMS has been identified during the process of obtaining alloplasmic bread wheat in different Hordeum chilense Roem. Schultz. cytoplasms. It was observed that when using the H. chilense H1 accession, the corresponding alloplasmic line was male sterile. This alloplasmic wheat is stable under different environmental conditions and it does not exhibit developmental or floral abnormalities, showing only slightly reduced height and some delay in heading. On examining microsporogenesis in the alloplasmic line, it was found that different stages of meiosis were completed normally, but abnormal development occurred at the uninucleate-pollen stage at the first mitosis, resulting in failure of anther exertion and pollen abortion. Fertility restoration of the CMS phenotype caused by the H. chilense cytoplasm was associated with the addition of chromosome 6HchS from H. chilense accession H1. Thus, some fertility restoration genes appear to be located in this chromosome arm. Considering the features displayed by the msH1 system, we consider that it has a great potential for the development of viable technology for hybrid wheat production.

THE GENETICS OF FERTILITY RESTORATION IN CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILE RYE

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Scoles ◽  
L. E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Partial Fertility

Three inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale L.) known to be capable of restoring fertility to a cytoplasmic male-sterile line were crossed with the sterile line. The proportions of male fertile, partially male fertile and male sterile plants in F2 and backcross progenies indicated that three dominant restorer genes were present in each line. These were designated Rf1, Rf2 and Rf3, their relative expressivity was Rf1>Rf2>Rf3. Expressivity was dependent upon environment. Partial fertility occurred when certain genotypes carried two of the three alleles as dominant, but was dependent upon genotype and environment.

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