Genetic analysis by use of potato haploid populations

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Kotch ◽  
Rodomiro Ortiz ◽  
S. J. Peloquin
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Tuber Dormancy ◽  
Nonadditive Effects ◽  
Average Tuber Weight ◽  
Maternal Haploids

A total of 522 haploids were obtained from six 4x parents. They were used to analyze the genetics of total tuber yield (TTY), average tuber weight (ATW), number of tubers in two hills (NTP), specific gravity (SG), tuber dormancy (TD), vine maturity (VM), after-harvest glucose ratings (GRH), and after-storage glucose ratings (GRS). The analysis of frequency distribution for each trait in the haploid populations provided a means of estimating the main type of gene action, the genetic load for different traits, and the genotypic differences among the parents for these traits. The genetics of the traits was determined by comparing the value of haploid families ("living gametes") to that of their 4x parents. SG and TD represent traits in which additive effects were important. Both additive and nonadditive effects were important in VM, NTP, GRH. TTY, ATW, and GRS were traits in which nonadditive effects were very important. The main type of gene action estimated for TTY and ATW indicates the importance of heterozygosity and epistasis. The reduction in TTY and ATW in haploid populations with respect to the 4x parents was adequately explained as a result of loss of intra- and inter-locus interactions rather than a result of the genetic load of the 4x parents.Key words: maternal haploids, genetic load, epistasis, heterozygosity, quantitative genetics.

Multiplicative vs. arbitrary gene action in heterosis.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
F W Schnell ◽  
C C Cockerham
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Epistatic Effects ◽  
Genetic Significance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Multiplicative Models ◽  
Multiplicative Effects

Abstract In this article we investigate multiplicative effects between genes in relation to heterosis. The extensive literature on heterosis due to multiplicative effects between characters is reviewed, as is earlier work on the genetic description of heterosis. A two-locus diallelic model of arbitrary gene action is used to derive linear parameters for two multiplicative models. With multiplicative action between loci, epistatic effects are nonlinear functions of one-locus effects and the mean. With completely multiplicative action, the mean and additive effects form similar restrictions for all the rest of the effects. Extensions to more than two loci are indicated. The linear parameters of various models are then used to describe heterosis, which is taken as the difference between respective averages of a cross (F1) and its two parent populations (P). The difference (F2 - P) is also discussed. Two parts of heterosis are distinguished: part I arising from dominance, and part II due to additive x additive (a x a)-epistasis. Heterosis with multiplicative action between loci implies multiplicative accumulation of heterosis present at individual loci in part I, in addition to multiplicative (a x a)-interaction in part II. Heterosis with completely multiplicative action can only be negative (i.e., the F1 values must be less than the midparent), but the difference (F2 - P) can be positive under certain conditions. Heterosis without dominance can arise from multiplicative as well as any other nonadditive action between loci, as is exemplified by diminishing return interaction. The discussion enlarges the scope in various directions: the genetic significance of multiplicative models is considered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilization and microbial preparations on potato yielding

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kołodziejczyk
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Average Tuber Weight

The effect of nitrogen fertilization and microbial preparations on yielding and development of potato tuber yield components were assessed in field experiments conducted under soil conditions of Luvic Chernozem. The factors of the experiment were nitrogen fertilization levels: 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N/ha and the following preparations: BactoFil B10, effective microorganisms and UG<sub>max</sub> soil fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilization caused a significant increase in marketable yield of potato tubers. Yield increments on individual fertilizer treatments ranged from 66% to 140%. An evident effect of this factor was also visible regarding the yield components values. Increase in the number of main stems per 1 m<sup>2</sup> under the influence of growing nitrogen doses occurred from the fertilization level 120 kg N/ha, whereas the number of tubers per 1 stem increased only to the level of 60 kg N/ha. Each nitrogen dose applied within the range to 180 kg N/ha caused a marked increase in an average tuber weight. Conducted investigations demonstrated an unfavourable effect of microbial preparations on the marketable crop yield of tubers and formation of yield components. On the objects where microbial preparations were applied, the marketable yield was lower by 1.5 to 2.3 t/ha than in the control. Analysis of linear regression revealed occurrence of significant dependencies between the total tuber yield and the values of individual yield components. The relationships were the most visible for an average tuber weight formation as evidenced by the value of coefficient of determination&nbsp;(R<sup>2</sup> = 0.983).

scholarly journals Evaluation of inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) through line × tester method

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683
Author(s):  
MN Amin ◽  
M Amiruzzaman ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
MR Ali
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range

Maize inbred lines were evaluated by using line × tester method involving 11 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components through estimation of general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. The crosses with high sca effect for grain yield were evolved from high × low general combiner parents which reveled additive × dominance type of gene action. The cross combinations 9MS4-1 × L22, 9MS4-1 × L486, 9MS4-2 × L431, 9MS4-11 × L486 and 9MS4- 15 × L431 with high positive sca effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22547 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 675-683, December 2014

scholarly journals Evaluation of Inbred Line Through Line X Tester Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
N Jahan ◽  
MS Uddin ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
S Hasna ◽  
ARM Saifullah
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range

Early generation evaluation of inbred lines through line × tester method was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur during rabi 2013-14 in maize involving 12 S4 lines and 2 testers (BIL 28 and BIL 29) for grain yield, yield components and other characters to estimate the general combining ability of the lines and specific combining ability effects of the crosses. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among them. The crosses with high SCA effect for grain yield evolved from high × low general combiner parents were revealed additive x dominance type of gene action. The cross combinations E-7 X BIL-29, E-11 X BIL-29, E-10 X BIL-28 and E-9 X BIL-28 with high positive SCA effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22211 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 79-84 2014

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
M. S. Uddin ◽  
M. Amiruzzaman ◽  
S. A. Bagum ◽  
M. A. Hakim ◽  
M. R. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
Low X

A line × tester analysis was conducted in maize involving 12 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components to determine the heterosis as well as general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. GCA and SCA variance for yield per plant number of kernels per row and 100-kernels weight were observed significant, which indicated importance of additive as type of gene action for these characters. The ratio of SCA and GCA variances were high for the all character studied that revealed the preponderance of non additive type of gene action. Standard heterosis ranged from -28.29 to 28.41%; -12.29 to 24.38%; -1.11 to 24.44%; -14.75 to 6.67%; -17.24 to 11.26% and -10.94 to 20.83% for grain yield per plant, number of grains per row, number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter and 100-kernel weight, respectively. The lines IPB 911-16, IPB 911-12, IPB 911-2, IPB 911-18 and IPB 911-47 showed significant positive GCA effect and simultaneously possessed high mean value indicating that the per se performance of the parents could prove as an useful index for combining ability. The crosses exhibited significant SCA effects involved high x high, high x low, low x high, average x low and low x low general combining parents. The cross combinations with significant positive SCA effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17045

Genetic analysis for yield and yield attributes in greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Narasimhulu ◽  
N. V. Naidu ◽  
K.H. P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Parental Mating ◽  
Duplicate Epistasis

Six basic generations viz., P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2 of five selected crosses viz., LGG-460 × WGG-37, TM-96-2 × WGG-37, TM-96-2 × PM-112, MGG-295 × PM-110 and MGG-351 × PM-115 were studied to assess the nature and mode of gene action for yield and its component traits through generation mean analysis. In general, magnitude of dominance effects (h) has greater value than additive effects (d) for majority of the traits in all the crosses. All the traits are under the influence of duplicate epistasis besides additive type of gene effects for which bi-parental mating or inter-se mating may be adopted followed by pedigree method of selection to modify the genetic architecture of greengram for attaining higher yields with desirable properties.

scholarly journals Selection of potato clones for tuber yield, vine maturity and frying quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani O Silva ◽  
Arione S Pereira ◽  
Fernanda Q Azevedo ◽  
Agnaldo DF Carvalho ◽  
Jadir B Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vine Maturity ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Average Tuber Weight ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Development of Brazilian potato cultivars adapted to different growing conditions, production systems and regions of the country is very important to increase the competitiveness of the national potato chain. In this sense, the objective of this work was to verify the performance of advanced potato clones for tuber yield traits, vine maturity and frying quality. An experiment was carried out in Pelotas-RS in spring, 2014. A set of nine advanced potato clones and two control cultivars were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Plots consisted of single rows of 20 plants spaced at 0.80 m between rows and 0.30 m between plants. The data of each trait were submitted to the deviance analysis, estimated the genetic values and selected the best genotypes using selection indices of the sum of ranks and the lowest distance from the ideotype. Clones F131-08-26 and F183-08-01, and the check ‘Asterix’ were distinguished for yield of marketable tubers. F183-08-01 and the control stood out for specific gravity and average tuber weight. Clone F161-07-02 ranked among the best for specific gravity, frying color and vine maturity. F97-07-04 and F183-08-01 and the check ‘Asterix’ were the best according to the selection indices, however, would result in losses in the frying color and vine maturity traits.

scholarly journals Correlation coefficients, path analysis and disease reaction between yield and yield components in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes in Bale, South Eastern Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Getachew Workalemahu ◽  
Wassu Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Average Tuber Weight

Study on the relationships between yield and its components will improve the efficiency of breeding programmes by determining appropriate selection criteria. An investigation was carried out on 24 potato genotypes to find out the association among yield, yield components and their direct and indirect effects on tuber yield of potato. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications at Sinana Agricultural Research Center. The association was analyzed by correlation coefficient, and further subjected to path analysis to estimate direct and indirect effects of each character on tuber yield. Positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic correlation were found between total tuber yield and marketable tuber yield (rg=0.99), leaf area index (rg=0.82), plant height(rg=0.56), stem number per plant(rg=0.56), average tuber weight (rg=0.74)  and biomass yield (rg=0.69). Path analysis of tuber yield and its components shows that marketable tuber yield and average tuber weight had maximum positive direct genotypic and phenotypic effect on total tuber yield indicating their importance in selection for tuber yield improvement.

scholarly journals Yield, frying quality, plant vigor, and maturity of potato clones

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Olegario da Silva ◽  
Arione da S Pereira ◽  
Agnaldo DF Carvalho ◽  
Fernanda Q Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Plant Vigor ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Average Tuber Weight

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate advanced potato clones for tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor, and maturity, grown from minituber seeds, and to assess correlations between these traits. Eight advanced potato clones of Embrapa Potato Breeding Program (F11-09-03, F05-11-03, F54-11-06, F141-11-01, C2718-12-09, C2718-24-09, C2743-09-09, and CL308) and three commercial cultivars (Agata, Asterix and BRSIPR Bel) were evaluated. Experiments were carried out in autumn 2017, in Canoinhas-SC and Pelotas-RS. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was used. We used tuber seeds type IV (minibubers). We evaluated plant vigor, maturity, yield and number of marketable tubers, yield and number of total tubers, average tuber weight, specific gravity, and frying color. Individual and joint variance analyses revealed significant differences (p <0.05) among genotypes for all traits at both locations. The GxE (genotype x environment) interaction was significant for all traits. For the two locations together, clones F05-11-03, C2718-12-09, C2718-24-09 and the control cultivar BRSIPR Bel showed higher marketable tuber yields. The first two clones also showed tubers with high average tuber weight. Clone F54-11-06 showed the later maturity at both locations. Regarding the frying quality characteristics, only clone F141-11-01 showed a pattern comparable to that of the control cultivar Asterix. Also, clones with higher plant vigor had higher tuber yield, but late maturity. Frying quality traits were not correlated between them and among other traits.

The association between potato tuber yield and the components of yield in irrigated and dryland environments in the prairies

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Lynch ◽  
G. C. Kozub
Keyword(s):  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Average Tuber Weight

A study of the yield structure of nine potato genotypes was carried out over a 3-yr period in irrigated and dryland environments in the Prairies. This was undertaken to develop an understanding of yield component interactions, which could be useful in the selection for yield in early clonal generations of the Prairie Potato Breeding Project. Path coefficient analysis was used to partition correlation coefficients among yield and yield components into direct and indirect effects. Marketable yield of tubers in the irrigated and dryland environments differed markedly as did interactions between components in determining yield. Mainstem and tuber number were associated positively with yield under irrigated but not under dryland conditions. Tuber yield was strongly associated with average tuber weight under both irrigated and dryland conditions. The study indicates that consideration of yield component interactions in early generation selection "activities" could assist in the identification of high-yielding genotypes. Key words: Path coefficient analysis, Solanum tuberosum, selection, early clonal generations

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