Genome elimination in diploid and triploid Rana esculenta males: cytological evidence from DNA flow cytometry

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Vinogradov ◽  
L. J. Borkin ◽  
R. Günther ◽  
J. M. Rosanov
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Dna Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Water Frog ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Rana Lessonae

Cytological aspects of hemiclonal (meroclonal) inheritance in diploid and triploid males of the hybridogenetic frog Rana esculenta (Rana ridibunda × Rana lessonae) have been studied by DNA flow cytometry. The fact that the R. ridibunda genome contains 16% more DNA than the R. lessonae genome provides the ability to discern cells containing genomes of any species from the water-frog complex under study. Data are presented showing that elimination of the R. ridibunda genome occurs in hybridogenetic males from certain populations. In triploid males, the cytogenetic mechanism of hemiclonal inheritance is simpler than in diploids: after the elimination of a genome (always the genome in the minority in the triploid set; "homogenizing elimination"), no compensatory duplication of the remaining genetic material is necessary, as it is in diploids. The process of elimination can be visualized in triploid males by using DNA flow cytometry to identify cells in the special phase of the spermatogonial cell cycle that we termed the E phase.Key words: Rana esculenta, genome elimination, non-Mendelian inheritance, spermatogenesis, DNA flow cytometry.

scholarly journals Water frogs (Rana esculenta complex) in Serbia: Morphological data

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.I. Krizmanic
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Parent Species ◽  
Rana Ridibunda ◽  
Water Frog ◽  
Water Frogs ◽  
Complex Population ◽  
Rana Esculenta Complex ◽  
Rana Lessonae

The main purpose of this paper was to estimate morphometric variability of the water frog (Rana synklepton esculenta complex) population in Serbia. Altogether, 396 water frogs were collected at 15 localities in Serbia and analyzed using principal components for 18 selected indices, in addition to which correspondent analyses were conducted for 30 qualitative external morphological traits. The results showed that the population samples were heterogeneous and included three separate forms (Rana ridibunda, Rana lessonae and Rana kl. esculenta). Significant interspecific differ?ences were found between R. ridibunda and R. lessonae, which are clearly distinct from each other. Rana kl. esculenta specimens were in an intermediate position between R. ridibunda and R. lessonae, with values more similar to the R. ridibunda parent species.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in recombination rate in the pig

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Johnsson ◽  
Andrew Whalen ◽  
Roger Ros-Freixedes ◽  
Gregor Gorjanc ◽  
Ching-Yi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Recombination Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Pig Genome ◽  
Genetic Length ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background Meiotic recombination results in the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. Recombination rate varies between different parts of the genome, between individuals, and is influenced by genetics. In this paper, we assessed the genetic variation in recombination rate along the genome and between individuals in the pig using multilocus iterative peeling on 150,000 individuals across nine genotyped pedigrees. We used these data to estimate the heritability of recombination and perform a genome-wide association study of recombination in the pig. Results Our results confirmed known features of the recombination landscape of the pig genome, including differences in genetic length of chromosomes and marked sex differences. The recombination landscape was repeatable between lines, but at the same time, there were differences in average autosome-wide recombination rate between lines. The heritability of autosome-wide recombination rate was low but not zero (on average 0.07 for females and 0.05 for males). We found six genomic regions that are associated with recombination rate, among which five harbour known candidate genes involved in recombination: RNF212, SHOC1, SYCP2, MSH4 and HFM1. Conclusions Our results on the variation in recombination rate in the pig genome agree with those reported for other vertebrates, with a low but nonzero heritability, and the identification of a major quantitative trait locus for recombination rate that is homologous to that detected in several other species. This work also highlights the utility of using large-scale livestock data to understand biological processes.

scholarly journals A Nonsense Variant in Hephaestin Like 1 (HEPHL1) Is Responsible for Congenital Hypotrichosis in Belted Galloway Cattle

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Thibaud Kuca ◽  
Brandy M. Marron ◽  
Joana G. P. Jacinto ◽  
Julia M. Paris ◽  
Christian Gerspach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Homozygosity Mapping ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Positional Candidate ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Genodermatosis such as hair disorders mostly follow a monogenic mode of inheritance. Congenital hypotrichosis (HY) belong to this group of disorders and is characterized by abnormally reduced hair since birth. The purpose of this study was to characterize the clinical phenotype of a breed-specific non-syndromic form of HY in Belted Galloway cattle and to identify the causative genetic variant for this recessive disorder. An affected calf born in Switzerland presented with multiple small to large areas of alopecia on the limbs and on the dorsal part of the head, neck, and back. A genome-wide association study using Swiss and US Belted Galloway cattle encompassing 12 cases and 61 controls revealed an association signal on chromosome 29. Homozygosity mapping in a subset of cases refined the HY locus to a 1.5 Mb critical interval and subsequent Sanger sequencing of protein-coding exons of positional candidate genes revealed a stop gain variant in the HEPHL1 gene that encodes a multi-copper ferroxidase protein so-called hephaestin like 1 (c.1684A>T; p.Lys562*). A perfect concordance between the homozygous presence of this most likely pathogenic loss-of-function variant and the HY phenotype was found. Genotyping of more than 700 purebred Swiss and US Belted Galloway cattle showed the global spread of the mutation. This study provides a molecular test that will permit the avoidance of risk matings by systematic genotyping of relevant breeding animals. This rare recessive HEPHL1-related form of hypotrichosis provides a novel large animal model for similar human conditions. The results have been incorporated in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) database (OMIA 002230-9913).

DNA Flow Cytometry in Sperm Cells from Testicular Cancer Patients

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Fosså ◽  
J.E. Melvik ◽  
N.O. Juul ◽  
E.O. Pettersen ◽  
Ø. Åmellem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Dna Flow Cytometry ◽  
Sperm Cells

Freezing tolerance of the European water frogs: the good, the bad, and the ugly

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. R1563-R1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Voituron ◽  
Pierre Joly ◽  
Michel Eugène ◽  
Hervé Barré
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Freeze Tolerance ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Rana Ridibunda ◽  
European Water ◽  
Water Frogs ◽  
European Water Frogs ◽  
Mass Accumulation ◽  
Rana Lessonae

Survival and some physiological responses to freezing were investigated in three European water frogs ( Rana lessonae, Rana ridibunda, and their hybridogen Rana esculenta). The three species exhibited different survival times during freezing (from 10 h for R. lessonae to 20 h for R. ridibunda). The time courses of percent water frozen were similar; however, because of the huge differences in body mass among species (from 10 g for Rana lessonae to nearly 100 g for Rana ridibunda), the ice mass accumulation rate varied markedly (from 0.75 ± 0.12 to 1.43 ± 0.11 g ice/h, respectively) and was lowest in the terrestrial hibernator Rana lessonae. The hybrid Rana esculenta exhibited an intermediate response between the two parental species; furthermore, within-species correlation existed between body mass and ice mass accumulation rates, suggesting the occurrence of subpopulations in this species (0.84 ± 0.08 g ice/h for small R. esculenta and 1.78 ± 0.09 g ice/h for large ones). Biochemical analyses showed accumulation of blood glucose and lactate, liver glucose (originating from glycogen), and liver alanine in Rana lessonae and Rana esculenta but not in Rana ridibunda in response to freezing. The variation of freeze tolerance between these three closely related species could bring understanding to the physiological processes involved in the evolution of freeze tolerance in vertebrates.

Determination of testicular function after torsion by DNA flow cytometry of serial fine-needle aspirates

1997 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Carroll ◽  
M.C. Regan ◽  
R. Alyusuf ◽  
D. Greene ◽  
B. Curran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Dna Flow Cytometry ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Fine Needle Aspirates
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