Genetic analysis for yield and yield attributes in greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Narasimhulu ◽  
N. V. Naidu ◽  
K.H. P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Parental Mating ◽  
Duplicate Epistasis

Six basic generations viz., P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2 of five selected crosses viz., LGG-460 × WGG-37, TM-96-2 × WGG-37, TM-96-2 × PM-112, MGG-295 × PM-110 and MGG-351 × PM-115 were studied to assess the nature and mode of gene action for yield and its component traits through generation mean analysis. In general, magnitude of dominance effects (h) has greater value than additive effects (d) for majority of the traits in all the crosses. All the traits are under the influence of duplicate epistasis besides additive type of gene effects for which bi-parental mating or inter-se mating may be adopted followed by pedigree method of selection to modify the genetic architecture of greengram for attaining higher yields with desirable properties.

scholarly journals Pattern of quantitative inheritance of yield and component traits in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Maurya ◽  
Sudhir Shukla ◽  
Geeta Asthana
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Allelic Interaction ◽  
Capsule Size ◽  
Biparental Mating

Generation mean analysis of cross NB-5x58/1 and its reciprocal cross was carried out to understand the nature of gene action in opium poppy. The significance of A, B, C and D scaling tests indicated presence of non-allelic interaction in the inheritance of traits except capsule size and husk yield/plant for reciprocal cross. Additive as well as dominance components of gene action were found in both the crosses. Most of the traits had greater non fixable dominance ?h? and dominance x dominance effects ?l? than fixable additive (d) and additive x additive effects (i) except leaves/plant, branches/plant, capsules/plant, stem diameter, capsule weight/plant, husk yield/plant, opium yield/plant, codeine and narcotine content which showed greater importance of additive (d) and additive x additive effects (i) effects. Inter-mating of the best parents, diallel selective mating or biparental mating in early segregating generations followed by recurrent selections were suggested for genetic improvement of opium poppy.

scholarly journals Gene Action Studies for Yield and its Related Traits by using Generation Mean Analysis in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswajit Lenka ◽  
Bhabendra Baisakh ◽  
Manasi Dash ◽  
Devraj Lenka ◽  
Swapan Kumar Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Transgressive Segregants ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Background: Mungbean is one of the most important legume crop with high nutritional value and is consumed in various forms in different parts of India. In order to meet its growing demand, there is a need to increase the yield through adoption of breeding approaches like heterosis breeding and breeding for high yielding varieties. This demands a critical study of the gene action involved in regulation of yield and yield attributing traits which can be achieved through generation mean analysis. Methods: In the present study, generation mean analysis was undertaken using five parameter model to estimate the nature and magnitude of gene action of yield and its component traits in six crosses of greengram. Result: Magnitude of dominance gene effect was reported to be higher than additive gene effect in most of the crosses. Either one or both the interaction components were found significant for all the traits besides number of branches per plant and hundred seed weight. It was evident from the study that the yield components could be improved by exploiting both additive and non-additive gene effects. The transgressive segregants thus produced will prompt the development of desirable high yielding genotypes.

Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
ANMS Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
AH Akhi ◽  
MZA Talukder ◽  
A Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height

Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018

scholarly journals Estimation of Gene Action and Interaction for Some Quantitative Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Generation Mean Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-744
Author(s):  
Amrita Kumari ◽  
◽  
B. K. Senapati ◽  
Anita Roy Aich ◽  
Aditya Pratap Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Main Gene

The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetic action for controlling the inheritance of some quantitative characters. The experimental materials consisted of three rice varieties, i.e., Mahsuri, Bhutmuri, IR36 and F1, F2, and F3 populations of Mahsuri×Bhutmuri (Cross I) and IR36×Bhutmuri (Cross II). To conduct the generation mean analysis, the parents and their F1, F2, and F3 populations were evaluated during June to October month of Kharif 2016 and Kharif 2017. Generation mean analysis was done for eighteen quantitative characters following the five parameter model. The Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences among the five generations for all the characters studied. The results of the scaling tests and joint scaling test revealed that the Simple additive-dominance model was inadequate for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of panicles plant-1, number of primary branches panicle-1, number of secondary branches panicle-1 in Cross I, while it was for plant height, number of tillers plant-1, number of panicles plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle–1 and fertility % in Cross II. Hence, the present studies have revealed that epistasis as a basic mechanism that cannot be ignored. Thus, formulating breeding policies on only main gene effects i.e. additive and dominance could be misleading.

Studies on heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield and its attributes in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Narasimhulu ◽  
N. V. Naidu ◽  
K. H.P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Single Plant Selection

Five crosses were evaluated to study the extent of heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield and its attributing traits in greengram. Heterosis over mid parent, better parent and standard variety was significant for pods/plant and seed yield/plant. The crosses exhibiting high heterosis also expressed high inbreeding depression for pods/plant, pods/cluster and seed yield/plant. Heterosis coupled with inbreeding depression revealed the predominance of non-additive gene action for most of the characters studied. Owing to its autogamous genetic architecture and biological constrains of the crop the heterosis could be exploited only by isolating the desirable segregants for yield attributes adopting bi-parental or recurrent selection in early segregating generations followed by single plant selection in subsequent generations.

scholarly journals Genetic Variance Components in Cotton by Generation Mean Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
A. Isong ◽  
A. Balu ◽  
A. Ahmed ◽  
J. O. Mbe ◽  
I. G. Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Variance Components ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Dominance Effect ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Additive Gene

The mode of gene action for the expression of quantitative traits is decided by the predominance of variances due to additive, dominance and epistasis gene effects. In this experiment, involving four F1 crosses (TCH1716 x TCB37, TCH1705-101 x TCB209, KC2 x TCB26 and TSH0250 x DB3) of upland cotton, inheritance of major yield components by Generation Mean Analysis was investigated. The investigation revealed that both additive and dominance gene effects were involved in the expression of most of the yield contributing traits. One or more types of epistatic interaction effects were prevalent for all the characters and thus played a major role in the control of the characters. The inheritance of the traits was found to be complex in lieu of the low heritability estimates and genetic advance over mean. For seed cotton yield per plant, the dominance x dominance interaction effect was positively significant for all the crosses, the additive x dominance effect was positively significant only in cross 1 and the dominance main effect showed negative significant in all crosses. The dominance (h) and dominance x dominance (l) effects were of opposite signs in all the crosses indicating the presence of duplicate epistasis in all the crosses. To harness additive gene effects for improvement of some of the traits, breeding methods with postponement of selection to later generation should be adopted.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES OF GRAIN YIELD AND RELATED TRAITS IN PEARL MILLET

1970 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Muhammad Siddique, Muhammad Irshad-Ul- Haq, Saeeda Khanum ◽  
Naveed Kamal ◽  
Muhammad Arshad Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis

The present study was undertaken to explore the genetic architecture of pearl millet through combining ability analysis in a 5X5 diallel fashion. Both GCA and SCA mean squares were significant in grain yield, plant height, panicle length and days to flowering. However, these were non-significant for number of productive tillers and panicle girth. General combining ability estimates revealed that genotype MGP-322 was good general combiner for all the traits under study except for days to flowering for which MGP-335 and 13RBS-01 were good general combiners but these were poor general combiners for all other traits under study. The crosses MGP-322XMGP-328, MGP-322XMGP-335, MGP-328X13RBS-13, 13RBS-01X13RBS-13 and MGP-322X13RBS-01 were best specific combiners for grain yield and some other attributes respectively. All these crosses involved at least one good general combiner except MGP-328X13RBS-13. This suggested that good general combiners are the best tool in improving the crop yield by manipulating the genetic architecture. Combining ability variances revealed that although both GCA and SCA variances were important, however, SCA variances were higher than GCA variances suggesting that non additive type of gene action was more prominent in the inheritance of characters under study.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for yield, its component traits and some grain quality parameters in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari Priyanka ◽  
H. K. Jaiswal ◽  
Showkat A. Waza
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Component Traits

The experiment was conducted to estimate combining ability and heterosis for yield, yield attributing traits and few grain quality parameters in rice. The crosses were made among three CMS lines i.e., IR58025A, Pusa6A and IR68897A and seven pollen parents viz., Sarjoo-52, Jaya, Sasyashree, Swetha, HUR 5-2, PR-106 and BPT 5204. Twenty one hybrids were generated in line x tester design. The superior hybrids were identified on the basis of combining ability effect and heterosis. Cross combination IR68897A/Jaya and IR68897A/BPT 5204 exhibited good x good parental GCA effects suggesting that there is additive x additive type of gene action. The cross IR68897A/Jaya showed highest positive SCA effect. The higher magnitude of heterosis for all the yield and quality traits were not expressed in a single hybrid combination. It varied from cross to cross due to diverse genetic background of their parents. The two crosses IR68897A/Jaya and IR68897A/BPT 5204 were found to be heterotic for yield and yield traits as well as the grain quality characteristcs.

scholarly journals Generation Mean Analysis for Yield and Its Component Traits in Diallel Population of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Parkash Yadav ◽  
R. K. Giri ◽  
S. K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield

Background: The nature and magnitude of gene action decides the choice of breeding procedure for achieving desired genetic improvement in any crop. It is particularly important to have an idea of gene interactions for getting genetic advance for polygenic traits such as yield and fiber traits in cotton. Method: The current study was undertaken to investigate the gene action controlling yield and components traits in eight Gossypium hirsutum varieties by using means of the six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of 8 x 8 diallel crossing program. The mean of the crosses for the traits in each generation were used for generation mean analysis. Conclusion: Results revealed that the estimated mean effects (m) were highly significant for all traits, indicating quantitative inheritance of these traits. Out of the seven traits under study five traits showed significance for at least one scaling test. Additive and dominant gene effects were significant for seed cotton yield and number of monopods with larger magnitude of dominance effects than additive ones. Dominance, additive x dominance and dominance x dominance were significant for boll weight, number of monopods, seed cotton yield and seed index. Narrow-sense heritability and genetic advance were found low for most of the traits.

scholarly journals Estimation of Gene Action for Seed Yield and Component Traits using Generation Mean Analysis in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuntun Naing ◽  
S.K. Verma ◽  
R.K. Panwar ◽  
A.K. Gaur ◽  
Charupriya Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Background: For improvement of quantitative traits the information on nature of gene action is an important asset for plant breeders. However, the information on gene action for yield and its attributes is scanty in pigeonpea crop. Methods: The present experiment was carried out during kharif 2018-2020 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The experimental material consisted of six generations of three crosses viz., PADT-16 × PUSA 992, PADT-16 × UPAS 120 and PADT-16 × PAU 881. The observations were recorded on nine morphological characters. The gene action was estimated by three parameters model of Jinks and Jones if scaling tests were non significant and six parameters model of Hayman if scaling tests were significant. Result: For majority of traits in all three crosses, epistatic gene action was present as scaling tests were found to be significant. However, for traits number of primary branches, number of secondary branches and number of seeds per pod in cross PADT-16 × UPAS 120 a simple additive/dominance model was found to be adequate. In general, magnitude of dominance was found to be higher as compared to corresponding additive gene action. The high magnitude of dominance indicated that heterosis breeding is rewarding in these characters.

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